Search results for "BREAKING"

showing 10 items of 383 documents

Quantum Sensors Assisted by Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking for Detecting Very Small Forces

2015

We propose a quantum-sensing scheme for measuring weak forces based on a symmetry-breaking adiabatic transition in the quantum Rabi model. We show that the system described by the Rabi Hamiltonian can serve as a sensor for extremely weak forces with sensitivity beyond the yoctonewton (yN) per sqrt (Hz) range. We propose an implementation of this sensing protocol using a single trapped ion. A major advantage of our scheme is that the force detection is performed by projective measurement of the population of the spin states at the end of the transition, instead of the far slower phonon number measurement used hitherto.

Physicseducation.field_of_studyPhononSpontaneous symmetry breakingPopulationQuantum sensorGeneral Physics and AstronomyWeak interaction01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencessymbols010306 general physicseducationHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Adiabatic processQuantumQCPhysical Review Applied
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Imperfect symmetry breaking

2018

By considering a nonlinear resonator driven by an elliptically polarized beam, we study experimentally the robustness of spontaneous symmetry breaking to controlled asymmetries. In particular, we reveal that different asymmetries can balance each other.

PhysicslawCross-phase modulationSpontaneous symmetry breakingQuantum electrodynamicsLight beamHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentSymmetry breakingElliptical polarizationPolarization (waves)Bose–Einstein condensateBeam (structure)law.inventionAdvanced Photonics 2018 (BGPP, IPR, NP, NOMA, Sensors, Networks, SPPCom, SOF)
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Asymmetric balance in symmetry breaking

2020

Spontaneous symmetry breaking is central to our understanding of physics and explains many natural phenomena, from cosmic scales to subatomic particles. Its use for applications requires devices with a high level of symmetry, but engineered systems are always imperfect. Surprisingly, the impact of such imperfections has barely been studied, and restricted to a single asymmetry. Here, we experimentally study spontaneous symmetry breaking with two controllable asymmetries. We remarkably find that features typical of spontaneous symmetry breaking, while destroyed by one asymmetry, can be restored by introducing a second asymmetry. In essence, asymmetries are found to balance each other. Our st…

Physicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectSpontaneous symmetry breakingFOS: Physical sciencesPattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)Polarization (waves)Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and SolitonsAsymmetryNonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing SystemsNonlinear systemTheoretical physicsPitchfork bifurcationSymmetry breakingSubatomic particleAdaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)QCBifurcationPhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)media_commonPhysical Review Research
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Mean-Field Calculation Based on Proton-Neutron Mixed Energy Density Functionals

2015

We have performed calculations based on the Skyrme energy density functional (EDF) that includes arbitrary mixing between protons and neutrons. In this framework, single-particle states are generalized as mixtures of proton and neutron components. The model assumes that the Skyrme EDF is invariant under the rotation in isospin space and the Coulomb force is the only source of the isospin symmetry breaking. To control the isospin of the system, we employ the isocranking method, which is analogous to the standard cranking approach used for describing high-spin states. Here, we present results of the isocranking calculations performed for the isobaric analog states in A = 40 and A = 54 nuclei.

Physicsta114Proton010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear TheoryInvariant (physics)01 natural sciencesenergy density functionalsCoulomb's lawNuclear physicssymbols.namesakeMean field theoryproton-neutron mixingisobaric analog statesQuantum electrodynamicsIsospin0103 physical sciencessymbolsIsobaric processNeutronSymmetry breakingNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsProceedings of the Conference on Advances in Radioactive Isotope Science (ARIS2014)
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Multiconfigurational second-order perturbation study of the decomposition of the radical anion of nitromethane

2004

The doublet potential energy surfaces involved in the decomposition of the nitromethane radical anion (CH(3)NO(2) (-)) have been studied by using the multistate extension of the multiconfigurational second-order perturbation method (MS-CASPT2) in conjunction with large atomic natural orbital-type basis sets. A very low energy barrier is found for the decomposition reaction: CH(3)NO(2) (-)--[CH(3)NO(2)](-)--CH(3)+NO(2) (-). No evidence has been obtained on the existence of an isomerization channel leading to the initial formation of the methylnitrite anion (CH(3)ONO(-)) which, in a subsequent reaction, would yield nitric oxide (NO). In contrast, it is suggested that NO is formed through the …

Potential Energy SurfacesNitromethaneOrganic CompoundsGeneral Physics and AstronomyOrganic Compounds ; Negative Ions ; Potential Energy Surfaces ; Dissociation ; Ion-Molecule Reactions ; Perturbation Theory ; Density Functional Theory ; SCF CalculationsSCF CalculationsPotential energyDissociation (chemistry)UNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaIonIon-Molecule Reactionschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryComputational chemistryPerturbation TheoryNegative IonsDensity functional theorySymmetry breakingPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]IsomerizationDissociationDensity Functional TheoryChemical decompositionThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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The Dawning of Computational Psychoanalysis

2014

In this paper, the author wishes first to highlight, within the general cultural context, some possible elementary computational psychoanalysis formalizations concerning Matte Blanco's bi-logic components through certain very elementary mathematical tools and notions drawn from theoretical physics and algebra. Afterwards, on the basis of recent work of Giampaolo Sasso (1999; 2005; 2011), relying on the crucial crossroad between neurosciences and psychoanalysis, it will be possible to identify some hints for further formalization attempts turned toward a computational psychoanalysis outlook. Lastly, possible interesting relationships with cognitive informatics are also outlined.

Psychoanalysisbi-logicComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectCultural contextdouble bindobject relationshipgroupoidoscillationsymmetry breakingObject RelationshipHuman-Computer InteractionresonanceconsciousneArtificial IntelligenceCognitive informaticsdenotational mathematics.introjective and projective processeAlgebra over a fieldConsciousnessbundleSoftwaremedia_commonInternational Journal of Cognitive Informatics and Natural Intelligence
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Esophageal Biomechanics Revisited: A Tale of Tenacity, Anastomoses, and Suture Bite Lengths in Swine

2019

Background Anastomotic tension has repeatedly been associated with anastomotic leakages after esophagectomy for cancer or esophageal atresia repair. We therefore aimed to determine which anastomotic technique would come as close as possible to the native esophagus in sustaining traction forces. Constant traction for several minutes at esophageal remnants and large suture bites are also considered relevant in long-gap esophageal atresia repair. Methods Porcine esophagi were subjected to linear traction using a motorized horizontal test stand. We compared breaking strengths of native esophagi to simple continuous, simple interrupted, stapled, and barbed suture anastomoses. We also investigate…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtySwinemedicine.medical_treatment030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyAnastomosisBreaking strength03 medical and health sciencesEsophagus0302 clinical medicineTensile StrengthmedicineAnimalsEsophagusbusiness.industryAnastomosis SurgicalSuture TechniquesBiomechanicsTraction (orthopedics)medicine.diseaseBiomechanical PhenomenaSurgeryEsophagectomymedicine.anatomical_structure030228 respiratory systemBarbed sutureEsophagectomyAtresiaSurgeryCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessThe Annals of Thoracic Surgery
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Symmetry for positive critical points of Caffarelli–Kohn–Nirenberg inequalities

2022

Abstract We consider positive critical points of Caffarelli–Kohn–Nirenberg inequalities and prove a Liouville type result which allows us to give a complete classification of the solutions in a certain range of parameters, providing a symmetry result for positive solutions. The governing operator is a weighted p -Laplace operator, which we consider for a general p ∈ ( 1 , d ) . For p = 2 , the symmetry breaking region for extremals of Caffarelli–Kohn–Nirenberg inequalities was completely characterized in Dolbeault et al. (2016). Our results extend this result to a general p and are optimal in some cases.

Pure mathematicsApplied MathematicsOperator (physics)Caffarelli–Kohn–Nirenberg inequalities Classification of solutions Liouville-type theorem Optimal constant Quasilinear anisotropic elliptic equationsMathematics::Analysis of PDEsType (model theory)Range (mathematics)Settore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaSymmetry breakingSymmetry (geometry)Nirenberg and Matthaei experimentLaplace operatorAnalysisMathematics
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General Linearized Theory of Quantum Fluctuations around Arbitrary Limit Cycles

2017

The theory of Gaussian quantum fluctuations around classical steady states in nonlinear quantum-optical systems (also known as standard linearization) is a cornerstone for the analysis of such systems. Its simplicity, together with its accuracy far from critical points or situations where the nonlinearity reaches the strong coupling regime, has turned it into a widespread technique, which is the first method of choice in most works on the subject. However, such a technique finds strong practical and conceptual complications when one tries to apply it to situations in which the classical long-time solution is time dependent, a most prominent example being spontaneous limit-cycle formation. H…

Quantum PhysicsVan der Pol oscillatorGaussianFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesSymmetry (physics)Òptica quàntica010305 fluids & plasmasNonlinear systemsymbols.namesakeLinearizationQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencessymbolsSymmetry breakingStatistical physicsLimit (mathematics)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsQuantum fluctuationMathematicsPhysical Review Letters
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The QCD analytic running coupling and chiral symmetry breaking

2004

We study the dependence on the pion mass of the QCD effective charge by employing the dispersion relations for the Adler D function. This new massive analytic running coupling is compared to the effective coupling saturated by the dynamically generated gluon mass. A qualitative picture of the possible impact of the former coupling on the chiral symmetry breaking is presented.

Quantum chromodynamicsPhysicsCouplingHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsHigh Energy Physics::LatticeHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesFísicaFunction (mathematics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsEffective nuclear chargeGluonHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyPionHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Dispersion relationChiral symmetry breaking
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