Search results for "Atlanti"
showing 10 items of 341 documents
Evolutionary redesign of the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) Toll-like receptor repertoire by gene losses and expansions
2016
AbstractGenome sequencing of the teleost Atlantic cod demonstrated loss of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II, an extreme gene expansion of MHC class I and gene expansions and losses in the innate pattern recognition receptor (PRR) family of Toll-like receptors (TLR). In a comparative genomic setting, using an improved version of the genome, we characterize PRRs in Atlantic cod with emphasis on TLRs demonstrating the loss of TLR1/6, TLR2 and TLR5 and expansion of TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, TLR22 and TLR25. We find that Atlantic cod TLR expansions are strongly influenced by diversifying selection likely to increase the detectable ligand repertoire through neo- and subfunctionalizatio…
2017
Adaptation to local conditions is a fundamental process in evolution; however, mechanisms maintaining local adaptation despite high gene flow are still poorly understood. Marine ecosystems provide a wide array of diverse habitats that frequently promote ecological adaptation even in species characterized by strong levels of gene flow. As one example, populations of the marine fish Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) are highly connected due to immense dispersal capabilities but nevertheless show local adaptation in several key traits. By combining population genomic analyses based on 12K single nucleotide polymorphisms with larval dispersal patterns inferred using a biophysical ocean model, we show…
Trans-oceanic genomic divergence of Atlantic cod ecotypes is associated with large inversions
2017
Chromosomal rearrangements such as inversions can play a crucial role in maintaining polymorphism underlying complex traits and contribute to the process of speciation. In Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), inversions of several megabases have been identified that dominate genomic differentiation between migratory and nonmigratory ecotypes in the Northeast Atlantic. Here, we show that the same genomic regions display elevated divergence and contribute to ecotype divergence in the Northwest Atlantic as well. The occurrence of these inversions on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean reveals a common evolutionary origin, predating the >100 000-year-old trans-Atlantic separation of Atlantic cod. The long…
Carbon isotope stratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, and 40Ar/39Ar age of the Cretaceous South Atlantic coast, Namibe Basin, Angola
2014
This publication results from Projecto PaleoAngola, an international cooperative research effort among the contributing authors and their institutions, funded by the National Geographic Society, the Petroleum Research Fund of the American Chemical Society, Sonangol E.P., Esso Angola, Fundacao Vida of Angola, LS Films, Maersk, Damco, Safmarine, ISEM at SMU, The Royal Dutch Embassy in Luanda, TAP Airlines, Royal Dutch Airlines, The Saurus Institute, and the Perot Museum of Nature and Science. JS was additionally funded by Yale University and the Alfred Kordelin Foundation. We dedicate this contribution to the late Kalunga Lima, our friend and colleague in Projecto PaleoAngola. We thank Margar…
Photochemical mineralization of terrigenous DOC to dissolved inorganic carbon in ocean
2018
When terrigenous dissolved organic carbon (tDOC) rich in chromophoric dissolved organic matter (tCDOM) enters the ocean, solar radiation mineralizes it partially into dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). This study addresses the amount and the rates of DIC photoproduction from tDOC and the area of ocean required to photomineralize tDOC. We collected water samples from 10 major rivers, mixed them with artificial seawater, and irradiated them with simulated solar radiation to measure DIC photoproduction and the photobleaching of tCDOM. The linear relationship between DIC photoproduction and tCDOM photobleaching was used to estimate the amount of photoproduced DIC from the tCDOM fluxes of the stu…
Arvovallan ja vakauden puolesta : Jugoslavian hajoaminen Ranskan parlametin keskusteluissa vuosina 1991-1995
2013
Tässä tutkimuksessa perehdytään niihin tulkintoihin, joita Ranskan parlamentissa esitettiin vuosina 1991–1995 Jugoslavian hajoamista seuranneeseen konfliktiin liittyen sekä siihen, miten tulkinnoista muodostui Ranskan sisäpoliittinen kysymys. Hallitukselle esitetyistä kysymyksistä on muodostunut tärkeä parlamentaarinen instrumentti, jonka avulla parlamentaarikoiden on mahdollista pakottaa haluamansa aiheet osaksi valtiopäivätyöskentelyä. Ensisijaisen tutkimusaineiston muodostavatkin Ranskan parlamentin istuntopöytäkirjoista löytyvät hallitukselle esitetyt kysymykset, joita täydentävät (entistä) Jugoslaviaa koskevat hallituksen tiedonannot. Aineistoa lähestytään noudattamalla Quentin Skinner…
Parasite fauna and community structure of bathydemersal fishes: Notacanthus bonaparte (Osteichthyes), Etmopterus spinax and Deania profundorum (Chond…
2017
Resumen El mar profundo es el mayor bioma de la tierra y el menos estudiado (Ramirez-Llodra et al. 2010). Si bien inicialmente el mar profundo se consideró como un ambiente muy estable con variaciones muy leves por debajo de la termoclina permanente, los estudios realizados en las últimas décadas indican que el mar profundo es un ambiente más dinámico de lo que se pensaba (Gage 2003, Ramirez-Llodra et al. 2010). La variabilidad natural de los procesos que tiene lugar en los hábitats del mar profundo tiene su origen en diferentes factores entre los que se encuentran las corrientes horizontales de masas de agua de grandes dimensiones dirigidas por las corrientes circunglobales, las cuales pue…
Anulación del privacy shield en las transferencias internacionales de datos : ¿presenciamos un desplazamiento fáctico de la responsabilidad?
2021
This study provides a comprehensive analysis of international transfers of personal data to third countries or international organizations due to new privacy regulation. More specifically, it analyzes the effects on this regulatory scheme of the annulment of the Privacy Shield in the transatlantic information movements between the European Union and the United States and how this implies, in fact, a transfer of responsibility to the controller
Deep-Sea Bioluminescence Blooms after Dense Water Formation at the Ocean Surface
2013
The deep ocean is the largest and least known ecosystem on Earth. It hosts numerous pelagic organisms, most of which are able to emit light. Here we present a unique data set consisting of a 2.5-year long record of light emission by deep-sea pelagic organisms, measured from December 2007 to June 2010 at the ANTARES underwater neutrino telescope in the deep NW Mediterranean Sea, jointly with synchronous hydrological records. This is the longest continuous time-series of deep-sea bioluminescence ever recorded. Our record reveals several weeks long, seasonal bioluminescence blooms with light intensity up to two orders of magnitude higher than background values, which correlate to changes in th…