Search results for "BIOCONTROL"

Root rot of pea: characterization and biocontrol of the soil-borne disease complex including Aphanomyces euteiches

2018

Pea root rot is an increasing constraint in most of intensive pea cropping areas across the globe. The pathogenic complex responsible for the disease is composed of soil-borne fungal and oomycete pathogens such as Fusarium solani, F.oxysporum, F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Thielaviopsis basicola, Ascochyta pinodella, Pythium spp., Aphanomyces euteiches and probably others not yet identified. The diversity of their ecological and pathogenic properties can explain the worldwide dispersion of the disease and the absence of chemical, agricultural or genetic control tools. My research program aims at characterizing the parasitic consortium occurring in the North of France and at…

Root rot of pea : characterization and biocontrol of the soil-borne disease complex including Aphanomyces euteiches

2018

Pea root rot is an increasing constraint in most of intensive pea cropping areas across the globe. The pathogenic complex responsible for the disease is composed of soil-borne fungal and oomycete pathogens such as Fusarium solani, F.oxysporum, F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Thielaviopsis basicola, Ascochyta pinodella, Pythium spp., Aphanomyces euteiches and probably others not yet identified. The diversity of their ecological and pathogenic properties can explain the worldwide dispersion of the disease and the absence of chemical, agricultural or genetic control tools. My research program aims at characterizing the parasitic consortium occurring in the North of France and at…

Determinism of the biocontrol capacity of a strain of Fusarium oxysporum: identification of genes expressed during interactions with tomato

2008

Fusariose du Cyclamen (FoCy): Détection préventive du risque et contrôle biologique

2013

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cyclaminis: Identification of specific molecular markers for improved disease prevention

2014

Fusarium oxysporum is a well-known soil-borne and ubiquitous fungus. The species includes a high diversity of saprophytic and pathogenic populations. The phytopathogenic ones are subdivided into formae speciales according to their host specificity. The forma specialis cyclaminis (FoCy) is causing Fusarium wilt only on cyclamen. It causes damages during the entire production line and can raise more than 50 % losses. FoCy is considered as the more destructive pathogen on cyclamen. To achieve a better understanding of the disease and a more efficient and eco-friendly way of control, we aim at finding a specific molecular marker allowing for early detection and quantification of the pathogen an…

Molecular tools to monitor a biocontrol agent and to assess its environmental impacts

2008

The use of non pathogenic strains of Fusarium oxysporum has been proposed to control Fusarium diseases responsible for severe damages in many crops of economical importance. In order to monitor the biocontrol strain Fo47 after application in greenhouse and field, we have developed a specific molecular tool based on a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR). Primers targeting a 210-bp fragment were designed to set up a real time PCR assay allowing the identification of the biocontrol strain and its quantification in environmental samples. The assay enabled specific detection of the strain in soils without cross detection of autochthonous populations of F. oxysporum. After its introduc…

Stability of consumption pattern in two seed eating carabid species

2017

SPEGESTADDOCT INRA; Carabids can eat a substantial amount of seeds of weeds per day and are considered as credible biocontrol agents for the regulation of weeds in arable fields. Carabids species belong to either granivore, omnivore or carnivore trophic guilds and we expected each of these to have specific patterns of weed seed consumption and specific responses to biotic interactions. These differences will impact the total predation rate of a carabid community and may also explain why it is difficult to predict the efficiency of carabid biocontrol service. To test this expectation, we looked at the consumption pattern of two species of carabids species common in arable fields, one known a…

Les pourritures racinaires du pois potager, caractérisation et biocontrôle du complexe parasitaire d’origine tellurique incluant Aphanomyces euteiches

2021

Pea root rots are a major concern for pea growing regions around the world. The disease is caused by a parasitic complex composed of many species of fungi and oomycetes of soil origin. In France, the main pathogen is the oomycete Aphanomyces euteiches. The identity of the other components of the parasitic complex and their respective contributions to the disease have never been investigated. No means of control is currently available to effectively control the disease except for a predictive bioassay that is questioned by some users. However, this test allows the avoidance of infested plots, which limits the multiplication of the major pathogen A. euteiches in the soil. In this context, the…

Comparative analysis of PR gene expression in tomato inoculated with virulent Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and the biocontrol strain F. oxys…

2008

Non-pathogenic strains of Fusarium oxysporum have the capacity to protect plants against wilt induced by pathogenic strains of F. oxysporum. Among the mechanisms involved in this protection, induced systemic resistance has been demonstrated by using a split-root method. The aim of this study was to follow the accumulation kinetics of transcripts encoding 5 PR proteins in roots and leaves of tomato inoculated with a pathogenic or a protective strain in comparison to non-inoculated control. Moreover quantification of transcripts was assessed by real-time RT-PCR in cell cultures inoculated with the pathogenic or the protective strain. Results showed a lower expression of PR encoding genes in t…

CA-SYS: A long term experimental platform on agroecology at various scales

2018

National audience; The French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) has established an ambitious, multiscale, agricultural experimental infrastructure (the CA-SYS platform) as a collaboration between the Research Unit, Agroécologie (Dijon, eastern France), and the Experimental Research Unit, Domaine d’Epoisses (20 km next to Dijon). CA-SYS covers an area of 120 ha, and is divided into 47 fields, each of which has drainage and can be irrigated, and will be initiated in autumn 2018. The aims of CA-SYS are to: i) design and evaluate new agroecological systems; ii) study the transition from current farming systems towards these new agroecological systems, with goals that include a…