Search results for "Beak"
showing 10 items of 60 documents
Tetraphyllidean plerocercoids from Western Mediterranean cetaceans and other marine mammals around the world: a comprehensive morphological analysis.
2005
Tetraphyllidean plerocercoids have occasionally been reported in marine mammals, but they have rarely been described in detail, and the ecological significance of these infections is unclear. We described plerocercoids collected from the mucosa of the terminal colon and rectum, the anal crypts, and the hepatopancreatic ducts of 7 striped dolphins Stenella coeruleoalba, 1 Cuvier's beaked whale Ziphius cavirostris, and 3 Risso's dolphins Grampus griseus from the Spanish Mediterranean. We also examined undescribed plerocercoids from 3 cetacean species from the Atlantic and the Pacific. All plerocercoids had a lanceolate body, and a scolex with an apical sucker and 4 sessile monolocular bothrid…
4000 years of human dietary evolution in central Germany, from the first farmers to the first elites
2018
Investigation of human diet during the Neolithic has often been limited to a few archaeological cultures or single sites. In order to provide insight into the development of human food consumption and husbandry strategies, our study explores bone collagen carbon and nitrogen isotope data from 466 human and 105 faunal individuals from 26 sites in central Germany. It is the most extensive data set to date from an enclosed geographic microregion, covering 4,000 years of agricultural history from the Early Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age. The animal data show that a variety of pastures and dietary resources were explored, but that these changed remarkably little over time. In the human δ15N h…
Emerging genetic patterns of the european neolithic: Perspectives from a late neolithic bell beaker burial site in Germany
2011
The transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture in Europe is associated with demographic changes that may have shifted the human gene pool of the region as a result of an influx of Neolithic farmers from the Near East. However, the genetic composition of populations after the earliest Neolithic, when a diverse mosaic of societies that had been fully engaged in agriculture for some time appeared in central Europe, is poorly known. At this period during the Late Neolithic (ca. 2,8002,000 BC), regionally distinctive burial patterns associated with two different cultural groups emerge, Bell Beaker and Corded Ware, and may reflect differences in how these societies were organized. Ancie…
Carotenoid trade-off between parasitic resistance and sexual display: an experimental study in the blackbird (Turdus merula).
2008
Many parasites depress the expression of the carotenoid-based colour displays of their hosts, and it has been hypothesized that animals face a trade-off in carotenoid allocation between immune functions and ‘degree of ornamentation’. While numerous correlative studies suggest that parasite infection decreases the intensity of carotenoid-based colour displays, the existence of this trade-off has never been demonstrated experimentally in a host–parasite model. In this study, we used the blackbird ( Turdus merula ) and Isospora (an intestinal parasite) to assess whether this trade-off does indeed exist. Blackbirds were supplemented with carotenoids while simultaneously being exposed to parasi…
Parasites in Stranded Cetaceans of Patagonia
2008
There is an increasing interest in parasites of marine mammals of Argentina. Here, we examined several poorly known cetaceans, i.e., 2 spectacled porpoises and 1 Burmeister's porpoise (Phocoenidae), and 1 Gray's beaked whale and 1 Cuvier's beaked whale (Ziphidae); we also updated the parasite information for 1 sperm whale (Physeteridae). These hosts strand only occasionally. We found Anisakis simplex s.l. in 2 spectacled porpoises and the Burmeister's porpoise, and recorded its distribution among the stomach chambers. Anisakis physeteris infected the sperm whale; Corynosoma cetaceum occurred in the duodenal ampulla of the Burmeister's porpoise; Corynosoma australe was found in the posterior…
Gastrointestinal helminths of cuvier’s beaked whales, ziphius cavirostris, From the Western Mediterranean
2004
We examined the gastrointestinal helminth fauna of 2 Cuvier's beaked whales, Ziphius cavirostris, stranded on the Spanish Mediterranean coast. Information regarding intestinal parasites of this species is provided for the first time. Six helminth taxa were identified. Thirty type II larvae of the nematode Anisakis sp. were found in the stomach and the intestine of both hosts; 2 type I larvae of Anisakis sp. were found in the intestine of 1 host. One juvenile of the acanthocephalan Bolbosoma vasculosum was found in the intestine; the metacestode Scolex pleuronectis was found mainly in the terminal colon and the anal crypts of both hosts; adult cestodes of Tetrabothrius sp., which may represe…
Interpreting the Beaker phenomenon in Mediterranean France: an Iron Age analogy
2012
http://antiquity.ac.uk/ant/086/ant0860131.htm; International audience; The author offers a new descriptive explanation of the Beaker phenomenon, by focusing on Mediterranean France and making reference to the Greek influx in the same area 2000 years later. In the Iron Age, the influence began with an exploratory phase, and then went on to create new settlements and colonise new areas away from the coast. The Beaker analogy is striking, with phases of exploration and implantation and acculturation, but adjusted to include a final phase where Beaker practice was more independent. Comparing the numerous models put forward to explain it, the author shows that immigration and a cultural package …
Explorations, implantations et diffusions : le "phénomène" campaniforme en France méditerranéenne
2004
In the south-east of France, the first Bell Beaker expansion is manifested by the presence of isolated ceramics but also by a series of settlements established in contact with the indigenous populations. Analysis of the assemblages, their composition and their distribution makes it possible to propose a model of the appearance and development of the Bell Beaker phenomenon but also the probable origin of the elements present in this area.
2500 avant notre ère : l’implantation campaniforme en France méditerranéenne
2013
Around 2 500 BC, drinking beakers with a characteristic pattern appeared in diverse areas of Europe. They are frequently associated with other kinds of materials, like specific ornaments and weapons. This set defines what is called the Bell Beaker phenomenon. In Southern France, more than 600 sites are known. In this very rich European study area, it is possible to study the nature and origin of this phenomenon, and question its poten-tial exogenous components, its modes of establishment and development, and its rela-tionship with local groups that had already settled in the South of France. Consequently, a layout similar to the Greek colonization model of the Mediterranean coast is proposed
Phénomène, culture et tradition : statuts et r̂oles du Campaniforme au IIIe millénaire dans le Sud-Est de la France
1998
Abstract The "Bell Beaker " complex should not be globally perceived, because it seems to include several different entities, as shown by its variations in space and time. A regional approach, in south-eastern France, outlines the existence of a first " Bell Beaker Phenomenon " and its spread in Late Neolithic societies. This relatively marginal phenomenon quickly becomes an actual independent "Bell Beaker Culture ", with different geographical fades. These may have been in contact with surviving local cultures. In the Early Bronze Age, a "Bell Beaker Tradition " integrates some new elements brought in from outside, and seems to extend the Bell Beaker culture. The role of this " Bell Beaker…