Search results for "Balance"
showing 10 items of 1379 documents
Transport equations of electrodiffusion processes in the laboratory reference frame.
2006
The transport equations of electrodiffusion processes use three reference frames for defining the fluxes: Fick's reference in diffusion, solvent-fixed reference in transference numbers, and laboratory fluxes in electric conductivity. The convenience of using only one reference frame is analyzed here from the point of view of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes. A relation between the fluxes of ions and solvent and the electric current density is deduced first from a mass and volume balance. This is then used to show that (i) the laboratory and Fick's diffusion coefficients are identical and (ii) the transference numbers of both the solvent and the ion in the laboratory reference fr…
Electrosynthesis of Poly(alanine)-Like Peptides in Concentrated Alanine Based Electrolytes, Characterization Coupled to DFT Study and Application to …
2014
The anodic oxidation of concentrated l-alanine on smooth electrodes such as platinum and glassy carbon electrodes was studied. Contrary to the previous studies performed up to now with diluted l-alanine, the electrochemical process generated here results in a completely different situation. The oxidation on smooth platinum was carried out by electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) coupled to cyclic voltammetry technique. The effects of concentration, scan rate, and pH (zwitterion at pH = 6 and alkaline media at pH = 13) on potential values were examined. Glassy carbon and smooth gold electrodes showed the same behavior as on smooth platinum electrode. Spectroscopic analysis such …
Alternating current electrogravimetry of copper electrodissolution in a sulfuric acid solution
2017
Abstract Copper electrodissolution processes have been studied by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and ac-electrogravimetry (mass impedance). During ac-electrogravimetry acquisition, mass decreases or increases due to the electrodissolution or the electrodeposition of copper, respectively. As a result, this continuous mass drift makes impossible obtaining a true ac-electrogravimetry response unless a numerical correction was applied. It has been compared the electrochemical behavior of copper layers previously treated and other freshly deposited on the gold electrode of the quartz crystal microbalance. The simultaneous analysis of both impedance functions has allowed separati…
Evaluation of adhesion forces for the manipulation of micro-objects in submerged environment through deposition of pH responsive polyelectrolyte laye…
2016
Optimization of surface treatment for reversible adhesion of micro-objects in liquid environment for the need in microassembly processes is presented. A spherical borosilicate probe and planar oxidized silicon wafer substrates were modified by deposition of pH sensitive polyelectrolyte films through layer-by-layer technique. Branched polyethylenimine (b-PEI) and poly(sodium styrenesulfonate) (PSS) were deposited in alternating manner on surfaces, and the influence of polyelectrolyte concentration, pH of deposition, and number of layers on the adhesion were successively examined. The multilayer buildup was followed by optical reflectometry (OR) and dissipative quartz crystal microbalance (QC…
New aspects of scattering and absorbing properties of atmospheric aerosol particles
1972
Abstract Knowledge of the scattering and absorbing processes of the atmospheric aerosol particles in the solar wavelength range is necessary in order to calculate the energy balance of the atmosphere. Both of these depend on the relative humidity of the air. Until now little was known of the behavior of the particles. This paper shows experimental and theoretical results of the real and imaginary part of the refractive index of the aerosol particles at different relative humidities.
Functional characterization of SARS-CoV-2 infection suggests a complex inflammatory response and metabolic alterations
2020
AbstractCovid-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has reached the category of a worldwide pandemic. Even though intensive efforts, no effective treatments or a vaccine are available. Molecular characterization of the transcriptional response in Covid-19 patients could be helpful to identify therapeutic targets. In this study, RNAseq data from peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from Covid-19 patients and healthy controls was analyzed from a functional point of view using probabilistic graphical models. Two networks were built: one based on genes differentially expressed between healthy and infected individuals and another one based on the 2,000 most variable genes in terms of expressi…
Energy balance and life cycle assessment of small size residential solar heating and cooling systems equipped with adsorption chillers
2017
Abstract Solar heating and cooling systems for space heating and cooling are experiencing a growing trend and interest. However, the actual energy and environmental performance of small/medium size installations is not clearly foreseeable. In this paper, an analysis of such systems using adsorption chillers in different European climates is presented. Solar systems have been simulated in TRNSYS and compared to a conventional system employing a vapour compression unit. The results have been used for a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study, determining the potential impact during the whole life of the system, from raw materials supply to its end-of-life. The LCA has been carried out by using the …
Einflu� eines diphenolischen Laxans (Bisacodyl) auf den Wasser- und Elektrolyttransport im menschlichen Colon
1974
Bei 5 Versuchspersonen wurde die Wirkung von Bisacodyl auf die Wasser- und Elektrolytbewegungen im menschlichen Colon untersucht. Das Colon wurde durch eine Sonde perfundiert, die in das Coecum plaziert wurde. Die Perfusionslosung enthielt NaCl (140 maq/l) als Chlorid und Bicarbonat und K (2,8 maq/l) als Chlorid sowie14C-Polyathylenglykol als Marker. Sie wurde mit einer Rate von 10 ml/min perfundiert und uber ein Darmrohr im Rectum wieder aufgefangen.
Analytical-numerical methods for investigation of hidden oscillations in nonlinear control systems
2011
The method of harmonic linearization, numerical methods, and the applied bifurcation the- ory together discover new opportunities for analysis of oscillations of control systems. In the present survey analytical-numerical algorithms for hidden oscillation localization are discussed. Examples of hidden attrac- tor localization in Chua's circuit and counterexamples construction to Aizerman's conjecture and Kalman's conjecture are considered.
Cerebral Dynamics during the Observation of Point-Light Displays Depicting Postural Adjustments
2017
Objective: As highly social creatures, human beings rely part of their skills of identifying, interpreting, and predicting the actions of others on the ability of perceiving biological motion. In the present study, we aim to investigate the electroencephalographic (EEG) cerebral dynamics involved in the coding of postural control and examine whether upright stance would be codified through the activation of the temporal-parietal cortical network classically enrolled in the coding of biological motion. Design: We registered the EEG activity of 12 volunteers while they passively watched point light displays (PLD) depicting quiet stable (QB) and an unstable (UB) postural situations and their r…