Search results for "Base Sequence"

Differentiative pathway activated by 3-aminobenzamide, an inhibitor of PARP, in human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells

2004

AbstractThis study describes the molecular mechanism by which treatment with 3-AB, a potent inhibitor of PARP, allows human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells to restrict growth and enter differentiation. Our findings show that in MG-63 cells, aberrant gene expression keeps Rb protein constitutively inactivated through hyperphosphorylation and this promotes uncontrolled proliferation of the cells. After 3-AB-treatment, the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of nuclear proteins markedly decreases and this results in an increase in both the hypophosphorylated active form of Rb and pRb/E2F complexes. These effects are accompanied by G1 arrest, downregulation of gene products required for proliferation (cyclin D1, β…

ABG1 , a Novel and Essential Candida albicans Gene Encoding a Vacuolar Protein Involved in Cytokinesis and Hyphal Branching

2005

ABSTRACT Immunoscreening of a Candida albicans expression library resulted in the isolation of a novel gene encoding a 32.9-kDa polypeptide (288 amino acids), with 27.7% homology to the product of Saccharomyces cerevisiae YGR106c, a putative vacuolar protein. Heterozygous mutants in this gene displayed an a ltered b udding g rowth pattern, characterized by the formation of chains of buds, decreasingly in size towards the apex, without separation of the daughter buds. Consequently, this gene was designated ABG1 . A conditional mutant for ABG1 with the remaining allele under the control of the MET3 promoter did not grow in the presence of methionine and cysteine, demonstrating that ABG1 was e…

Characterization of a disulphide-bound Pir-cell wall protein (Pir-CWP) ofYarrowia lipolytica

2003

In this work we have studied the disulphide-bound group of cell wall mannoproteins of Yarrowia lipolytica and Candida albicans. In the case of Y. lipolytica, SDS-PAGE analysis of the beta-mercaptoethanol-extracted material from the purified cell walls of the yeast form, showed the presence of a main polypeptide of 45 kDa and some minor bands in the 100-200 kDa range. This pattern of bands is similar to that obtained in identical extracts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Moukadiri et al., 1999), and besides, all these bands cross-react with an antibody raised against beta-mercaptoethanol-extracted material from the purified cell walls of S. cerevisiae, suggesting that the 45 kDa band could be th…

Exposure to cadmium chloride influences astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) expression in MDA-MB231 human breast cancer cells

2011

Abstract It is known that cadmium (Cd) is able to regulate gene expression, drastically affecting the pattern of transcriptional activity and intracellular signalization in normal and pathological human cells. We have already shown that Cd exerts a cytotoxic effect on neoplastic MDA-MB231 cells from the human breast, which is characterized by the onset of a “non-classical” apoptotic kind of death, impairment of mitochondrial activity and drastic changes in gene expression pattern. In the present study, employing a combination of conventional and differential display-PCR techniques, immunocytochemical, ELISA and Western analyses, we extended the knowledge on the transcriptional modulation ex…

Human renal tubular epithelial cells as target cells for antibodies to proteinase 3 (c-ANCA)

1997

Regulation of IL-12 p40 Promoter Activity in Primary Human Monocytes: Roles of NF-κB, CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein β, and PU.1 and Identification o…

2001

Abstract Appropriate regulation of IL-12 expression is critical for cell-mediated immune responses. In the present study, we have analyzed the regulation of IL-12 p40 promoter activity in primary human monocytes in vivo. Accordingly, we analyzed the p40 promoter by in vivo footprinting in resting and activated primary human blood CD14+ monocytes. Interestingly, footprints at binding sites for trans-activating proteins such as C/EBP, NF-κB, and ETS were only found upon stimulation with LPS and IFN-γ. In contrast, a footprint over a purine-rich sequence at −155, termed GA-12 (GATA sequence in the IL-12 promoter), was observed in resting, but not activated, cells. Further characterization of t…

Expression of Putative Fatty Acid Transporter Genes Are Regulated by Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor α and γ Activators in a Tissue- and I…

1998

Regulation of gene expression of three putative long-chain fatty acid transport proteins, fatty acid translocase (FAT), mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase (mAspAT), and fatty acid transport protein (FATP), by drugs that activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha and gamma were studied using normal and obese mice and rat hepatoma cells. FAT mRNA was induced in liver and intestine of normal mice and in hepatoma cells to various extents only by PPARalpha-activating drugs. FATP mRNA was similarly induced in liver, but to a lesser extent in intestine. The induction time course in the liver was slower for FAT and FATP mRNA than that of an mRNA encoding a peroxisomal en…

The Transcription Factor T-bet Regulates Mucosal T Cell Activation in Experimental Colitis and Crohn's Disease

2002

The balance between pro and antiinflammatory cytokines secreted by T cells regulates both the initiation and perpetuation of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In particular, the balance between interferon (IFN)-gamma/interleukin (IL)-4 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta activity controls chronic intestinal inflammation. However, the molecular pathways that evoke these responses are not well understood. Here, we describe a critical role for the transcription factor T-bet in controlling the mucosal cytokine balance and clinical disease. We studied the expression and function of T-bet in patients with IBD and in mucosal T cells in various T helper (Th)1- and Th2-mediated animal models …

Differential expression of alternative H2-M isoforms in B cells, dendritic cells and macrophages by proinflammatory cytokines.

1999

Major histocompatibility (MHC) class II heterodimers bind peptides generated by degradation of endocytosed antigens and display them on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs) for recognition by CD4+ T cells. Efficient loading of MHC class II molecules with peptides is catalyzed by the MHC class II-like molecule H2-M. The coordinate regulation of MHC class II and H2-M expression is a prerequisite for efficient MHC class II/peptide assembly in APCs determining both the generation of the T cell repertoire in the thymus and cellular immune responses in the periphery. Here we show that expression of H2-M and MHC class II genes is coordinately and cell type-specific regulated in splenic B…

EcFLO, a FLORICAULA-like gene from Eschscholzia californica is expressed during organogenesis at the vegetative shoot apex.

2003

FLORICAULA/ LEAFY-like genes were initially characterized as flower meristem identity genes. In a range of angiosperms, expression occurs also in vegetative shoot apices and developing leaves, and in some species with dissected leaves expression is perpetuated during organogenesis at the leaf marginal blastozone. The evolution of these expression patterns and associated functions is not well understood. We have isolated and characterized a FLORICAULA-like gene from California Poppy, Eschscholzia californica Cham. (Papaveraceae), a species belonging to the basal eudicot clade Ranunculales. EcFLO encodes a putative 416-amino-acid protein with highest similarity to homologous genes from Trocho…