Search results for "Autoimmune"

Anti-rat liver microsomal and cytosolic antibodies in hepatitis C virus infection.

1994

In order to assess the frequency of autoimmunity markers in hepatitis C virus infection, 229 RIBA 2 HCV positive individuals were tested by ELISA and Immunoblot assay using as antigen rat liver microsomal and cytosolic proteins. Twenty-one out of 229 individuals (9%) showed anti-rat liver microsome antibodies by ELISA, but the titre was low (1:100 to 1:1,600). In Immunoblot, only 5 of these 21 ELISA positive sera recognized also rat liver microsomal proteins (MW between 30 to 64 kDa). Antibodies against rat liver cytosolic proteins were found by ELISA in 14 out of 229 individuals (6%). Three of them showed a reactivity in Immunoblot to 42 kDa or 55 kDA proteins. In conclusion, HCV infection…

Hepatitis C virus antibody secretion in vitro by peripheral blood lymphocytes.

1992

A recombinant polypeptide corresponding to a virus-specific cDNA clone (c100-3) serves as the antigen for a hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody assay. Previous investigations have shown an 80% prevalence of HCV antibodies in sera of patients suffering from post-transfusional chronic hepatitis non-A, non-B, but positive results were also obtained for 30 to 70% of sera from patients with chronic hepatitis B or autoimmune hepatitis. In this study we show that HCV antibodies are secreted by peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in vitro. PBL from 12/35 patients with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis and 1/6 patients with chronic active hepatitis B spontaneously secreted HCV antibodies in cell culture su…

Clinical update on risks and efficacy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with autoimmune hepatitis and summary of reports on post-vaccination li…

2022

Patients with liver diseases, especially those with cirrhosis, have an increased mortality risk when infected by SARS-CoV-2 and therefore anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine has been recommended by leading Scientific Associations for all patients with chronic liver diseases. However, previous reports have shown a reduced antibody response following the full course of vaccination in immunosuppressed patients, including liver transplant recipients and several rheumatic diseases. This document, drafted by an expert panel of hepatologists appointed by the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (AISF), aims to present the updated scientific data on the safety and efficacy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vac…

Evidence for spontaneous immunosuppression in autoimmune hepatitis

1995

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) runs a variable clinical course. Slow disease progression or even spontaneous remissions can be observed and suggest that the autoimmune process can, at least to a certain extent, be controlled by regulatory elements of the patient's own immune system. In experimental autoimmune hepatitis (EAH) spontaneous recovery is regularly observed and associated with antigen-specific and antigen-nonspecific suppression. The aim of the current study was to search for similar immunoregulatory phenomena in patients with AIH. We examined T-cell reactivity to soluble human liver antigens in 11 patients with active autoimmune hepatitis and 30 patients with other liver diseases (ch…

Liver membrane autoantibodies in chronic active hepatitis

1987

Summary Target antigens relevant for immune reactions in inflammatory liver diseases should be expressed on the hepatocellular membrane. Using mechanically or enzymatically isolated rabbit hepatocytes, we evaluated the influence of cell integrity on the detection of membrane-expressed antigens by sera from patients with chronic hepatitis and by murine monoclonal antibodies. Our results provide evidence that target antigens of liver membrane autoantibodies (LMA) as well as liver kidney microsomal antibodies (LKM) are not expressed on the hepatocellular membrane of viable and intact isolated rabbit hepatocytes. However, LMA were detected in the sera of 56% of patients with autoimmune chronic …

Expression of the 60 kDa heat shock protein in normal and inflamed liver.

1993

The 60 kDa heat shock proteins (HSP 60) have been well conserved throughout evolution and are highly immunogenic. Cross-reactivity between bacterial and mammalian HSP 60 is considered a likely mechanism in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. T cell and B cell reactivity to HSP 60 is found in patients with rheumatoid or juvenile arthritis, and the expression of HSP 60 in the inflamed joint is found to be increased. In this study the presence of HSP 60 was demonstrated in normal and inflamed lives. HSP 60 was found to be predominantly expressed in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells, and mainly localized in mitochondria. Heat stress in the form of a 1 h incubation at 42 degrees C increased HSP…

Hepatocellular expression of lymphocyte function—associated antigen 3 in chronic hepatitis

1991

T lymphocyte-mediated cytolytic immune reactions are considered a major cause of hepatocyte injury in chronic viral and autoimmune hepatitis. To further investigate local immune responses, we studied the expression of lymphocyte antigens and cell-cell interaction molecules known to be involved in effector-target cell interactions by light and electron microscopy in liver biopsy specimens from patients with chronic viral and autoimmune hepatitis. CD8+ lymphocytes were found to be the predominant population of cells in the inflammatory infiltrate in chronic hepatitis B and non-A, non-B hepatitis. In contrast, CD4+ cells constituted a comparably higher proportion of cells and were more numerou…

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in a rat model of trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid-induced liver injury

1999

Background In sera from patients with autoimmune liver diseases, e.g. primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and autoimmune hepatitis, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) can be found. Until now, no animal model of ANCA induction in liver disease has been described. In this study, we describe a novel rat model of acute liver injury and subsequent ANCA production. Materials and methods The hapten reagent 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS) was injected into the portal vein of female Lewis rats. Two experimental groups were studied: group A (TNBS/ethanol) received different TNBS concentrations; control animals of group B (ethanol) were injected with 10% (v/v) ethanol/0.9% (w/v…

Autoimmune Hepatitis and Hepatitis C Virus Infection

1998

AB0438 Safety of tnf blockers in case of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cirrhosisa systematic review

2018

Background The management of inflammatory rheumatisms and psoriasis has largely evolved over the last 15 years with the emergence of biotherapies whose main adverse effect is the increased infection risk. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing and has been estimated at 30% in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with an excess of 45% compared to healthy subjects. One of the major complications of the metabolic syndrome is the Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), which prevalence is 25% in the global population, and 30% in a cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The main complication of NAFLD is the development of cirrhosis, known to increase infectious risk. Surprisi…