Search results for "Average cost"
showing 5 items of 15 documents
Healthcare costs of the SATisfaction and adherence to COPD treatment (SAT)study follow-up
2019
Abstract Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by recurring exacerbations. We estimated the costs of healthcare resources for COPD management funded by the Italian National Healthcare Service (INHS) for one year. Methods We examined the demographic, clinical, and economic variables at enrolment and follow-up visits (at 6 and 12 months) of COPD patients participating in the SAT study and referred to 20 Italian pulmonary centres with different institutional characteristics. Costs were expressed in Euro (€) 2018. A random effects log-linear panel regression model was performed to predict the average cost per patient. Results Most of the centres were public in…
A Deep Reinforcement Learning scheme for Battery Energy Management
2020
Deep reinforcement learning is considered promising for many energy cost optimization tasks in smart buildings. How-ever, agent learning, in this context, is sometimes unstable and unpredictable, especially when the environments are complex. In this paper, we examine deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms developed for game play applied to a battery control task with an energy cost optimization objective. We explore how agent behavior and hyperparameters can be analyzed in a simplified environment with the goal of modifying the algorithms for increased stability. Our modified Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) agent is able to perform consistently close to the optimum over multi…
ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF SHORT-TERM DECISIONS IN WINEGROWING FARMS
2014
The majority of small sized Sicilian winegrowing farms are placed in the first part of the supply chain. In this way they are subjected to the grapes prices fixed by the wineries, becoming price takers. This situation determines marginal revenues lower than average costs and in short-term a reduction of farmer income that it can allow to farm bankruptcy. In this context farmer should adopt economic strategies in order to obtain higher profit in a more and more competitive market. The aim of this paper is to understand whether, decreasing labor cost in short-term by means of process innovation, average costs of small sized Sicilian winegrowing farm do not exceed marginal revenues.
The Impact of CSR/ESG Reporting on the Cost of Capital: An Example of US Healthcare Entities
2021
PURPOSE: Identifying the direction and strength of the relationship between individual elements of ESG and ESG as a whole and the cost of capital (weighted average, equity, and debt) in the healthcare industry.
Effectiveness and efficiency of a special program to reduce the bariatric surgery waiting list at a tertiary hospital
2021
Graphical abstract