Search results for "Artificial"

showing 10 items of 7394 documents

Combined Endo- and Exoscopic Semi-robotic Manipulator System for Image Guided Operations

2006

This paper describes the development of a robotic assistance system for image guided operations. To minimize operation time, a multimodal user interface enables freehand robotic manipulation of an extracorporeal stereoscopic digital camera (exoscope) and an endoscope. The surgeon thereby wears a head-mounted unit with a binocular display, a head tracker, a microphone and earphones. Different view positioning and adjustment modes can be selected by voice and controlled by head rotation while pressing a miniature confirmation button with a finger. Initial studies focused on the evaluation and optimization of the intuitiveness, comfort and precision of different modes of operation, including a…

business.product_categoryComputer scienceMicrophonebusiness.industryComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONRobot manipulatorStereoscopyVirtual realityImaging phantomlaw.inventionImage (mathematics)lawSystem integrationComputer visionArtificial intelligenceUser interfacebusinessSimulationDigital camera
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<title>Stereoacuity determination at changing contrast of colored stereostimuli</title>

2003

Studies are focused on design and appraisal of an objective test for assessment of the stereovision quality in unfavorable conditions. Stereostimuli of different colors are used while the contrast of one of the stimulus being varied. Tests are based on principles of black-and-white and two primary color random dot stereotests. Experiments are divided by the method of stimuli display and separation: 1) stereoeffect is obtained haploscopically - by use of spectacles with color filters (blue and red) or prisms, 2) stimuli separation is obtained by liquid crystal shutters when both eye stimuli are demonstrated with a different delay. The stereovision threshold is determiend at different stimuli…

business.product_categoryComputer sciencebusiness.industryContrast (statistics)Stimulus (physiology)Stereoscopic acuityPrimary colorColoredRGB color modelComputer visionColor filter arrayArtificial intelligenceComputer monitorbusinessSPIE Proceedings
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Characterization of a digital camera as an absolute tristimulus colorimeter

2003

An algorithm is proposed for the spectral and colorimetric characterization of digital still cameras (DSC) which allows them to be used as tele-colorimeters with CIE-XYZ color output, in cd/m2. The spectral characterization consists in the calculation of the color-matching functions from the previously measured spectral sensitivities. The colorimetric characterization consists in trans- forming the raw RGB digital data into absolute tristimulus values CIE-XYZ (in cd/m2) under variable and unknown spectroradiometric conditions. Thus, in the first stage, a gray balance was applied over the raw RGB digital data to convert them into RGB relative colorimetric values. In the second stage, an algo…

business.product_categoryDemosaicingDigital camerabusiness.industryColor correctionDevice modeling and characterizationTristimulus colorimeterSpectroradiometerDevice limitationsColorCheckerRGB color modelComputer visionArtificial intelligenceColorimetrybusinessColor correctionÓpticaDigital cameraMathematicsColor Imaging VIII: Processing, Hardcopy, and Applications
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Artificial dielectric optical structures: A challenge for nanofabrication

1998

Diffractive optical components can be made using multiple level kinoforms or single level artificial dielectric structures. The latter require the fabrication of pillars of equal depth but differing width and spacing. As a demonstration device, the diffractive optic equivalent of a wedge has been made in GaAs for use at 1.15 μm. The need for all pillars to have the same height was met by using a selective etch and a very thin etch-stop layer on AlGaAs. The experimental diffraction efficiency was 87.8%, among the best ever obtained and close to the theoretical maximum of 97.6%. © 1998 American Vacuum Society.

business.product_categoryFabricationMaterials sciencebusiness.industryGeneral EngineeringDielectricDiffraction efficiencySettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaWedge (mechanical device)Gallium arsenidechemistry.chemical_compoundOpticsNanolithographychemistryEtching (microfabrication)Nanolithography Diffractive Optics Artificial Dielectrics SemiconductorOptoelectronicsbusinessDiffraction grating
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Robust technique for 3D shape reconstruction

2017

Abstract In this paper a robust and simple scheme is presented for three dimensional (3D) shape reconstruction of real object. A novel composite pattern technique is proposed for projecting the light pattern on the object of interest. The proposed scheme reduces the number of patterns by combining the primary color coded channels into one composite format. Our approach uses both spatial and temporal intensity variation for calibration and construction phase. Gamma calibration is considered with the propose scheme. High quality depth map is obtained from the linear light reflected by the shape of object without complex calculations. Experimental results demonstrated that proposed technique i…

business.product_categoryGeneral Computer Sciencebusiness.industry3D reconstructionFlashlight02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesTheoretical Computer ScienceStructured-light 3D scanner010309 opticsDepth mapModeling and Simulation0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringCalibration020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer visionArtificial intelligenceComposite patternbusinessDigital cameraStructured lightMathematicsJournal of Computational Science
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Using a neural network for qualitative and quantitative predictions of weld integrity in solid bonding dominated processes

2014

Solid-state bonding occurs in several manufacturing processes, as Friction Stir Welding, Porthole Die Extrusion and Roll Bonding. Proper conditions of pressure, temperature, strain and strain rate are needed in order to get effective bonding in the final component. In the paper, a neural network is set up, trained and used to predict the bonding occurrence starting from the results of specific numerical models developed for each process. The Plata-Piwnik criterion was used in order to define a quantitative parameter taking into account the effectiveness of the bonding. Excellent predictive capability of the network is obtained for each process.

business.product_categoryMaterials scienceArtificial neural networkMechanical EngineeringMetallurgyFriction Stir WeldingProcess (computing)Mechanical engineeringWeldingStrain rateNeural networkAluminum alloysComputer Science Applicationslaw.inventionRoll bondinglawModeling and SimulationDie (manufacturing)Friction stir weldingGeneral Materials ScienceExtrusionBonding criterionbusinessCivil and Structural EngineeringComputers & Structures
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A hardware skin-segmentation IP for vision based smart ADAS through an FPGA prototyping

2017

International audience; In this paper we presents a platform based design approach for fast HW/SW embedded smart Advanced Driver Assistant System (ADAS) design and prototyping. Then, we share our experience in designing and prototyping a HW/SW vision based smart embedded system as an ADAS that helps to increase the safety of car's drivers. We present a physical prototype of the vision ADAS based on a Zynq FPGA. The system detects the fatigue state of the driver by monitoring the eyes closure and generates a real-time alert. A new HW/SW codesign skin segmentation step to locate the eyes/face is proposed. Our presented new approach migrates the skin segmentation step from processing system (S…

car driver safetyComputer scienceautomotive electronicsFPGA Prototyping02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesIP networkshardware skin segmentation IPhardware-software vision based smart embedded system[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]HardwareHigh-level synthesis0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringSegmentationField-programmable gate arrayimage segmentationSkinfield programmable gate arraysVision basedbusiness.industry010401 analytical chemistryVehiclesobject detectionplatform based design0104 chemical sciences[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/ElectronicsProgrammable logic devicedriver information systemsimage recognitionStreaming mediaembedded smart advanced driver assistant systemEmbedded systemFacefatigue state detectionPlatform-based design020201 artificial intelligence & image processingembedded systemsState (computer science)vision based smart ADASbusinesshardware-software codesignroad safetyComputer hardwareSoftwareFPGA prototype
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Un “laboratorio” di conoscenza nel Mediterraneo. Il Castello Utveggio a Palermo.

2009

Il presente studio approfondisce le tematiche, su esposte, ponendo l’attenzione sull’edificio storico “Il Grande Albergo Castello Utveggio”, che - per scelta di luogo e di destinazione d’uso, eccezionale per avvenimenti tecnici e costruttivi finalizzati a realizzarlo - presenta caratteristiche peculiari di identità di luogo fortemente correlato con la città di Palermo, con il paesaggio della Conca d’Oro e con il territorio. Posto sulla sommità del Primo Pizzo nel settore meridionale del Monte Pellegrino a 346 m s.l.m., è rivolto verso la città e il porto, fu progettato dall’architetto Giovan Battista Santangelo e realizzato nei primi decenni del ‘900.

castello calcestruzzo pietra artificiale rilievo laser scannerSettore ICAR/17 - DisegnoSettore ICAR/12 - Tecnologia Dell'Architettura
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Measurement of three-dimensional mirror parameters by polarization imaging applied to catadioptric camera calibration

2008

International audience; We present a new efficient method for calibration of cata- dioptric sensors. The method is based on an accurate measurement of the three-dimensional parameters of the mirror through polariza- tion imaging. While inserting a rotating polarizer between the cam- era and the mirror, the system is automatically calibrated without any calibration patterns. Moreover, this method permits most of the constraints related to the calibration of catadioptric systems to be relaxed. We show that, contrary to our system, the traditional meth- ods of calibration are very sensitive to misalignment of the camera axis and the symmetry axis of the mirror. From the measurement of three-di…

catadioptricComputer science02 engineering and technologyIterative reconstruction[ INFO.INFO-CV ] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaginglaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesCatadioptric system[INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]0302 clinical medicinelawCamera auto-calibration0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringCalibrationComputer visionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSpolarizationbusiness.industryAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics[INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]Polarization imagingPolarizercalibrationPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsComputer Science ApplicationsCatadioptric sensor020201 artificial intelligence & image processingnon-centralArtificial intelligencebusinessJournal of Electronic Imaging
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Information Decomposition in Bivariate Systems: Theory and Application to Cardiorespiratory Dynamics

2015

In the framework of information dynamics, the temporal evolution of coupled systems can be studied by decomposing the predictive information about an assigned target system into amounts quantifying the information stored inside the system and the information transferred to it. While information storage and transfer are computed through the known self-entropy (SE) and transfer entropy (TE), an alternative decomposition evidences the so-called cross entropy (CE) and conditional SE (cSE), quantifying the cross information and internal information of the target system, respectively. This study presents a thorough evaluation of SE, TE, CE and cSE as quantities related to the causal statistical s…

causalityInformation dynamicsTransfer entropyDynamical systems theoryComputationGeneral Physics and Astronomylcsh:AstrophysicsBivariate analysisMultivariate autoregressive processeMachine learningcomputer.software_genreMultivariate autoregressive processesCardiorespiratory interactionsPhysics and Astronomy (all)Systems theoryDynamical systemslcsh:QB460-466Decomposition (computer science)Statistical physicslcsh:ScienceCardiorespiratory interactions; Causality; Dynamical systems; Heart rate variability; Information dynamics; Multivariate autoregressive processes; Transfer entropyHeart rate variabilityMathematicsCardiorespiratory interactions; Causality; Dynamical systems; Heart rate variability; Information dynamics; Multivariate autoregressive processes; Transfer entropy; Physics and Astronomy (all)business.industryCardiorespiratory interactionheart rate variabilitytransfer entropyDynamical systemcardiorespiratory interactionsdynamical systemslcsh:QC1-999CausalityInformation dynamicCross entropySettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E Informaticamultivariate autoregressive processesBenchmark (computing)lcsh:QTransfer entropyArtificial intelligenceinformation dynamicsbusinesscomputerlcsh:PhysicsEntropy
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