Search results for "BINARY"

showing 10 items of 833 documents

Theory of Heterogeneous Circuits With Stochastic Memristive Devices

2022

We introduce an approach based on the Chapman-Kolmogorov equation to model heterogeneous stochastic circuits, namely, the circuits combining binary or multi-state stochastic memristive devices and continuum reactive components (capacitors and/or inductors). Such circuits are described in terms of occupation probabilities of memristive states that are functions of reactive variables. As an illustrative example, the series circuit of a binary memristor and capacitor is considered in detail. Some analytical solutions are found. Our work offers a novel analytical/numerical tool for modeling complex stochastic networks, which may find a broad range of applications.

Computer scienceContinuum (topology)Binary numberCapacitorsMemristorSwitching circuitsTopologyInductorSeries and parallel circuitslaw.inventionComputer Science::Hardware ArchitectureCapacitorRange (mathematics)Mathematical modelComputer Science::Emerging TechnologiesStochastic processesIntegrated circuit modelinglawHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSElectrical and Electronic EngineeringMemristorsSwitchesElectronic circuitIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs
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A Measure of Concurrent Neural Firing Activity Based on Mutual Information

2021

Multiple methods have been developed in an attempt to quantify stimulus-induced neural coordination and to understand internal coordination of neuronal responses by examining the synchronization phenomena in neural discharge patterns. In this work we propose a novel approach to estimate the degree of concomitant firing between two neural units, based on a modified form of mutual information (MI) applied to a two-state representation of the firing activity. The binary profile of each single unit unfolds its discharge activity in time by decomposition into the state of neural quiescence/low activity and state of moderate firing/bursting. Then, the MI computed between the two binary streams is…

Computer scienceModels NeurologicalAction PotentialsBinary numberRetinal ganglionMeasure (mathematics)050105 experimental psychologySynchronizationSurrogate data03 medical and health sciencesBursting0302 clinical medicineComputer Simulation0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesRepresentation (mathematics)Neuronsbusiness.industryGeneral Neuroscience05 social sciencesFiring patternsPattern recognitionMutual informationCorrelationConcurrent activityMutual informationArtificial intelligencebusinessNeural synchrony030217 neurology & neurosurgerySoftwareInformation Systems
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Adapting hierarchical bidirectional inter prediction on a GPU-based platform for 2D and 3D H.264 video coding

2013

The H.264/AVC video coding standard introduces some improved tools in order to increase compression efficiency. Moreover, the multi-view extension of H.264/AVC, called H.264/MVC, adopts many of them. Among the new features, variable block-size motion estimation is one which contributes to high coding efficiency. Furthermore, it defines a different prediction structure that includes hierarchical bidirectional pictures, outperforming traditional Group of Pictures patterns in both scenarios: single-view and multi-view. However, these video coding techniques have high computational complexity. Several techniques have been proposed in the literature over the last few years which are aimed at acc…

Computer scienceReal-time computingGraphics processing unitComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION020206 networking & telecommunications020207 software engineering02 engineering and technologyData_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORYHierarchical bidirectional picturesScalable Video CodingComputer engineeringMotion estimation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringH.264/AVCVideo codingEncoderContext-adaptive binary arithmetic codingGroup of picturesContext-adaptive variable-length codingEURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing
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Change-driven Image Architecture on FPGA with adaptive threshold for Optical-Flow Computation

2006

Optical flow computation has been extensively used for object motion estimation in image sequences. However, the results obtained by most optical flow techniques are as accurate as computationally intensive due to the large amount of data involved. A new strategy for image sequence processing has been developed; pixels of the image sequence that significantly change fire the execution of the operations related to the image processing algorithm. The data reduction achieved with this strategy allows a significant optical flow computation speed-up. Furthermore, FPGAs allow the implementation of a custom data-flow architecture specially suited for this strategy. The foundations of the change-dr…

Computer sciencebusiness.industryBinary imageComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONOptical flowImage processingImage segmentationMotion estimationDigital image processingComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinessImage gradientComputer hardwareFeature detection (computer vision)2006 IEEE International Conference on Reconfigurable Computing and FPGA's (ReConFig 2006)
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Studies on the Effectiveness of Multispectral Images for Face Recognition: Comparative Studies and New Approaches

2013

In this paper, we investigate face recognition in unconstrained illumination conditions. A twofold contribution is proposed: First, three state of the art algorithms, namely Multiblock Local Binary Pattern (MBLBP), Histogram of Gabor Phase Patterns (HGPP) and Local Gabor Binary Pattern Histogram Sequence (LGBPHS) are challenged against the IRIS-M3 multispectral face data base to evaluate their robustness against high illumination variation. Second, we propose to enhance the Performance of the three mentioned algorithms, which has been drastically decreased because of the non-monotonic illumination variation that distinguishes the IRIS-M3 face database. Instead of the usual braod band images…

Computer sciencebusiness.industryLocal binary patternsMultispectral imageFeature extractionPattern recognitionSpectral bandsBinary patternFacial recognition systemRobustness (computer science)HistogramComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusiness2013 International Conference on Signal-Image Technology & Internet-Based Systems
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The problem of interoperability: A common data format for quantum chemistry codes

2007

A common format for quantum chemistry (QC), enhancing code interoperability and communication between different programs, has been designed and implemented. An XML-based format, QC-ML, is presented for representing quantities such as geometry, basis set, and so on, while an HDF5-based format is presented for the storage of large binary data files. Some preliminary applications that use the format have been implemented and are also described. This activity was carried out within the COST in Chemistry D23 project “MetaChem,” in the Working Group “A meta-laboratory for code integration in ab initio methods.” © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007

Computer sciencecomputer.internet_protocolInteroperabilityEfficient XML InterchangeHierarchical Data Format010402 general chemistrycomputer.software_genre01 natural sciencesinterfaces0103 physical sciencesCode interoperabilityCode (cryptography)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryCommon Data FormatComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS010304 chemical physicsProgramming languagecomputer.file_formatCondensed Matter Physicscomputational chemistryAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesXML frameworkBinary dataCode interoperability; interfaces; computational chemistry; fortrancomputerXMLfortran
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Statistical Reconstruction of Microstructures Using Entropic Descriptors

2018

We report a multiscale approach of broad applicability to stochastic reconstruction of multiphase materials, including porous ones. The approach devised uses an optimization method, such as the simulated annealing (SA) and the so-called entropic descriptors (EDs). For a binary pattern, they quantify spatial inhomogeneity or statistical complexity at discrete length-scales. The EDs extract dissimilar structural information to that given by two-point correlation functions (CFs). Within the SA, we use an appropriate cost function consisting of EDs or comprised of EDs and CFs. It was found that the stochastic reconstruction is computationally efficient when we begin with a preliminary synthetic…

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceMicrostructure reconstructionDeformation (mechanics)Computer scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesFunction (mathematics)Binary pattern01 natural sciencesCatalysis010305 fluids & plasmasMultiscale modellingEntropic descriptors0103 physical sciencesVolume fractionSimulated annealingSPHERESPorous materialsStatistical physics010306 general physicsPorous mediumPorosityTransport in Porous Media
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Speeding up of microstructure reconstruction: I. Application to labyrinth patterns

2011

Recently, entropic descriptors based the Monte Carlo hybrid reconstruction of the microstructure of a binary/greyscale pattern has been proposed (Piasecki 2011 Proc. R. Soc. A 467 806). We try to speed up this method applied in this instance to the reconstruction of a binary labyrinth target. Instead of a random configuration, we propose to start with a suitable synthetic pattern created by cellular automaton. The occurrence of the characteristic attributes of the target is the key factor for reducing the computational cost that can be measured by the total number of MC steps required. For the same set of basic parameters, we investigated the following simulation scenarios: the biased/rando…

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceSpeedupMaterials scienceSeries (mathematics)Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Monte Carlo methodBinary numberMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesComputational Physics (physics.comp-ph)Condensed Matter PhysicsGrayscaleCellular automatonComputer Science ApplicationsSet (abstract data type)Mechanics of MaterialsModeling and SimulationGeneral Materials ScienceCompleteness (statistics)AlgorithmPhysics - Computational PhysicsCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
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Structural and Magnetic Properties of Co-Fe Binary Alloy Monolayers on W(110)

2003

We present an experimental investigation of ${\mathrm{C}\mathrm{o}}_{x}{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{e}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$ monolayers grown on flat and stepped W(110) surfaces. Atomically resolved scanning tunneling microscopy and low energy electron diffraction reveal continuous miscibility and pseudomorphic growth of Co and Fe for $0\ensuremath{\le}xl0.6$. We observe short range ordered ${\mathrm{C}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{F}\mathrm{e}}_{3}$-$p(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ and CoFe-$c(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ structures in the pseudomorphic monolayer. High Co concentrations lead to a phase separation. The Curie temperature and the ferromagnetic Kerr signal at low temperatures decr…

Condensed Matter::Materials ScienceCrystallographyMaterials scienceFerromagnetismCondensed matter physicsLow-energy electron diffractionlawBinary alloyMonolayerGeneral Physics and AstronomyCurie temperatureScanning tunneling microscopelaw.inventionPhysical Review Letters
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Probabilities, States, Statistics

2016

In this chapter we clarify some important notions which are relevant in a statistical theory of heat: The definitions of probability measure, and of thermodynamic states are illustrated, successively, by the classical Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics, by Fermi-Dirac statistics and by Bose-Einstein statistics. We discuss observables and their eigenvalue spectrum as well as entropy and we calculate these quantities for some examples. The chapter closes with a comparison of statistical descriptions of classical and quantum gases.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesBinary entropy functionEntropy (statistical thermodynamics)StatisticsLaw of total probabilityObservableBlack-body radiationStatistical theoryEigenvalues and eigenvectorsMathematicsProbability measure
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