Search results for "Attention"

Opiskelijan huomion kiinnittyminen simulaation aikana fysiikan oppitunnilla : silmänliiketutkimus autenttisessa ympäristössä

2017

Tässä pro gradu -tutkielmassa tutkittiin opiskelijan huomion kohdetta lukion fysiikan tunnilla. Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin, vastaako opiskelijan visuaalinen huomio opettajan antamia vihjeitä, kun opettaja opettaa luokassa yhteisesti simulaation avulla. Aineiston kerääminen toteutettiin Tobii Pro Glasses 2 -katseenseurantalaseilla ja SRI-haastattelun avulla ja datan analysointiin käytettiin Microsoft Excel -ohjelmistoa. Luotettavuuden arviointiin käytettiin vertauskoodausta. Tutkimustuloksena oli, että opiskelija seuraa opettajan antamia vihjeitä suurimman osan simulaatio-opetuksen ajasta. Opiskelija katsoi 60 % ajasta sinne, minne opettaja haluaa opiskelijoiden katsovan ja 41 % ajasta opete…

Professional vision in the classroom: Teachers’ knowledge-based reasoning explaining their visual focus of attention to students

2023

This study investigated Grade 2 teachers' (N = 50) professional vision through eye-tracking methodology and retrospective think-aloud interviews. The study examined the extent to which teachers' knowledge-based reasoning explains their visual focus of attention to whole class and individual students. We found that teachers' descriptions of students' social relations and emotions associated positively with teachers' visual focus of attention to the whole class. Teachers' descriptions of teacher-related information/elaboration and pedagogy linked negatively with teachers' visual focus of attention to individual students. The findings suggest that teachers' visual focus of attention to student…

ADHD in the context of Finnish basic education

2014

Students with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are a growing group served under special education services in many western societies. This article describes the history and current state of the services, as well as the assessment procedure. Our conclusion is that the status of students with ADHD in Finnish basic education (Grades 1 to 9) is still unclear. Based on the comparison of the prevalence and the population served in special education we can assume that this group is probably underserved in the Finnish school system. We also present findings from two recent studies among families with ADHD children in Finland. Family viewpoint can contribute to our knowledge and under…

Threatening information in social phobia : inadequate self, social evaluation and the effect of task repetition

2002

Modulation of attention by socio-emotional scenes in children with autism spectrum disorder

2017

Background: Abnormal attentional processes to socially relevant information may underlie social impairment in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). To examine how these processes are modulated by the emotional salience of the stimuli, we studied the attentional biases to social scenes (happy, sad, and threatening) in ASD children. Method: An emotional dot-probe task was applied to children (from 6 to 12 years old) with Autism Spectrum Disorder without additional language and/or intellectual impairments (ASD; n=25) and age/sex-matched controls (n=25). Results: ASD children showed an attentional bias toward threatening scenes while typically developing children tended to direct their attention towa…

2019

Abstract Frequency tagging has been widely used to study the role of visual selective attention. Presenting a visual stimulus flickering at a specific frequency generates so-called steady-state visually evoked responses. However, frequency tagging is mostly done at lower frequencies (

Emotional modulation of the attentional blink and the relation to interpersonal reactivity

2013

The extent of the attentional blink effect on detection rates in rapid serial visual presentations is modulated by the emotionality of the stimuli. Emotionally salient stimuli are detected more often, even if presented in the attentional blink period, and elicit an enlarged P3 response, which has been interpreted as enhanced consolidation. This effect correlates with individual differences in trait affectivity such as anxiety or dysphoria. Here, we ask if it is also related to the capacity to detect emotions in others, i.e., to interpersonal social traits. We therefore presented emotional and neutral images depicting social scenes as targets in an attentional blink design and measured detec…

2017

Prismatic adaption (PA) has been proposed as a tool to induce neural plasticity and is used to help neglect rehabilitation. It leads to a recalibration of visuomotor coordination during pointing as well as to aftereffects on a number of sensorimotor and attention tasks, but whether these effects originate at a motor or attentional level remains a matter of debate. Our aim was to further characterize PA aftereffects by using an approach that allows distinguishing between effects on attentional and motor processes. We recorded EEG in healthy human participants (9 females and 7 males) while performing a new double step, anticipatory attention/motor preparation paradigm before and after adaptat…

Visual attention while solving the test of understanding graphs in kinematics: an eye-tracking analysis

2019

This study used eye-tracking to capture students' visual attention while taking a test of understanding graphs in kinematics (TUG-K). A total of N = 115 upper-secondary-level students from Germany and Switzerland took the 26-item multiple-choice instrument after learning about kinematics graphs in the regular classroom. Besides choosing the correct alternative among research-based distractors, the students were required to judge their response confidence for each question. The items were presented sequentially on a computer screen equipped with a remote eye tracker, resulting in a set of approx. 3000 paired responses (accuracy and confidence) and about 40 h of eye-movement data (approx. 500…

Cross-Frequency Coupling in Developmental Perspective

2019

It is generally assumed that different electroencephalogram (EEG) frequency bands are somehow related to different computational modes in the brain. Integration of these computational modes is reflected in the phenomenon of cross-frequency coupling (CFC). On slow temporal scales, CFC may reflect trait-like properties, which posits a question of its developmental trends. This is the first study that explored source-level CFC measures in a developmental perspective using both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs. CFC measures demonstrated good test-retest stability and proved to be higher in adults in cortical areas participating in sensory-motor integration, response inhibition, and atte…