Search results for "Auditory"
showing 10 items of 568 documents
The Time Course of Emotional Responses to Music
2005
Two empirical studies investigate the time course of emotional responses to music. In the first one, musically trained and untrained listeners were required to listen to 27 musical excerpts and to group those that conveyed a similar emotional meaning. In one condition, the excerpts were 25 seconds long on average. In the other condition, excerpts were as short as 1 second. The groupings were then transformed into a matrix of emotional dissimilarity that was analyzed with multidimensional scaling methods (MDS). We compared the outcome of these analyses for the 25-s and 1-s duration conditions. In the second study, we presented musical excerpts of increasing duration, varying from 250 to 20 s…
Audiologic profile of OSAS and simple snoring patients: the effect of chronic nocturnal intermittent hypoxia on auditory function
2016
The objective of this work was to study the effect of nocturnal intermittent hypoxia on auditory function of simple snoring patients and subjects affected by OSAS; we compared the audiologic profile with the severity of OSAS to detect early signs of cochlear damage. One hundred-sixty patients underwent overnight polysomnography, micro-otoscopy, multi-frequency audiometry, acufenometry, TEOAE recording and d-ROMs test. All subjects were divided in four groups, based on presence/absence of AHI (simple snoring without OSAS, mild OSAS, moderate OSAS, severe OSAS). Sixty (37.5 %) patients were not affected by OSAS, 58 (36.25 %) presented a mild OSAS, 18 (11.25 %) a moderate OSAS and 24 (15 %) a …
Wearing glasses to hear differently? Aftereffects of visuomanual prismatic adaptation on auditory perception
2022
Sensorimotor plasticity is defined as the ability to produce an appropriate motor response face to environmental or bodily changes. The classical experimental paradigm to study sensorimotor plasticity is prism adaptation, which consists of pointing to visual targets while wearing prisms that shift the visual field laterally or vertically. Its aftereffects are not restricted to sensorimotor behavior but extend to sensorial modalities not directly involved during prism exposition, such as audition. There exists a mental representation of auditory frequencies in which low auditory frequencies are associated with the left part of space and high auditory frequencies with the right part of space.…
Rapid nucleus-scale reorganization of chromatin in neurons enables transcriptional adaptation for memory consolidation
2020
AbstractThe interphase nucleus is functionally organized in active and repressed territories defining the transcriptional status of the cell. However, it remains poorly understood how the nuclear architecture of neurons adapts in response to behaviorally relevant stimuli that trigger fast alterations in gene expression patterns. Imaging of fluorescently tagged nucleosomes revealed that pharmacological manipulation of neuronal activity in vitro and auditory cued fear conditioning in vivo induce nucleus-scale restructuring of chromatin within minutes. Furthermore, the acquisition of auditory fear memory is impaired after infusion of a drug into auditory cortex which blocks chromatin reorganiz…
A Semiotic Approach to the Design of Non-speech Sounds
2006
In the field of auditory display there is currently a lack of theoretical support for the design of non-speech sounds as elements of a user interface. Sound design methods are often based on ad hoc choices or the personal preferences of the designer. A method is proposed in this paper based on a semiotic approach to the design of non-speech sounds. In this approach, the design process is conceptualised by referring to structural semiotics, acknowledging the unique qualities of non-speech sounds, as a mode of conveying information. This method is based on a rich use scenario presented to a design panel. A case study where the design method has been applied is presented and evaluated. Finally…
The origins of the aesthetic enjoyment of music - A review of the literature
2009
Listeners attribute a positive or negative value to music. This aesthetic experience is known to be observable over the individuals’ entire life span, from early childhood to old age, and in every culture. It is then often concluded that such an aesthetic experience constitutes part of the human nature, having an important biological foundation. This assumption leads to the question of how aesthetic experience of music originated in the biological evolution. In this paper, we will explore this question in the light of evolutionary psychology, cognitive science, and systems neuroscience. After reviewing the existing proposals, we conclude that the explanation of the origin of aesthetic expe…
On the Function of the Spiral Prominence
1967
The suppression of hematic circulation of the internal auditory artery of a guinea-pig causes the necrosis of all anatomic formations of the cochlear duct, with the exception of the organ of Corti of the vestibular segment. The author confirms his hypothesis about the origin of the cochlear endolymph and thinks that the prominence provides the vegetative life of the organ of Corti.
Panel Summary: Plasticity and Reconfigurability in Sensory Systems
1997
Natural neural network are highly plastic in structure and function and may adapt to long lasting environmental changes. Plasticity and adaptation are not confined to lower level of processing, or to lower vertebrates, but also at the higher levels of visual processing in higher vertebrates are highly dynamic and perform considerable spatial integration. There are numerous influences that play a role in the functional architecture of the retina and the, cortex, the dynamics of the outside environment, the context within which a feature is presented, the history of previous visual stimulation and attention or expectation. The brief report on the visual system is integrated by the report of G…
Vitamin A deficiency increases noise susceptibility in guinea pigs.
1990
The effect of vitamin A deficiency in guinea pigs on noise-induced temporary threshold shift (TTS) was evaluated after short (15 min) acoustic overstimulation with a moderate (90 dB) broad-band white noise. Some guinea pigs were fed ad libitum a purified diet deficient in vitamin A (VAD group) until biochemical signs of deficiency occurred. A second, control group (VA group) received the same diet as well as 100 IU vitamin A daily by pharyngeal tube. Cochlear potentials were recorded by special computerized equipment using implanted electrodes. Before acoustic stimulation, a baseline value was determined with a test stimulus [90 dBA (A-filter according to usual DIN instructions)] correspond…
Ascorbic acid reduces noise-induced nitric oxide production in the guinea pig ear.
2008
Objectives: Noise-induced hearing loss can be caused, among other causes, by increased nitric oxide (NO) production in the inner ear leading to nitroactive stress and cell destruction. Some studies in the literature suggest that the degree of hearing loss (HL) could be reduced in an animal model through ascorbic acid supplementation. To identify the effect of ascorbic acid on tissue-dependent NO content in the inner ear of the guinea pig, we determined the local NO production in the organ of Corti and the lateral wall separately 6 hours after noise exposure. Study Design: Prospective animal study in guinea pigs. Methods: Over a period of 7 days, male guinea pigs were supplied with minimum (…