Search results for "Assessments"

showing 7 items of 27 documents

Assessment in educational settings

2016

koulutusjärjestelmätforeign language assessments
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Predicting Math Performance from Raw Large-Scale Educational Assessments Data : A Machine Learning Approach

2016

Large-scale educational assessment studies (LSAs) regularly collect massive amounts of very rich cognitive and contextual data of whole student populations. Currently, LSAs are limited to reporting student proficiencies in the form of plausible values (PVs). PVs are random draws from the posterior distribution of a student’s ability, which is based on the Bayesian approach with the prior distribution modeling the student background within the population and the likelihood test item response using the Rasch model. While PVs have shown to be a reliable estimate for proficiencies of populations, a more comprehensive study of these rich data sets by deploying machine learning algorithms may pro…

large-scale educational assessments
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Mode Effect in Large-Scale Assessment

2017

learning outcomesassessmentsoppimistuloksetarviointi
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Assessment of Cyber Security risks : A Smart Terminal Process

2023

In Finland, the connections to global maritime transportation logistics systems are an essential part of the national critical infrastructure. As a part of maritime logistics systems, the port's operations are important elements for global maritime traffic and the transportation supply chain. Digitalization of seaport services makes it possible to increase the efficiency of terminal systems in the logistic processes. At the same time, port logistic processes can notably reduce its CO2 emissions by optimizing port operations. The improvement of port processes relies very much on the development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Industrial Control Systems (ICS) or Operatio…

merikuljetusmaritime logisticsmart terminal processcyber security managementmeriliikennelogistiikkaälytekniikkamerenkulkusatamatriskinarviointikyberturvallisuusrisk assessments
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Computational aspects in checking of coherence and propagation of conditional probability bounds

2000

In this paper we consider the problem of reducing the computational difficulties in g-coherence checking and propagation of imprecise conditional probability assessments. We review some theoretical results related with the linear structure of the random gain in the betting criterion. Then, we propose a modi ed version of two existing algorithms, used for g-coherence checking and propagation, which are based on linear systems with a reduced number of unknowns. The reduction in the number of unknowns is obtained by an iterative algorithm. Finally, to illustrate our procedure we give some applications.

reduced sets of variables and constrainsCoherent probability assessments propagation random gain computation algorithmsSettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica MatematicaChecking of coherencerandom gainpropagationChecking of coherence; computational aspects; propagation; linear systems; random gain; reduced sets of variables and constrainslinear systemscomputational aspects
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Algorithms for coherence checking and propagation of conditional probability bounds

2001

In this paper, we propose some algorithms for the checking of generalized coherence (g-coherence) and for the extension of imprecise conditional probability assessments. Our concept of g-coherence is a generalization of de Finetti’s coherence principle and is equivalent to the ”avoiding uniform loss” property for lower and upper probabilities (a la Walley). By our algorithms we can check the g-coherence of a given imprecise assessment and we can correct it in order to obtain the associated coherent assessment (in the sense of Walley and Williams). Exploiting some properties of the random gain we show how, in the linear systems involved in our algorithms, we can work with a reduced set of va…

reduced sets of variables and constraintsSettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica MatematicaUncertain knowledgeUncertain knowledge probabilistic reasoning under coherence imprecise conditional probability assessments g-coherence checking g-coherent extension algorithms computational aspects reduced sets of variables reduced sets of linear constraints.g-coherent extensionimprecise conditional probability assessmentsg-coherence checkingUncertain knowledge; probabilistic reasoning under coherence; imprecise conditional probability assessments; g-coherence checking; g-coherent extension; algorithms.; computational aspects; reduced sets of variables and constraints.algorithmsprobabilistic reasoning under coherencecomputational aspects
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Coherent conditional probabilities and proper scoring rules

2011

In this paper we study the relationship between the notion of coherence for conditional probability assessments on a family of conditional events and the notion of admissibility with respect to scoring rules. By extending a recent result given in literature for unconditional events, we prove, for any given strictly proper scoring rule s, the equivalence between the coherence of a conditional probability assessment and its admissibility with respect to s. In this paper we focus our analysis on the case of continuous bounded scoring rules. In this context a key role is also played by Bregman divergence and by a related theoretical aspect. Finally, we briefly illustrate a possible way of defin…

total coherenceSettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica Matematicabregman divergencestrong dominanceconditional scoring rulesConditional probability assessments coherence penalty criterion proper scoring rules conditional scoring rules weak dominance strong dominance admissibility Bregman divergence g-coherence total coherence imprecise probability assessments.weak dominancestrong dominance; conditional probability assessments; imprecise probability assessments; gcoherence; proper scoring rules; bregman divergence; weak dominance; coherence; imprecise probability assessments.; admissibility; g-coherence; penalty criterion; conditional scoring rules; total coherencepenalty criteriongcoherenceproper scoring rulescoherenceconditional probability assessmentsg-coherenceimprecise probability assessmentsadmissibility
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