Search results for "Behavior"

Chemical composition of the essential oil of Centaurea grinensis Reuter and Centaurea apiculata Ledeb: Growing wild in Croatia and Bulgaria, respecti…

2016

AbstractIn the present study, the chemical composition of the essential oils from aerial parts of Centaurea grinensis Reuter (K) collected at Žuta Lova, near Senj (Croatia), and aerial parts (L1) and flowers (L2) of C. apiculata Ledeb. collected near Rebro village, near Breznik town, Znepole Region (Bulgaria), both belonging to subgenus Lopholoma (Cass.) Dobrocz, was evaluated by GC and GC-MS. The main components of K were 4-vinyl guaiacol (21.5%), hexadecanoic acid (16.2%), acetophenone (12.5%). Caryophyllene oxide (15.8%) together with sphathulenol (14.5%) and humulene epoxide II (9.4%) were recognized as the main constituent of both the aerial part (L1) and flowers (L2) of C. apiculata. …

Editorial: Neurobehavioural Mechanisms of Resilience and Vulnerability in Addictive Disorders

2021

Last millennium northern hemisphere summer temperatures from tree rings: Part I: The long term context

2016

Текст статьи не публикуется в открытом доступе в соответствии с политикой журнала. Large-scale millennial length Northern Hemisphere (NH) temperature reconstructions have been progressively improved over the last 20 years as new datasets have been developed. This paper, and its companion (Part II, Anchukaitis et al. in prep), details the latest tree-ring (TR) based NH land air temperature reconstruction from a temporal and spatial perspective. This work is the first product of a consortium called N-TREND (Northern Hemisphere Tree-Ring Network Development) which brings together dendroclimatologists to identify a collective strategy for improving large-scale summer temperature reconstructions…

Exploring determinants of different information security behaviors

2016

Aim: The aim was to introduce new explanatory construct, namely illegitimate tasks from Stress-as-Offense-to-Self Theory (SOS), to better understand information security behavior (ISB). In addition, more commonly used constructs from Deterrence theory (DT) and Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) were used to explain ISB. This study also investigated several behaviors separately to evaluate the generalizability of the behavioral determinants. Methods: Four ISBs, namely general ISP compliance (ISP), not copying sensitive information to the unsecured USB drive (USB), locking or logging out from the computer (LOG), and not writing down passwords (PSW). Formal and informal sanctions from DT, thre…

Not just the sum of its parts : Geographic variation and nonadditive effects of pyrazines in the chemical defence of an aposematic moth

2022

Chemical defences often vary within and between populations both in quantity and quality, which is puzzling if prey survival is dependent on the strength of the defence. We investigated the within- and between-population variability in chemical defence of the wood tiger moth (Arctia plantaginis). The major components of its defences, SBMP (2-sec-butyl-3-methoxypyrazine) and IBMP (2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine), are volatiles that deter bird attacks. We hypothesized that (1) variation in the chemical defences of male wood tiger moths reflects the local predation pressure; (2) observed differences in quantity and quality of defence among populations have a genetic basis; and (3) increasing con…

Comparative transcriptomics of albino and warningly‐coloured caterpillars

2021

Abstract Coloration is perhaps one of the most prominent adaptations for survival and reproduction of many taxa. Coloration is of particular importance for aposematic species, which rely on their coloring and patterning acting as a warning signal to deter predators. Most research has focused on the evolution of warning coloration by natural selection. However, little information is available for color mutants of aposematic species, particularly at the genomic level. Here, I compare the transcriptomes of albino mutant caterpillars of the aposematic wood tiger moth (Arctia plantaginis) to those of their full sibs having their distinctive orange‐black warning coloration. The results showed >29…

Motives for competitive sports participation in masters track and field athletes : Impact of sociodemographic factors and competitive background

2022

Objectives Masters athletes due to their lifelong engagement in sport represent a unique group to study motivation for regular physical activity, but there is less scientific data on the sport motives in masters athletes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association of age, sex, education, nationality, competitive background and training amount with sport motives of masters track and field athletes. Methods 811 (254 women) athletes aged 35–89 years participated in European Veterans Athletics Championships in the year of 2000. Sport motives were assessed with a questionnaire and categorized into1) well-being, 2) competitive and performance 3) health and fitness motives. R…

Mental Skills of an Athlete as a Resource of Professional Longevity in Sport

2021

The aim of the study was to assess associations between dimensions of mental skills, psychological readiness and predictors of career longevity among current athletes. Mental skills dimensions were measured with the Ottawa Mental Skills Assessment Tool (OMSAT). The psychological predictors of athletic career longevity were measured with the Athletic Coping Skills Scale-28 (the ACSI-28) producing scores for seven coping skills and with the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) which produced scores for confidence in competition. Overall, 253 current athletes (average age 22 years) of various competitive levels (classified to 5 groups according to the national sport classification sy…

Parents in face of addictive behavior of their children in the Polish outpatient support system – a program proposal of working with family

2017

The factors such as dynamic changes in risky attitudes of adolescents and a growing awareness of parents create present need for support operations for families. There is a loophole in the Polish system regarding the support of the family in a situation where their children present addictive behavior such as: drug use, compulsive use of the internet and video games. Polish schools employ preventive actions and pedagogical clinics have rehabilitation programs for children with school problems. However, it is difficult to find places where parents have an opportunity to exercise and to learn how to overcome parenting diffi culties. In this article an example of a program for parents and child…

The Level of Environmental Awareness as a Determinant of Attitudes and Behaviors Developed by Inhabiltans of Towns and Villages – a Comparative Case …

2017

Today, the more and more intensive use of natural resources and consequent environmental degradation have made the issue of sustainable development a central place in many discussions going on in scientific circles. In this light, ecological awareness, as well as pro-ecological attitudes and behaviors of people seem to be only too significant. The aim of this article is to present the results of research conducted among the inhabitants of the Municipality of Zawadzkie, Opole Voivodeship. The study examined the relation between the level of environmental awareness and manifestations of environmental attitudes and behaviors. The obtained results were also subjected to a comparative analysis o…