Search results for "BREASTFEEDING"
showing 10 items of 118 documents
Identification of bronchiolitis profiles in Italian children through the application of latent class analysis
2020
AbstractBackgroundBronchiolitis is the primary infection of the lower respiratory tract in children under 2 years of age. Although it is generally considered a single nosological entity, recent studies suggested remarkable clinical heterogeneity. To date, no studies have identified classes of children with bronchiolitis within the Italian population. This study aimed to identify discrete profiles of Italian children hospitalized with bronchiolitis using a clustering approach and to compare findings with those obtained in international cohorts.MethodsThis was a retrospective single-centre study conducted on children aged ≤2 years hospitalised with bronchiolitis (n = 401) at the Department of…
Effect of a surveillance system for decreasing neonatal nosocomial infections.
2018
Nosocomial infection in very low birthweight (VLBW) infants is a common complication with high morbimortality. New strategies to reduce its occurrence have recently led to the development of neonatal surveillance programs.To determine whether the NeoKissEs surveillance system implementation in our neonatal unit has been associated with a decrease in nosocomial infection in VLBW infants, as well as a reduction in the use of antibiotics and central venous catheters (CVC).Retrospective and descriptive study of infants1500 g admitted between January 2011 and December 2017. Rates of use of antibiotics and CVC were calculated, as well as late-onset sepsis incidence. Data were compared before and …
Biomonitoring of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs)…
2020
Abstract The main objective of the present research was to evaluate the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) in the human milk of Spanish lactating women who participated in the BETTERMILK project so that exposure and risk could be assessed for these mothers and their breastfed children. The total ∑PCDD/Fs + dl-PCBs TEQ2005 concentrations in the upper-bound (UB) ranged from 1.29 to 13.48 pg TEQ2005 g−1 lipid. The estimated geometric mean level for the sum of PCDD/F and dl-PCBs was 4.10 and 4.42 pg TEQ2005 g−1 lipid, lower-bound (LB) and UB respectively and were below the reference leve…
Pollen-induced allergic rhinitis in 1360 Italian children: comorbidities and determinants of severity
2013
BACKGROUND: Pollen-induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (AR) is highly prevalent and rapidly evolving during childhood. General practitioners may not be fully aware of the nature and severity of symptoms experienced by patients and might underestimate the prevalence of moderate or severe disease. Thus, the relevance of early diagnosis and intervention may be overlooked. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the severity of pollen-induced AR and its determinants in Italian children referred to allergy specialists and who had never received specific immunotherapy (SIT). METHODS: Children (age 4-18 yr) affected by pollen-induced AR who had never undergone SIT were recruited between May 2009 and June 2011…
Effect of hydrolyzed infant formula vs conventional formula on risk of type 1 diabetes the TRIGR randomized clinical trial
2018
IMPORTANCE Early exposure to complex dietary proteins may increase the risk of type 1 diabetes in children with genetic disease susceptibility. There are no intact proteins in extensively hydrolyzed formulas. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that weaning to an extensively hydrolyzed formula decreases the cumulative incidence of type 1 diabetes in young children. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS An international double-blind randomized clinical trial of 2159 infants with human leukocyte antigen-conferred disease susceptibility and a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes recruited from May 2002 to January 2007 in 78 study centers in 15 countries; 1081 were randomized to be weaned to the…
An overlooked aspect of the human breast: areolar glands in relation with breastfeeding pattern, neonatal weight gain, and the dynamics of lactation.
2012
WOS: 000301474900013; International audience; The early nursing-sucking relationship is not to be taken for granted in humans. A number of factors can either facilitate or mitigate its optimal establishment on the mother's or newborn's sides. Among these factors, a morphological feature of human mothers' breasts--the areolar glands (AG)--has been identified as potentially important. Three day-old infants display attraction during the presentation of the native secretions of the AG, suggesting that they could influence the newborn's behaviour during breastfeeding. The present study assessed this topic in a sample of 121 Caucasian mother-infant dyads. The areolae of these women were screened …
Maternal selenium status and neuropsychological development in Spanish preschool children
2018
Background: The relationship between maternal selenium (Se) status and child neurodevelopment has been scarcely assessed. In a previous study we observed an inverse U-shaped association between maternal Se concentrations and infant neurodevelopment at 12 months of age. In this study, this non-linear association was explored at preschool age. The effect modification by breastfeeding, child's sex and cord blood mercury was also evaluated.Methods: Study subjects were 490 mother-child pairs from the Spanish Childhood and Environment Project (INMA, 2003–2012). Child neuropsychological development was assessed at around 5 years of age by theMcCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities (MSCA). Sociodem…
Surveillance of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli in a neonatal intensive care unit: prominent role of cross transmission
2007
Background Multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli (MDRGN) are an important cause of nosocomial infections in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). We conducted a 1-year prospective surveillance study in an NICU to assess the epidemiology of MDRGN among newborns and the relative importance of acquisition routes. Methods Neonates admitted at the NICU of the Dipartimento Materno-Infantile, University Hospital, Palermo, Italy, from January 7, 2003, to January 6, 2004, were included in the study. Colonization of patients with MDRGN was assessed by cultures of rectal swabs sampled twice a week. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to determine relatedness among MDRGN isolates. Extended-s…
Fatores que influenciam a ocorrência de otite media entre crianças sicilianas com infecções de vias aéreas superiores
2016
ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Upper respiratory tract infection is a nonspecific term used to describe an acute infection involving the nose, paranasal sinuses, pharynx and larynx. Upper respiratory tract infections in children are often associated with Eustachian tube dysfunction and complicated by otitis media, an inflammatory process within the middle ear. Environmental, epidemiologic and familial risk factors for otitis media (such as sex, socioeconomic and educational factors, smoke exposure, allergy or duration of breastfeeding) have been previously reported, but actually no data about their diffusion among Sicilian children with upper respiratory tract infections are available. OBJECTIVE: T…
Association between breastfeeding duration and cognitive development, autistic traits and ADHD symptoms: a multicenter study in Spain
2017
BACKGROUND: Several studies have related longer breastfeeding duration to better intellectual performance in children. By contrast, few studies have investigated the potential protective effects of breastfeeding against behavioral problems such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, and even fewer on autism spectrum disorders (ASD) traits. METHODS: We examined the association between breastfeeding duration and cognitive development, attention, ADHD symptoms, and autistic traits using data from the INMA Project, a Spanish multicenter birth-cohort study, and taking into account the intensity of breastfeeding. Duration of any, predominant, and exclusive breastfeeding was …