Search results for "Atypical"
showing 10 items of 111 documents
Clinical relevance of myocardial bridging detected by coronary CT angiography in patients with atypical chest pain
2019
The use of ziprasidone in clinical practice: Analysis of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects from data of a drug monitoring survey
2008
AbstractThis study related clinical effects to daily doses and serum concentrations of ziprasidone by retrospective analysis of data from a therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) survey established for patients treated with the new antipsychotic drug. In the total sample of 463 patients ziprasidone doses ranged between 20 and 320 mg/d and correlated significantly (r2 = 0.093, P < 0.01) with serum concentrations. The latter were highly variable within and between individual patients (between patients median 67 ng/ml, 25–75th percentile 40–103 ng/ml). Pharmacokinetic interactions with comedication played a minor role. According to the clinical global impressions (CGI) scale most of the 348 pati…
Pharmacodynamic effects of aripiprazole and ziprasidone with respect to p-glycoprotein substrate properties.
2013
Introduction Aripiprazole, an atypical antipsychotic drug with mixed antagonism and agonism on dopamine D2 and serotonin receptors, is a substrate of the efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Here we tested the pharmacodynamic consequences of these properties in a P-gp deficient mouse model by studying the effects of aripiprazole and of ziprasidone on motor coordination. Methods The motor behaviour of wild-type (WT) and P-gp deficient [abcb1ab(-/-)] mice was investigated on a RotaRod. Mice received acute injections of either aripirazole or ziprasidone. For comparison, the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol and serotonin receptor ligands buspirone and ketanserin were also applied. …
Clozapine: Strong antiaggressive effects with minimal motor impairment
1992
Abstract Clinical studies have shown clozapine to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenia and associated with an extremely low incidence of extrapiramidal side effects. Diverse studies indicate that clozapine is an atypical neuroleptic with a preferential activity on the mesolimbic structures and a lower affinity for striatal D2 receptors than the classical antipsychotics. The purpose of this study was to assess the behavioral properties of clozapine, especially its effects on aggressive and motor behaviors. Individually housed male mice of the OF1 strain were exposed to anosmic “standard opponents” 30 minutes after the last drug administration. One category of animals received a sin…
h-caldesmon immunoreactivity in atypical fibroxanthoma: implications for the differential diagnosis.
2017
Rufinamide in children and adults with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: first Italian multicenter experience
2010
This is the first multicenter Italian experience with rufinamide as an adjunctive drug in children, adolescents and adults with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. The patients were enrolled in a prospective, add-on, open-label treatment study from 11 Italian centers for children and adolescent epilepsy care. Forty-three patients (26 males, 17 females), aged between 4 and 34 years (mean 15.9 ± 7.3, median 15.0), were treated with rufinamide for a mean period of 12.3 months (range 3-21 months). Twenty patients were diagnosed as cryptogenic and 23 as symptomatic. Rufinamide was added to the baseline therapy at the starting dose of 10mg/kg body weight, evenly divided in two daily doses and then increased…
Dynamics of complement activation in aHUS and how to monitor eculizumab therapy.
2014
Atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome (aHUS) is associated with genetic complement abnormalities/anti–complement factor H antibodies, which paved the way to treatment with eculizumab. We studied 44 aHUS patients and their relatives to (1) test new assays of complement activation, (2) verify whether such abnormality occurs also in unaffected mutation carriers, and (3) search for a tool for eculizumab titration. An abnormal circulating complement profile (low C3, high C5a, or SC5b-9) was found in 47% to 64% of patients, irrespective of disease phase. Acute aHUS serum, but not serum from remission, caused wider C3 and C5b-9 deposits than control serum on unstimulated human microvascular endotheli…
Pharmacodynamic consequences of P-glycoprotein-dependent pharmacokinetics of risperidone and haloperidol in mice
2008
Efflux transporters, like P-glycoprotein (P-gp), may limit the access of drugs to the brain via the blood-brain barrier. The antipsychotic drug risperidone and its active metabolite 9-hydroxyrisperidone (paliperidone) are substrates of P-gp. Motor behavior of P-gp deficient mice (mdr1a/1b (-/-, -/-)) and wild type animals on a rotarod after acute doses of risperidone or haloperidol, a nonsubstrate of P-gp, were analysed aiming to show that P-gp substrate properties of an antipsychotic drug have functional consequences. Behavioral tests revealed dose-dependent effects of 0.3-3 mg/kg risperidone in wild type animals 0.5-12 h after i.p. injection of the drug. In knockout mice the 0.3 mg/kg dos…
Resolution of enuresis with aripiprazole in children with psychiatric disorders: two case reports
2021
Abstract Background Aripiprazole is a third-generation atypical antipsychotic drug that acts as a stabilizer of the dopaminergic and serotonergic system. As partial agonist of the dopamine (D2) and serotonin (5-HT1A) receptors, it appears to be effective in reducing mania in patients with bipolar disorder, tics in Tourette Syndrome, aggression in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder. Enuresis has been reported among its side effects. Only a few studies, with conflicting results, have investigated the relationship between aripiprazole and enuresis. Case presentation We report the disappearance of enuresis in a Caucasian girl with intellectual disability and oppositional defiant disorde…
Typical Kawasaki disease with atypical pneumonia: a paediatric case report.
2020
Patients with complete Kawasaki disease (KD), in approximately 10–20% of cases, fail to defervesce with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) infusion and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) (1–5). Failure is u...