Search results for "Autism."
showing 10 items of 454 documents
Exploring usability and accessibility of avatar-based touchless gestural interfaces for autistic people
2018
Many prior works investigated the potential of pervasive technologies and interactive applications to increase access capabilities to digital content for people with disability, particularly Neuro-Developmental Disorders (NDDs). In this paper, we present an exploratory study aimed at understanding if an avatar-based touchless gestural interface is able to foster interest towards digital representations of artworks, e.g. paintings or sculptures usually exhibited in museums, and to make them more accessible for such people. In particular, the study involved three autistic people and a therapist, and allowed us to report the potential of an avatar to communicate the interactivity and stimulate…
EFFETTI DELLA TERAPIA MULTISISTEMICA IN ACQUA SULLE ABILITA’ GROSSOMOTORIE E COGNITIVE IN SOGGETTI CON DISTURBO DELLO SPETTRO AUTISTICO
2015
Lo scopo del presente studio è stato quello di studiare gli effetti della “terapia multisistemica in acqua” (TMA) sulle abilità grossomotorie e cognitive in bambini con disturbo dello spettro autistico. Le attività hanno coinvolto sei soggetti e si sono svolte attraverso la “pianificazione” di un intervento individualizzato e interpersonale volto a ridurre i sintomi e migliorare le capacità comunicative e relazionali del bambino avvalendosi degli ambienti strutturati delle piscine pubbliche. Dopo l’intervento terapeutico, i soggetti hanno mostrato un miglioramento del quoziente di sviluppo grosso-motorio e una modificazione degli schemi cognitivi, comportamentali, comunicativi ed emotivi. I…
New frontiers for psychology and education: Robotics
2004
The paper reviews the first attempts to study the educational and psychological usefulness of robotics: (1) the social and cooperative dimensions involved in the robot-building activities; (2) the reasoning strategies implied in building and programming robots; (3) the influences of robotics on mathematical and scientific achievement; (4) the use of robotics in modification of social skills of autistic children.
Discovery of recurring behavioural sequences in Wistar rat social activity: Possible support to studies on Autism Spectrum Disorders.
2017
This study was undertaken to investigate whether, in rat interactive activities, recurring sequences of behavioural events might be identified and how and to what extent each component of the pair is involved. To this aim, the multivariate temporal-pattern (t-pattern) analysis was applied to the social interactions of 9 pairs of male Wistar rats tested in open field. Interactive activities were classified into intra- and inter-subjects. Quantitative evaluations showed that intra-subject behavioural elements represented 62.37% and inter-subject ones 37.63% of the comprehensive behaviour. T-pattern analysis revealed the presence of 221 different t-patterns organized in four different categori…
Sensory perception in preschool children affected by autism spectrum disorder: A pilot study
2017
Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a behavioral syndrome caused by a developmental disorder, biologically determined, with onset in the first three years of life. The areas concerned are mainly those related to social communication, social interaction and mutual functional and symbolic play. In the last decades, different conceptions of autism have taken, also emphasizing different sensory-perceptual abnormalities as the basis of the central features of disorder. This pilot study intends to address the issue of sensory perception in preschool children affected by ASD. Material and methods: 11 ASD children were enrolled (7 males, 4 female) aged between 2.3 years and 4.6 years, (…
Sleep habits in children affected by autism spectrum disorders: A preliminary case-control study
2017
Introduction: The core of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) consists of alterations of neurological functions that affect the typical developmental trajectory leading to deficits in social interaction and non-verbal behaviors. In general, ASD is diagnosed at age three and many other frequent neurological signs may be present, such as sleep disorders. The aim of study is evaluating sleep habits in a sample of ASD children. Material and methods: The study population consists of 65 ASD children (43 males and 22 females), aged between 2 and 11 years (mean 5.73 ± 2.39 years). The control group consists of 114 children with typical development (68 males and 46 females), aged between 3 and 10 years …
Autonomic Regulation In Autism Spectrum Disorders
2017
Introduction: The sinactive developmental model provides suggests a different way for the brain study by observing the children behavior. In all neurodevelopmental disorders, we can observe autonomic alteration comprising sleep disorders, meal behaviour alteration and self-regulatory impairment. These alterations/impairment are very frequent in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) (1-12). Aim of the present preliminary study is the assessment of metabolic rate in children affected by ASD. Material s and methods. 5 males affected by ASD aged 7-10 years (mean age 6.73±3:39), were recruited. The average score at the ADOS scale was 12.24 (SD± 3.29). The control group consisted of 5 males typically d…
L'autismo visto altrove. Il bambino antenato dei propri genitori.
2008
Nel lavoro viene esaminata la particolare concezione che l'autismo assume nelle culture tradizionali dell'Africa sub-sahariana. In tale contesto il bimbo autistico non viene considerato come portatore di un disturbo ma, al contrario, come un essere che non ha voluto lasciare il luogo degli antenati e che parla la lingua degli avi. Viene quindi pensato come un bimbo speciale in grado di connettersi con il mondo dell'aldilà e quindi gode di privilegi e di rispetto particolare.
Copy number variations in the etiology of autism spectrum disorders
2013
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders, characterized by qualitative impairment in social interaction and communication and restricted, repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests and activities. They have a multifactorial etiology, but today different studies are showing the central role of genetics. Different genetic alterations were detected: chromosomal abnormalities, mutations, trinucleotide repeats and copy number variations (CNVs). Several studies identified many CNVs associated with ASDs and possible candidate genes, whose loss or gain could have a key role in the etiopathogenesis of these disorders. In particular, t…
INSIDIE DIAGNOSTICHE DELLA TROMBOSI VENOSA CEREBRALE: STORIA DI UN CASO CLINICO
2018
Introduzione: la trombosi venosa cerebrale (TVC) è una condizione rara, le manifestazioni sono spesso elusive, i primi reperti radiologici non d‘immediato riscontro e quindi trascurabili. La prognosi neurologica è variabile ma nell'80% dei casi è favorevole. Incidenza: 7 bambini milione/anno. Clinica: cefalea improvvisa, convulsioni, coma, alterazioni oculari i più frequenti. I fattori di rischio, in accordo con la triade di Virchow: trombofilia congenita o acquisita, danno endoteliale (es: flogosi, infezioni) e stasi del flusso sanguigno (es: policitemia). Diagnosi: anamnesi, esame obiettivo, Rm cerebrale, in alternativa eseguire la TC encefalo, se queste negative può essere utile un'angio…