Search results for "Bactérie"
showing 10 items of 69 documents
«Comment mieux faire fonctionner le sol ?» : le rôle des champignons, des mycorhizes et des bactéries du sol et le lien avec les pratiques agricoles
2017
SPEIPMUB; «Comment mieux faire fonctionner le sol ?» : le rôle des champignons, des mycorhizes et des bactéries du sol et le lien avec les pratiques agricoles. Journée Innovation Agronomique VIVESCIA " les couverts en interculture pour developper le sol"
Bacterial community analysis by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, second edition
2007
Chapitre 43; absent
Les communautés de bactéries des sols. De réseaux plantes / pollinisateurs.
2021
Prévalence et circulation de pathogènes humains et de bactéries résistantes aux antibiotiques dans l'environnement
2012
National audience; Les sols constituent un réservoir important de biodiversité microbienne. Parmi ces microorganismes, certains sont capables d’interactions avec l’Homme (commensalisme) ou d’induire des pathologies (maladies infectieuses aigues ou chroniques). De plus, les bactéries du sol constituent un réservoir important de gènes de résistance aux antibiotiques. Les activités agricoles comme l’élevage et le recyclage de produits résiduaires organiques dans les sols peuvent constituer une source de bactéries pathogènes, résistantes aux antibiotiques ou commensales de l’Homme. Ces pratiques agricoles, qui sont en constante évolution, doivent donc aussi être évaluées en termes de risque san…
Tempo and mode of early gene loss in endosymbiotic bacteria from insects
2006
Abstract Background Understanding evolutionary processes that drive genome reduction requires determining the tempo (rate) and the mode (size and types of deletions) of gene losses. In this study, we analysed five endosymbiotic genome sequences of the gamma-proteobacteria (three different Buchnera aphidicola strains, Wigglesworthia glossinidia, Blochmannia floridanus) to test if gene loss could be driven by the selective importance of genes. We used a parsimony method to reconstruct a minimal ancestral genome of insect endosymbionts and quantified gene loss along the branches of the phylogenetic tree. To evaluate the selective or functional importance of genes, we used a parameter that meas…
Characterization of the ligands for the human umami taste receptor
2017
National audience; Among our basics senses, taste and our gustatory system allow us to perceive and recognize essential chemical nutrients present in food. Human can detect and discriminate five basics taste (sweet, bitter, sour, salty and umami) and recent studies proposed a sixth taste for fat. The umami taste is described as a « savory » sensation elicited mainly by L-amino acids and is thought to serve as an indicator of protein rich foods and promote feeding.The umami taste receptor is a heterodimeric receptor composed of the T1R1 and T1R3 subunits. These subunits belong to the family class C G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and are constituted by a large N-terminal domain (NTD) lin…
EMbaRC designing training and e-learning materials for biological resource centres
2012
International audience; The European Consortium of Microbial Resource Centres (EMbaRC, www.embarc.eu) is a research infrastructure project gathering together the major microbial Biological Resource Centres (BRCs) in Europe. These cultures collections have a long and respected tradition in training people that are involved in microbial taxonomy, preservation and management. Advanced and bespoke courses on related topics add high value to the European educational community and create a knowledge-based training network. Under the framework of EMbaRC, the training programmes offered by the consortium were surveyed and schemes were proposed to establish an educational community to create a knowl…
Les souches d'E. coli résistantes aux antibiotiques
2016
National audience; Le projet "CIREC" vise à étudier la prévalence et la caractérisation des souches d’E.coli productrices de β-lactamase à spectre élargi (BLSE) de type CTX-M dans les eaux usées et les boues issues d’une quarantaine de stations d’épuration (STEP) de la région Bourgogne. Puis, il s’agira d’identifier et caractériser les voies possibles de transfert de ces souches, les rejets d’effluents traités des STEP dans les rivières pouvant avoir des conséquences sur la contamination de la faune aquatique d’eau douce.
Assessment of the impact of the cultivation of different cultivars of maize, including Bt-maize varieties, on soil- and plant-associated microbial an…
2008
communication orale invitée; We will present a synthesis of the results of our study aiming at evaluating the impact of the cultivation of different maize genotypes (Monumental, DKC3420, DK315, DKC5143, DKC5783) and of corresponding Bt-maize genotypes tolerant to the pyrale production (Mon810, TXP138-F, DKc3946, DK5018, DKc5783Bt), on soil microflora. This analysis has been conducted on three compartments: the soil, the rhizosphere (defined as the soil in contact with the root) and the root (colonisation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi).This study has been performed in a greenhouse experiment settled to estimate the impact produced by the cultivation of the different maize genotypes on: (i)…