Search results for "Behavioural Science"
showing 10 items of 40 documents
Research trends in the journal Hormones and Behavior (1987-2000).
2003
As a continuation of the study carried out by Svare more than 15 years ago (Horm. Behav. 22 (1988), 139) and to determine the tendencies of the evolution of behavioral endocrinology since then, our aim was to extend his work until 2000, assuming that the journal Hormones and Behavior would be representative of the field at large. To study this 14-year period and compare it with Svare's data, we kept the same criteria and categories, behavioral patterns, and species. Our results show that "sexual behavior" in "rodents" is still the most extensive field studied by behavioral endocrinologists, although frequency of other topics is increasing, above all "aggressive and emotional responses," and…
Profesjonsetiske utfordringer i et helseforetak : en kvalitativ studie av sykepleiere ved to psykiatriske akuttposter i et helseforetak
2013
Avhandling for graden philosophiae doctor Universitetet i Agder, Fakultet for humaniora og pedagogikk “Professional Ethical Challenges within a Health Enterprise” is a qualitative study of 14 nurses and 2 unity heads of two psychiatric emergency posts in a psychiatric health care enterprise. The study explores modern challenges that these nursing personnel meet at work: challenges that require of them an increasing degree of regulation and standardization. The study is defined and limited by two research questions: 1. Which ethical and moral challenges do these nurses experience? 2. Does the implementation of governmental reforms affect the nurses` possibilities for acting as professional n…
Construct validity of the Moral Development Scale for Professionals (MDSP)
2011
Olle Söderhamn1,2, John Olav Bjørnestad1, Anne Skisland1, Christina Cliffordson21Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Grimstad and Kristiansand, Norway; 2Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, University West, Trollhättan, SwedenAbstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the construct validity of the Moral Development Scale for Professionals (MDSP) using structural equation modeling. The instrument is a 12-item self-report instrument, developed in the Scandinavian cultural context and based on Kohlberg’s theory. A hypothesized simplex structure model underlying the MDSP was tested through structural equation modeling. …
Treneradferd : en studie om sammenhengen mellom treneratferd og utøvertilfredshet i elitehåndball for kvinner i Norge
2010
Masteroppgave i idrettsvitenskap Universitetet i Agder 2010 Formålet med studien var å undersøke i hvilken grad treneresadferd har innvirkning på utøvers tilfredshet.110 eliteseriespillere fra 10 forskjellige håndballag for kvinner har deltatt i studien. For å undersøke treneratferd ble Leadership Scale of Sport (LSS) og deler av Coaching Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) benyttet. LSS måler fem ulikeaspekter av treneratferd; Trening og instruksjonsatferd, Sosial støtte, Positiv feedback, Autokratisk atferd og Demokratiskferd. Fra CBQ benyttes delskalaen: Negativ aktivering under kamp. For å undersøke utøvers tilfredshet ble følgende delskala i Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaire (ASQ) benyttet: …
Increasing Vaccine Acceptance and Uptake: A Review of the Evidence
2021
This article reviews the latest research on behavioral interventions to increase vaccine acceptance and uptake identifying the policies that work and underlying the determinants of their success. We focus primarily on studies that appeared after the publication of Brewer et al.’s (2017) in-depth survey of the behavioral literature on vaccination. We identify four major types of interventions that were tested in the lab, online or in the field: social norms-based interventions, opting-out strategies, reminders and recalls, and loss-framed/gain-framed messages (tailored to a particular population or not). Studies covered in this article can be a valuable resource to researchers as well as to …
The Impact of the Progressive Efficiency Test on a Rowing Ergometer on White Blood Cells Distribution and Clinical Chemistry Changes in Paralympic Ro…
2017
Abstract There is a large gap in knowledge regarding research on post-exercise blood changes in disabled athletes. There are relatively few data on adaptive mechanisms to exercise in disabled athletes, including disabled rowers. Two rowers from a Polish adaptive rowing settle TAMix2x that qualified for the Paralympic Games in Rio, 2016 took part in this study. They performed a progressive test on a rowing ergometer until exhaustion. The cardiorespiratory fitness measures, complete blood count, white blood cells’ distribution and 30 clinical chemistry variables describing laboratory diagnostic profiles and general health were determined. The extreme effort induced changes in all studied meta…
Interpersonal Distance in the SARS-CoV-2 Crisis
2020
Background Mandatory rules for social distancing to curb the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic require individuals to maintain a critical interpersonal distance above 1.5 m. However, this contradicts our natural preference, which is closer to 1 m for non-intimate encounters, for example, when asking a stranger for directions. Objective This review addresses how humans typically regulate interpersonal distances, in order to highlight the challenges of enforcing atypically large interpersonal distances. Method To understand the challenges posed by social distancing requirements, we integrate relevant contributions from visual perception, social perception, and human factors. Results To date, research on pr…
The need for a behavioural science focus in research on mental health and mental disorders
2013
Psychology as a science offers an enormous diversity of theories, principles, and methodological approaches to understand mental health, abnormal functions and behaviours and mental disorders. A selected overview of the scope, current topics as well as strength and gaps in Psychological Science may help to depict the advances needed to inform future research agendas specifically on mental health and mental disorders. From an integrative psychological perspective, most maladaptive health behaviours and mental disorders can be conceptualized as the result of developmental dysfunctions of psychological functions and processes as well as neurobiological and genetic processes that interact with …
Development of healthy eating habits early in life. Review of recent evidence and selected guidelines
2011
Encouraging healthy eating habit development early in life is a way to prevent the onset of diet-related diseases. This review focuses on the period ranging from the beginning of complementary feeding until the age of 3 years. Its first objective was to review relevant themes in the most recent literature on the development of healthy eating habits in this period. Its second objective was to evaluate to what extent international and national feeding guidelines cover these themes. Analysed guidelines included WHO, European Network for Public Health Nutrition, US and two European national guidelines (UK and France). They were evaluated using a 4-pt scale and compared. Well-covered themes in c…
Effects of school-based physical activity on mathematics performance in children: a systematic review
2019
AbstractBackgroundThe benefits of physical activity (PA) on children’s health and wellbeing are well established. However, the benefits of PA on academic performance and particularly on mathematics performance warrant systematic analysis. Mathematics is one of the core subjects in school education globally.MethodsWe systematically searched, analysed and synthesized the literature on the effects of school-based PA interventions on mathematics performance in children aged 4–16. A total of 29 studies consisting of randomised trials and other interventions with control groups were identified through a systematic search, and 11 of them provided sufficient data and appropriate design for a meta-a…