Search results for "Autism."
showing 10 items of 454 documents
Análisis de estrategias organizativas y didácticas para la inclusión en primaria del alumnado con TEA
2023
La atención a la diversidad y el abordaje de la inclusión escolar constituyen una de las grandes preocupaciones del sistema educativo actual. Resulta imprescindible proporcionar una educación inclusiva y de calidad que se adapte a las demandas del alumnado con Necesidades Específicas de Apoyo Educativo y que asegure su presencia, su participación y su aprendizaje en los contextos ordinarios. Entre la múltiple y heterogénea diversidad existente, esta tesis doctoral se centra en el alumnado con Trastorno del Espectro del Autismo (TEA), por sus particulares características y las dificultades que muestran al enfrentarse al sistema educativo. El cometido que asume es analizar las estrategias org…
An interactional ‘live eye tracking’ study in autism spectrum disorder : combining qualitative and quantitative approaches in the study of gaze
2017
Recent studies on gaze behaviours in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have utilised “live eye tracking.” Such research has focused on generating quantitative eye tracking measurements, which provide limited (if any) qualitative contextual details of the actual interactions in which gaze occurs. This article presents a novel methodological approach that combines live eye tracking with qualitative interaction analysis, multimodally informed conversation analysis. Drawing on eye tracking and wide-angle video recordings, this combination renders visible some of the functions, or what gaze “does,” in interactional situations. The participants include three children with ASD and th…
Autism Spectrum Disorders: From Candidate Genes to Candidate Ontology Terms
2008
Genetic heterogeneity for a multifactorial disease such as autism would imply that any two patients are unlikely to share the same susceptibility loci. Since different susceptibility loci may affect the same function and since functions may be considered at different levels of analysis, the following question arises: at what phenotypic levels is convergence attained by different genes in autism ? This is an important question to answer in order to shed light on subcellular, cellular or multicellular structures and functions possibly involved in the pathogenesis of autism. Among the various attempts made to answer this question it is worth mentioning the use of the best available genetic inf…
Modulation of attention by socio-emotional scenes in children with autism spectrum disorder
2017
Background: Abnormal attentional processes to socially relevant information may underlie social impairment in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). To examine how these processes are modulated by the emotional salience of the stimuli, we studied the attentional biases to social scenes (happy, sad, and threatening) in ASD children. Method: An emotional dot-probe task was applied to children (from 6 to 12 years old) with Autism Spectrum Disorder without additional language and/or intellectual impairments (ASD; n=25) and age/sex-matched controls (n=25). Results: ASD children showed an attentional bias toward threatening scenes while typically developing children tended to direct their attention towa…
Social Cognition in Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Epilepsy
2021
Introduction: The purpose of our study was to perform a comparative analysis of social cognition in children and adolescents with epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), specific learning disorder (SLD) and in typical development (TD) controls. The secondary aim was to relate social cognition to some clinical and demographic characteristics.Methods: Our work is a transversal observational study. The recruits were 179 children and adolescents aged between 6 and 18 years diagnosed with epilepsy, ASD, or SLD and 32 subjects with TD. All the participants underwent neuropsychological assessment of Emotion Recognition (ER) and Theory of Mind (ToM) skills.Results: All three clinical groups perfo…
Autism spectrum disorder in Italy: demand for an integrated epidemiological surveillance system.
2016
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental syndrome of emerging public health concern, according to a documented significant increase of diagnosed cases of ASD in Europe and USA. In Italy, actually, it is not possible to estimate at national level a reliable ASD occurrence by using existing health and scholastic data flows. The lack of information has implications on social and healthcare services dedicated to subjects affected by ADS. The database of the Italian institute in charge of social and security assistance was accessed at the provincial level to investigate the ASD cases occurred in the Palermo province. The official reports of all subjects visited in 2013 by I…
A Preliminary Study on Photic Driving in the Electroencephalogram of Children with Autism across a Wide Cognitive and Behavioral Range.
2022
Intermittent photic stimulation (IPS) is a useful technique in electroencephalography (EEG) to investigate the neurophysiological anomalies of brain activity. Although not an active task, IPS has also been explored in ASD; it is thought to capture local potential oscillators at specific frequencies and perhaps tap into rhythmic activity in a way that general resting-state recordings cannot. Previous studies suggest that individuals with ASD showed photic driving reactivity predominantly at lower frequencies of stimulation. In our study we used IPS to measure rhythmic oscillatory activity in a sample of 81 ASD children. We found a significant correlation linking ASD children with photic driv…
Intervención psicoeducativa para facilitar el exámen clínico odontológico en personas con trastornos del espectro autista
2013
INTRODUCCIÓN: Las grandes barreras en la interacción social, comunicación, conducta y alteraciones sensoriales que presentan las personas con TEA dificultan enormemente la atención odontológica de estos pacientes. Como resultado de las dificultades que plantea realizarles tan sólo un examen clínico odontológico la mayoría son atendidos bajo anestesia general. Teniendo en cuenta que en la actualidad el tratamiento más eficaz para este trastorno es la intervención psicoeducativa, ciertas estrategias y técnicas psicoeducativas pueden ser herramientas útiles para introducirles las acciones clínicas odontológicas. Por tanto, con la elaboración de un programa psicoeducativo comunicando de forma a…