Search results for "Automation"
showing 10 items of 1181 documents
Characterization of the consistent completion of analytic hierarchy process comparison matrices using graph theory
2018
Automated GUI Testing for Android Applications
2012
Mobiililaitteet ovat yhä tärkeämmässä asemassa yhteiskunnassamme. Kun mobiililaitteiden käyttäjien määrä kasvaa, samoin kasvaa tarve sovelluksien paremmalle laadunvarmistukselle. Testauksen automatisointi on yksi avaintekijöistä sovelluksien laadun parantamiseen. Tämä tutkimus on kirjallisuuskatsaus Android-ohjelmien graafisten käyttöliittymien testauksen automatisaation nykytutkimuksesta. Mobile devices are becoming more and more important in our society. As the number of mobile device users grows, so does the importance of proper application quality control and verification. Test automation is one of the key factors in increasing application quality. This paper is a literature review on c…
Flow cytometric immunophenotyping: principles and pitfalls
1992
Within the last decade flow cytometry (FCM) has become an integral part of basic immunological research. Elaboration of this technology has been intensively stimulated by a rapidly growing sophistication in monoclonal antibody technology and vice versa. At present numerous applications are established that allow an increasingly detailed insight into the immune system, however, automation still must be considered the "cinderella of the arts". Thus, transition of this powerful approach from a basic to a routine clinical procedure is much more difficult than expected. Sufficient usage of flow cytometers still requires some knowledge of physics and its technical applications. Moreover, several …
Branch-Price-and-Cut for the Soft-Clustered Capacitated Arc-Routing Problem
2021
The soft-clustered capacitated arc-routing problem (SoftCluCARP) is a variant of the classical capacitated arc-routing problem. The only additional constraint is that the set of required edges, that is, the streets to be serviced, is partitioned into clusters, and feasible routes must respect the soft-cluster constraint, that is, all required edges of the same cluster must be served by the same vehicle. In this article, we design an effective branch-price-and-cut algorithm for the exact solution of the SoftCluCARP. Its new components are a metaheuristic and branch-and-cut-based solvers for the solution of the column-generation subproblem, which is a profitable rural clustered postman tour …
A comparison of two different formulations for Arc Routing Problems on Mixed graphs
2006
[EN] Arc routing problems on mixed graphs have been modelled in the literature either using just one variable per edge or associating to each edge two variables, each one representing its traversal in the corresponding direction. In this paper, and using the mixed general routing problem as an example, we compare theoretical and computationally both formulations as well as the lower bounds obtained from them using Linear Programming based methods. Extensive computational experiments, including some big and newly generated random instances, are presented.
Energy savings for indoor lighting in a shopping mall: A case of study
2018
The paper presents an application of energy saving in the final users. In particular, the case of study evaluates the energy consumptions of a big shopping mall, located in the middle part of Italy, illuminated by fluorescent lamps. In order to reduce the energy demand, the case of study shows a first solution based on LED lamps; a second step considers the adding of a building automation system, maximizing the energy saving, thanks lighting sensors that module the luminous flux taking in count of natural lighting through skylights.
Energy management of multi-carrier smart buildings for integrating local renewable energy systems
2016
The proposed paper aims at defining a Building Management System (BMS) able to control energy flows inside a smart building integrated with various energy networks and Renewable Energy Resources (RES). The smart building envisaged in this work interacts with different energy carriers and is equipped with cogeneration and RES systems, as well as storage devices, which enable a certain degree of flexibility in the energy usage. The smart building is modelled as a multi-carrier hub, by defining the graphical and mathematical model of the building system. Moreover, the control criteria of the BMS are explained and the implementation of the BMS itself is depicted, along with some early results. …
A laboratory setup for the evaluation of the effects of BACS and TBM systems on lighting
2015
The paper focuses on the evaluation of the impact of Building Automation Control Systems (BACS) and Technical Building Management (TBM) systems on the performance of the lighting system in a residential building. In particular, this work shows a laboratory setup, installed at the DEIM of the University of Palermo, for simulating a typical apartment. The paper describes the laboratory, the lighting system and the BAC system installed and the test facility for evaluating the electricity consumption in presence and in absence of automation. The laboratory has been built within a research project funded by the Italian Minister of University and Research in the framework of the PON Smart Cities …
Improvement of Energy Efficiency for Indoor Lighting in a Big Shopping Center
2018
As the progressive diffusion of shopping centers in Italy, the paper analysis the potential energy savings in the indoor lighting plant, thanks to new technologies as LED lamps and Building Automation System. The case study, applied to a big shopping mall in the middle of Italy, shows great results, thanks to the high efficiency of LED technology, high number of operating hours and the implementation of a control system. An economic and environmental evaluation is reported.
Economic Feasibility of Measures for Energy Efficiency
2014
In this chapter the economic impact of some measures for energy efficiency, both using automation of technical infrastructures (according to EN 15232) as well as implementing passive measures concerning the use of building materials and techniques (according to EN 15271), is studied. The chapter is organized as follows. First, a technical-economical study on the evaluation of the impact on residential buildings of Building Automation Control, BAC, and Technical Building Management, TBM, systems is presented. Then the same assessment of some passive measures that can be employed is carried out using the Passive House Standard for Mediterranean warm climates is shown. Numerical elaborations h…