Search results for "Austen"

Passivation-Induced Physicochemical Alterations of the Native Surface Oxide Film on 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel

2019

Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, in situ Photo-Current Spectroscopy and electrochemical analysis were combined to characterize the physicochemical alterations induced by electrochemical passivation of the surface oxide film providing corrosion resistance to 316L stainless steel. The as-prepared surface is covered by a ~2 nm thick, mixed (Cr(III)-Fe(III)) and bi-layered hydroxylated oxide. The inner layer is highly enriched in Cr(III) and the outer layer less so. Molybdenum is concentrated, mostly as Mo(VI), in the outer layer. Nickel is only present at trace level. These inner and outer layers have band gap values of 3.0 and 2.6-2.7 eV, respe…

Repassivation of the damage generated by cavitation on UNS N08031 in a LiBr solution by means of electrochemical techniques and Confocal Laser Scanni…

2010

Abstract The objective of this work is to study the influence of cavitation on the corrosion behaviour of Alloy 31, a highly-alloyed austenitic stainless steel (UNS N08031), in a LiBr heavy brine solution (992 g/L) at 25 °C. The presence of cavitation shifted the OCP value towards the active direction by 708 mVAg/AgCl, increased anodic current densities and passivation current density, ip, and reduced the pitting potential, Ep. Repassivation behaviour of Alloy 31 has been investigated by using potentiostatic tests at different potentials. The current density transient obtained after interrupting cavitation was used to obtain the repassivation index, n, provided by the slope of the log i(t) …

Passive Behavior and Passivity Breakdown of AISI 304 in LiBr Solutions through Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy

2014

The passive behavior and passivity breakdown of AISI 304 stainless steel in LiBr solutions has been investigated by means of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). The sample generation - tip collection (SG-TC) mode was used to operate the SECM and the tip potential was biased to detect the electroactive species. The evolution of the current at the ultramicroelectrode tip with the applied potential within the passive range was followed at different LiBr concentrations. Results show that the absolute value of the current at the tip increases with the applied potential. Additionally, SECM was also used to detect stable pits formed on the stainless steel surface in a 0.2 M LiBr solution. …

Corrosion of stainless steel in food and pharmaceutical industry

2021

Abstract Stainless steels are widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industry because of their high corrosion resistance and superior mechanical properties. These features are crucial because produced foodstuffs and drugs must comply with high purity and quality standards. Just a proper selection of stainless steel grade can prevent corrosion phenomena that can be detrimental to the whole manufacturing process. Food/drugs production process phases will be here analyzed and discussed with a particular emphasis on the possible corrosion mechanism of stainless steels in those particular operating conditions. Recent advances on the methods to assess corrosion of stainless steels in food and…

Parametric study of laser welding of copper to austenitic stainless steel

2018

Abstract Welding of copper to stainless steel is challenging because of sharp difference in thermophysical properties of materials and the presence of miscibility gap in Fe-Cu system. The parametric study of continuous Yb:YAG laser welding between copper and austenitic stainless steel 316L has been performed. The influence of laser power, welding speed and beam offset from joint line on weld composition, microstructure and tensile properties was studied. The corrosion behaviour of the welds was evaluated in 0.1M NaCl with the potentiostatic pulse testing method, salt fog and immersion tests. In function of copper dilution in the melted zone, different types of microstructure were observed: …

“There is something very pompous in his style”: an analysis of Mr Collins’ social missteps in Pride and Prejudice

2019

Kandidaatin tutkielmani käsittelee Jane Austenin rakastettua romaania Ylpeyttä ja Ennakkoluuloa (Pride and Prejudice) ja erityisesti siinä esiintyvää sivuhahmoa, Mr Collinsia. Tavoitteeni oli selvittää, miksi sekä lukijat että kirjassa olevat hahmot yleisesti pitävät kyseistä hahmoa samanaikaisesti sietämättömänä sekä huvittavana. Keskityin siis löytämään mahdollisia kohteliaisuusrikkomuksia sekä niiden seurauksia Mr Collinsin ja muiden hahmojen dialogeista. Nämä rikkomukset selittävät hahmon huonon vastaanoton. Analysoin kolmea tärkeää kohtausta, joissa erityisesti korostuivat Mr Collinsin ja muiden hahmojen väliset väärinymmärrykset sekä Mr Collinsin aiheuttamat kiusalliset tilanteet. Näi…

Investigation of precipitate in an austenitic ODS steel containing a carbon-rich process control agent

2018

This work has been carried out within the framework of the German Helmholtz Association and has received funding from the topic “Materials Research for the Future Energy Supply”. The work of M. Parish and Rainer Ziegler is gratefully acknowledged. Thanks are also due to the team of the chemical laboratory at the KIT for performing the chemical analysis. The help of the beamline staff at ELETTRA (project 20140052 ) synchrotron radiation facility is acknowledged. We acknowledge support by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and Open Access Publishing Fund of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology.

CORROSION RESISTANCE OF DIFFERENT STAINLESS STEEL GRADES IN FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRY

2020

Multiscale modeling of polycrystalline materials: A boundary element approach to material degradation and fracture

2015

Abstract In this work, a two-scale approach to degradation and failure in polycrystalline materials is proposed. The formulation involves the engineering component level (macro-scale) and the material grain level (micro-scale). The macro-continuum is modeled using a three-dimensional boundary element formulation in which the presence of damage is formulated through an initial stress approach to account for the local softening in the neighborhood of points experiencing degradation at the micro-scale. The microscopic degradation is explicitly modeled by associating Representative Volume Elements (RVEs) to relevant points of the macro continuum, for representing the polycrystalline microstruct…

Amor indecible

2019

Ensayo del libro On Declaring Love. Eighteenth-Century Literature and Jane Austen de Fred Parker. Londres y Nueva York, Routledge, 2019 “Este ensayo forma parte de un proyecto financiado por el Consejo Europeo de Investigación(ERC)en el marco del Programa de Investigación e Innovación Horizonte 2020 de la Unión Europea (Número de concesión 787015)”. Convocatoria: ERC-2017-ADG