Search results for "Atmosphere"
showing 10 items of 673 documents
Volcanic gas emissions and degassing dynamics at Ubinas and Sabancaya volcanoes; implications for the volatile budget of the central volcanic zone
2017
Abstract Emission of volcanic gas is thought to be the dominant process by which volatiles transit from the deep earth to the atmosphere. Volcanic gas emissions, remain poorly constrained, and volcanoes of Peru are entirely absent from the current global dataset. In Peru, Sabancaya and Ubinas volcanoes are by far the largest sources of volcanic gas. Here, we report the first measurements of the compositions and fluxes of volcanic gases emitted from these volcanoes. The measurements were acquired in November 2015. We determined an average SO 2 flux of 15.3 ± 2.3 kg s − 1 (1325-ton day − 1 ) at Sabancaya and of 11.4 ± 3.9 kg s − 1 (988-ton day − 1 ) at Ubinas using scanning ultraviolet spectr…
High-Resolution Spectroscopy and Preliminary Global Analysis of C–H Stretching Vibrations of C2H4 in the 3000 and 6000 cm-1 Regions
2010
International audience; Ethylene (ethene, H2C=CH2) is a naturally occurring compound in ambient air that affects atmospheric chemistry and global climate. The C2H4 spectrum is available in databases only for the 1000 and 3000 cm−1 ranges. In this work, the ethylene absorption spectrum was measured in the 6030- 6250 cm−1 range with the use of a high resolution Bruker IFS 125HR Fourierspectrometer and a two-channel opto-acoustic spectrometer with a diode laser. As a secondary standard of wavelengths, the methane absorption spectrum was used in both cases. A preliminary analysis was realized thanks to the tensorial formalism developed by the Dijon group that is implemented in the XTDS software…
The 90-day oscillations of Jupiter’s Great Red Spot revisited
2000
Abstract We have analyzed a large set of ground-based CCD images covering the period from 1993 to early 1999, to address the current status and behavior of the 90-day longitudinal oscillations of the Jovian Great Red Spot (GRS). The good temporal sampling of these data have been complemented with a small set of high resolution Hubble Space Telescope images. The average zonal velocity of the GRS from 1994 to 1998 was −3.8 ms−1 with extreme values of −2.4 and −4.2 ms−1 in 1993–1994 resulting from the interactions with nearby features. Our study confirms the existence of the longitudinal oscillations with a mean period of 89.8±0.15 days and an amplitude of 1.2±0.7°. The oscillations survived t…
Latvijas ūdeņu vides pētījumi un aizsardzība: LU Bioloģijas fakultātes Bioloģijas sekcijas referātu tēžu krājums (Rīga, 2013. gada 18. februāris)
2013
Latvijas Universitātes 71. zinātniskās konferences Bioloģijas sekcijas sēde (Rīga, 2013. gada 18. februāris) veltīta Prof. Heinriha Skujas 120. dzimšanas dienai.
Comparison of downscaling techniques for high resolution soil moisture mapping
2017
Soil moisture impacts exchanges of water, energy and carbon fluxes between the land surface and the atmosphere. Passive microwave remote sensing at L-band can capture spatial and temporal patterns of soil moisture in the landscape. Both ESA and NASA have launched L-band radiometers, in the form of the SMOS and SMAP satellites respectively, to monitor soil moisture globally, every 3-day at about 40 km resolution. However, their coarse scale restricts the range of applications. While SMAP included an L-band radar to downscale the radiometer soil moisture to 9 km, the radar failed after 3 months and this initial approach is not applicable to developing a consistent long term soil moisture prod…
CHILDHOOD ADVERSITIES AND HOME ATMOSPHERE AS DETERMINANTS OF DISABILITY AND UNEMPLOYMENT PENSION
2017
Childhood adversities have been linked with adverse life events, but less is known about the long-term effects of childhood home atmosphere in terms of work career. We investigated whether childhood adversities and home atmosphere were associated with disability or unemployment pension. In the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study (born 1934–44), 2001 cohort members had data available on 9 childhood home atmosphere items e.g. whether it was supportive or warm (sum score 0–36, higher score indicating more favorable atmosphere), and 9 childhood adversities e.g. unemployment, parent’s long-term illness or divorce (sum score 0–9, coded into no; one; and two or more) assessed in 2001–04. Of those, 1528 ha…
Tulkinnallinen horjuvuus ja affektit
2013
Ambiguous Meanings and Affects – Death in Monika Fagerholm’s The American Girl and The Glitter Scene The article focuses on the deaths that take place in Monika Fagerholm’s novels The American Girl (2005) and The Glitter Scene (2009). The viewpoint to the novels is that of affects. The theore¬tical framework derives from the French philosopher Gilles Deleuze (1925–1995) who is one of the best-known 20th century philosophers of affect. Firstly, the article discusses the ways in which the deaths affect the characters of the novels. Attention is paid especially to the central character called Doris Flinkenberg. She is strongly affected by the deaths that have taken place in the District where …
A Simultaneous Observation of Lightning by ASIM, Colombia-Lightning Mapping Array, GLM, and ISS-LIS
2021
The Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor (ASIM) on the International Space Station (ISS) provides optical radiances and images of lightning flashes in several spectral bands. This work presents a lightning flash simultaneously observed from space by ASIM, the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) and the Lightning Imaging Sensor on the International Space Station (ISS-LIS); and from ground by the Colombia-Lightning Mapping Array (Colombia-LMA). Volumetric weather radar provides reflectivity data to help to interpret the effects of the cloud particles on the observed optical features. We found that surges in radiance in the band at 777.4 nm appear to be related mostly with lightning processe…
Interfacial photochemistry of biogenic surfactants: a major source of abiotic volatile organic compounds
2017
Films of biogenic compounds exposed to the atmosphere are ubiquitously found on the surfaces of cloud droplets, aerosol particles, buildings, plants, soils and the ocean. These air/water interfaces host countless amphiphilic compounds concentrated there with respect to in bulk water, leading to a unique chemical environment. Here, photochemical processes at the air/water interface of biofilm-containing solutions were studied, demonstrating abiotic VOC production from authentic biogenic surfactants under ambient conditions. Using a combination of online-APCI-HRMS and PTR-ToF-MS, unsaturated and functionalized VOCs were identified and quantified, giving emission fluxes comparable to previous …
The Hamburg/ESO R-process Enhanced Star survey (HERES):XI. The highly r-process-enhanced star CS 29497-004
2017
We report an abundance analysis for the highly r-process-enhanced (r-II) star CS 29497-004, a very metal-poor giant with Teff = 5013K and [Fe/H]=-2.85, whose nature was initially discovered in the course of the HERES project. Our analysis is based on high signal-to-noise, high-resolution (R~75000) VLT/UVES spectra and MARCS model atmospheres under the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium, and obtains abundance measurements for a total of 46 elements, 31 of which are neutron-capture elements. As is the case for the other 25 r-II stars currently known, the heavy-element abundance pattern of CS 29497-004 well-matches a scaled Solar System second peak r-process-element abundance patter…