Search results for "Backward"

showing 10 items of 81 documents

Playing with accents

2020

While certain ways of speaking or varieties of English – such as American English or British English – evoke associations of modernity, higher education and urbanity in Uganda, others – such as Ugandan English with strong northern or western accents – stand for backwardness, social strata remote from education and ‘village identities’. Yet concepts of backwardness or modernity are not only based on linguistic criteria but also associated with a specific worldview, contributing to complex signs of higher-order indexicality. In contrast, speakers’ practices of enregisterment reveal how fluid and contextual these indices of urbanity and rurality actually are. Considering diverse repertoires of…

050101 languages & linguisticsLinguistics and LanguageSociology and Political Science05 social sciencesAmerican EnglishBritish EnglishGender studies06 humanities and the artsBackwardnessSocial stratificationLanguage and Linguisticslanguage.human_language060104 historyVarieties of EnglishRuralityUrbanitylanguage0501 psychology and cognitive sciences0601 history and archaeologySociologyIndexicalitySociolinguistic Studies
researchProduct

"Table 1" of "Measurement of very forward energy and particle production at midrapidity in pp and p-Pb collisions at the LHC"

2022

Average signal on A-side vs. C-side ZN in pp collisions at 13 TeV

13000.0P PZDCleading baryonsVery forward energyforward backward energyasymmetry
researchProduct

"Table 2" of "Measurement of very forward energy and particle production at midrapidity in pp and p-Pb collisions at the LHC"

2022

Average signal on A-side vs. C-side ZP in pp collisions at 13 TeV

13000.0P PZDCleading baryonsVery forward energyforward backward energyasymmetry
researchProduct

Coupled conditional backward sampling particle filter

2020

The conditional particle filter (CPF) is a promising algorithm for general hidden Markov model smoothing. Empirical evidence suggests that the variant of CPF with backward sampling (CBPF) performs well even with long time series. Previous theoretical results have not been able to demonstrate the improvement brought by backward sampling, whereas we provide rates showing that CBPF can remain effective with a fixed number of particles independent of the time horizon. Our result is based on analysis of a new coupling of two CBPFs, the coupled conditional backward sampling particle filter (CCBPF). We show that CCBPF has good stability properties in the sense that with fixed number of particles, …

65C05FOS: Computer and information sciencesStatistics and ProbabilityunbiasedMarkovin ketjutTime horizonStatistics - Computation01 natural sciencesStability (probability)backward sampling65C05 (Primary) 60J05 65C35 65C40 (secondary)010104 statistics & probabilityconvergence rateFOS: MathematicsApplied mathematics0101 mathematicscouplingHidden Markov model65C35Computation (stat.CO)Mathematicsstokastiset prosessitBackward samplingSeries (mathematics)Probability (math.PR)Sampling (statistics)conditional particle filterMonte Carlo -menetelmätRate of convergence65C6065C40numeerinen analyysiStatistics Probability and UncertaintyParticle filterMathematics - ProbabilitySmoothing
researchProduct

Quantifying coordination and coordination variability in backward versus forward running: Implications for control of motion

2015

The aims of this study were to compare coordination and coordination variability in backward and forward running and to investigate the effects of speed on coordination variability in both backward and forward running. Fifteen healthy male participants took part in this study to run forwards and backwards on a treadmill at 80%, 100% and 120% of their preferred running speeds. The coordinate data of passive reflective markers attached to body segments were recorded using motion capture systems. Coordination of shank-foot and thigh-shank couplings in sagittal plane was quantified using the continuous relative phase method. Coordination variability was calculated as the standard deviation of a…

AdultMalecoordinationComputer scienceAccelerationBiophysicsDegrees of freedom (statistics)Phase (waves)Reversal LearninggaitMotion captureStandard deviationRunningYoung Adultbackward runningControl theoryOrientationmedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineTreadmillta315SimulationvariabilityRehabilitationCentral pattern generatorcentral pattern generatorsGaitSagittal planemedicine.anatomical_structurePsychomotor PerformanceGait & Posture
researchProduct

Affirmative action in India: redistribuzione di beni e creazione di identità

2009

L’India è probabilmente lo stato in cui l’affirmative action riguarda la più ampia percentuale di popolazione e i più svariati ambiti della vita pubblica; inoltre le prime forme di agevolazione di gruppi svantaggiati previste dal governo risalgono ad oltre 130 anni fa. La reservation policy (il nome con cui in India vengono chiamate le azioni positive) è argomento ricorrente del dibattito pubblico: tema eminente di ogni programma elettorale, influisce fortemente nella costituzione della base dei partiti e nella scelta dei rappresentanti, è contestata o invocata in molte battaglie politiche e in numerosi conflitti sociali che agitano il paese. Ha contribuito fortemente a profilare le identit…

Azioni positive affirmative action india democrazia uguaglianza identità reservation policy other backward classes
researchProduct

Quadratic backward stochastic differential equations

2017

Tässä tutkielmassa analysoimme takaperoisia stokastisia differentiaaliyhtälöitä. Aloitamme esittelemällä stokastiset prosessit, Brownin liikkeen, stokastiset integraalit ja Itôn kaavan. Tämän jälkeen siirrymme tarkastelemaan stokastisia differentiaaliyhtälöitä ja lopulta takaperoisia stokastisia differentiaaliyhtälöitä. Tämän tutkielman pääaiheena on takaperoiset stokastiset differentiaaliyhtälöt kvadraattisilla oletuksilla. Näillä oletuksilla todistamme olemassaoloteoreeman ja tietyt säännöllisyysehdot takaperoisen stokastisen differentiaaliyhtälön ratkaisulle. In this thesis, we analyze backward stochastic differential equations. We begin by introducing stochastic processes, Brownian moti…

Backward Stochastic Differential EquationsStochastics
researchProduct

Operator splitting methods for American option pricing

2004

Abstract We propose operator splitting methods for solving the linear complementarity problems arising from the pricing of American options. The space discretization of the underlying Black-Scholes Scholes equation is done using a central finite-difference scheme. The time discretization as well as the operator splittings are based on the Crank-Nicolson method and the two-step backward differentiation formula. Numerical experiments show that the operator splitting methodology is much more efficient than the projected SOR, while the accuracy of both methods are similar.

Backward differentiation formulaMathematical optimizationPartial differential equationDiscretizationApplied MathematicsFinite difference methodSemi-elliptic operatorTime discretizationValuation of optionsComplementarity theoryLinear complementarity problemCrank–Nicolson methodOperator splitting methodAmerican optionMathematicsApplied Mathematics Letters
researchProduct

Adaptive discontinuous evolution Galerkin method for dry atmospheric flow

2014

We present a new adaptive genuinely multidimensional method within the framework of the discontinuous Galerkin method. The discontinuous evolution Galerkin (DEG) method couples a discontinuous Galerkin formulation with approximate evolution operators. The latter are constructed using the bicharacteristics of multidimensional hyperbolic systems, such that all of the infinitely many directions of wave propagation are considered explicitly. In order to take into account multiscale phenomena that typically appear in atmospheric flows nonlinear fluxes are split into a linear part governing the acoustic and gravitational waves and a nonlinear part that models advection. Time integration is realiz…

Backward differentiation formulasteady statesPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Wave propagationdry atmospheric convectionlarge time stepsystems of hyperbolic balance lawssymbols.namesakeDiscontinuous Galerkin methodApplied mathematicsevolution Galerkin schemesGalerkin methodMathematicssemi-implicit approximationNumerical AnalysisAdaptive mesh refinementApplied MathematicsEuler equationsRiemann solverComputer Science ApplicationsEuler equationsComputational MathematicsNonlinear systemClassical mechanicsModeling and SimulationsymbolsJournal of Computational Physics
researchProduct

Continuous-Wave Backward Frequency Doubling in Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate

2010

Backward-Second-Harmonic-GenerationLithium Niobate.Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate
researchProduct