Search results for "Benzoates"

showing 10 items of 102 documents

Telmisartan as metabolic modulator: a new perspective in sports doping?

2011

The World Antidoping Agency (WADA) has introduced some changes in the 2012 prohibited list. Among the leading innovations to the rules are that both 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-[beta]-D-ribofuranoside (peroxisome proliferator�activated receptor-[delta] [PPAR-[delta]]-5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase [AMPK] agonist) and GW1516 (PPAR-[delta]-agonist) are no longer categorized as gene doping substances in the new 2012 prohibited list but as metabolic modulators in the class �Hormone and metabolic modulators.� This may also be valid for the angotensin II receptor blocker telmisartan. It has recently been shown that telmisartan might induce similar biochemical, biological…

Agonistmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptorPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationdopingBenzoatesMiceGene dopingInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineTelmisartanMuscle SkeletalDoping in Sportschemistry.chemical_classificationFiber typeTelmisartan; doping; sport.business.industryAMPKGeneral MedicineRatssport.EndocrinologyMitochondrial biogenesischemistryBenzimidazolesTelmisartanbusinessAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockersmedicine.drug
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Knock-down of the oxysterol receptor LXRα impairs cholesterol efflux in human primary macrophages: lack of compensation by LXRβ activation.

2012

Liver X Receptors (LXRs) α and β are oxysterol-activated nuclear receptors involved in the control of lipid metabolism and inflammation. Pharmacological activation of LXR is promising in the treatment of atherosclerosis since it can promote cholesterol efflux from macrophages and prevent foam cell formation. However, the development of LXR agonists has been limited by undesirable side-effects such as hepatic steatosis mediated by LXRα activation. Therefore, it has been proposed that targeting LXRα activators to extrahepatic tissues or using LXRβ-specific activators could be used as alternative strategies. It is not clear whether these molecules will retain the full atheroprotective potentia…

Apolipoprotein Emedicine.medical_specialtyBenzylaminesOxysterolHydrocarbons FluorinatedPrimary Cell CultureBiochemistryBenzoatesApolipoproteins EInternal medicinemedicineHumansRNA Small InterferingReceptorLiver X receptorCells CulturedFoam cellLiver X ReceptorsPharmacologySulfonamidesbiologyApolipoprotein A-IMacrophagesOrphan Nuclear ReceptorsLipoproteins HDL2Cell biologyEndocrinologyCholesterolABCG1Nuclear receptorABCA1Gene Knockdown Techniquesbiology.proteinlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Biochemical pharmacology
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AT1-receptor blockade by telmisartan upregulates GTP-cyclohydrolase I and protects eNOS in diabetic rats.

2008

Several enzymatic sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were described as potential reasons of eNOS uncoupling in diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we investigated the effects of AT1-receptor blockade with chronic telmisartan (25 mg/kg/day, 6.5 weeks) therapy on expression of the BH4-synthesizing enzyme GTP-cyclohydrolase I (GCH-I), eNOS uncoupling, and endothelial dysfunction in streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg iv, 7 weeks)-induced diabetes mellitus (type I). Telmisartan therapy did not modify blood glucose and body weight. Aortas from diabetic animals had vascular dysfunction as revealed by isometric tension studies (acetylcholine and nitroglycerin potency). Vascular and cardiac RO…

Blood GlucoseMalemedicine.medical_specialtyNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIImedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryBenzoatesReceptor Angiotensin Type 1chemistry.chemical_compoundEnosPhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicineDiabetes MellitusAnimalsTelmisartanEndothelial dysfunctionRats WistarXanthine oxidaseGTP CyclohydrolaseNADPH oxidasebiologySuperoxideBody WeightNADPH Oxidasesmedicine.diseaseStreptozotocinbiology.organism_classificationMitochondriaRatsUp-RegulationEnzyme ActivationOxidative StressEndocrinologychemistrybiology.proteinBenzimidazolesTelmisartanAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersOxidative stressmedicine.drugFree radical biologymedicine
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Eltrombopag in chronic hepatitis C

2014

Chronic hepatitis C is a public health problem worldwide. Unfortunately, not all patients may benefit from antiviral therapy due to thrombocytopenia. Its causes are represented by portal hypertension and platelet sequestration in the spleen, decreased serum levels or activity of thrombopoietin, the bone marrow suppression induced by hepatitis C virus and a possible adverse effect of interferon. Thrombopoietin receptor analogs may contribute to increase platelet counts in these patients. Eltrombopag binds to another region of the thrombopoietin receptor compared to endogenous thrombopoietin and stimulates the proliferation and maturation of megakaryocytes and the platelet production in a dos…

Blood PlateletsCirrhosisHepatitis C virusEltrombopagmedicine.disease_causeAntiviral AgentsBenzoatesThrombopoiesischemistry.chemical_compoundRisk FactorsHematologic AgentsmedicineHumansThrombopoiesisThrombopoietinThrombopoietin receptorbusiness.industryGastroenterologyBone marrow failureMinireviewsGeneral MedicineHepatitis C Chronicmedicine.diseaseThrombocytopeniaHydrazinesTreatment OutcomeBone marrow suppressionchemistryImmunologyPyrazolesbusinessReceptors ThrombopoietinSignal TransductionWorld Journal of Gastroenterology
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A blend of polyphenolic compounds explains the stimulatory effect of red wine on human endothelial NO synthase

2005

A high intake of polyphenolic compounds is likely to have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. Especially red wine is a rich source of polyphenols, and we have previously shown that French red wine upregulates eNOS, a protective enzyme in the cardiovascular system. The current study tested (poly)phenolic constituents of red wine for their ability to enhance eNOS expression (and the activity of a 3.5-kb human eNOS promoter) in human EA.hy 926 endothelial cells. Of the compounds tested, we found 3,4',5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene (trans-resveratrol) to be the most efficacious stimulator of eNOS expression (and eNOS transcription), but this compound alone could not explain the total …

Cancer ResearchNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIPhysiologyClinical BiochemistryCyanidinMolecular ConformationWineBiochemistryAnthocyaninsFerulic acidchemistry.chemical_compoundPhenolsEnosStilbenesHydroxybenzoatesVanillic acidCaffeic acidHumansRNA MessengerGallic acidFlavonoidsDose-Response Relationship DrugbiologyPolyphenolsfood and beveragesbiology.organism_classificationMalvidinchemistryBiochemistryCinnamatesMyricetinEndothelium VascularNitric Oxide SynthaseNitric Oxide
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Gas—liquid chromatographic analyses

1984

Abstract The gas chromatography (GC) of n -alkyl acetates (CH 3 COOR), chloroacetates (CH 2 ClCOOR), dichloroacetates (CHCl 2 COOR) and trichloroacetates (CCl 3 COOR), where the alcohol chain length (R) varied between 1 and 8, and certain of their monochlorinated derivatives, 176 compounds altogether, has been studied on SE-30 and OV-351 glass capillary columns under the same operating conditions. The isomeric monochlorinated esters are eluted in direct order from the 1- chloro to the ω-chloro isomer, the separation of the isomers being complete on OV- 351. On SE-30, however, the peaks of the 6- and 7-chlorooctyl esters are partly overlapped. The separation of the mixtures of odd- and e…

Capillary actionAnalytical chemistryAlcoholFormyl groupAldehydeBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCapillary columnStraight chainpolycyclic compoundsStructural isomerOrganic chemistryMethyleneBenzoic acidchemistry.chemical_classificationPrimary (chemistry)General MedicineCapillary gas chromatographyBoiling pointChromatographic separationSalicylaldehydeNitrobenzoatesPolarlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Aliphatic compoundResolution (mass spectrometry)Polarity (physics)Carboxylic acidchemistry.chemical_elementBranching (polymer chemistry)Isothermal processTurn (biochemistry)ChlorinePhenolsQuartzAlkylTetradecaneChlorophenolDegree of unsaturationChromatographyGeminalElutionOrganic ChemistryChloroacetatesComplete resolutionReverse orderChain lengthchemistryChlorobenzeneFunctional groupNitroKovats retention indexNon polarGas chromatographyVicinalGas liquid chromatographicJournal of Chromatography A
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Phenolic Acid-Mediated Regulation of the padC Gene, Encoding the Phenolic Acid Decarboxylase of Bacillus subtilis

2008

ABSTRACT In Bacillus subtilis , several phenolic acids specifically induce expression of padC , encoding a phenolic acid decarboxylase that converts these antimicrobial compounds into vinyl derivatives. padC forms an operon with a putative coding sequence of unknown function, yveFG , and this coding sequence does not appear to be involved in the phenolic acid stress response (PASR). To identify putative regulators involved in the PASR, random transposon mutagenesis, combined with two different screens, was performed. PadR, a negative transcriptional regulator of padC expression, was identified. padR is not located in the vicinity of padC , and the expression of padR is low and appears const…

Carboxy-lyasesCarboxy-LyasesOperonMolecular Sequence DataElectrophoretic Mobility Shift AssayBacillus subtilisBiologyMicrobiologyGene Expression Regulation Enzymologic03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundBacterial ProteinsHydroxybenzoatesGene RegulationElectrophoretic mobility shift assay[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyAmino Acid SequenceMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologychemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesBase Sequence030306 microbiologyEffectorGene Expression Regulation BacterialPhenolic acidbiology.organism_classificationMolecular biologyRepressor ProteinsEnzymechemistryBiochemistryTransposon mutagenesisBacillus subtilis
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Knockout of thep-Coumarate Decarboxylase Gene fromLactobacillus plantarumReveals the Existence of Two Other Inducible Enzymatic Activities Involved i…

2000

ABSTRACTLactobacillus plantarumNC8 contains apdcgene coding forp-coumaric acid decarboxylase activity (PDC). A food grade mutant, designated LPD1, in which the chromosomalpdcgene was replaced with the deletedpdcgene copy, was obtained by a two-step homologous recombination process using an unstable replicative vector. The LPD1 mutant strain remained able to weakly metabolizep-coumaric and ferulic acids into vinyl derivatives or into substituted phenyl propionic acids. We have shown thatL. plantarumhas a second acid phenol decarboxylase enzyme, better induced with ferulic acid than withp-coumaric acid, which also displays inducible acid phenol reductase activity that is mostly active when gl…

Carboxy-lyasesCoumaric AcidsCarboxy-LyasesMutantGenetics and Molecular Biologymacromolecular substancesCoumaric acidApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyFerulic acidchemistry.chemical_compoundHydroxybenzoatesCloning Molecularchemistry.chemical_classificationEcologybiologyhemic and immune systemsMetabolismPhenolic acidHydrogen-Ion Concentrationbiology.organism_classificationLactobacillusElectroporationEnzymechemistryBiochemistryEnzyme InductionPropionatesOxidoreductasesGene DeletionLactobacillus plantarumFood ScienceBiotechnologyApplied and Environmental Microbiology
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Iron-Catalyzed C(sp2)–C(sp3) Cross-Coupling of Aryl Chlorobenzoates with Alkyl Grignard Reagents

2020

Aryl benzoates are compounds of high importance in organic synthesis. Herein, we report the iron-catalyzed C(sp2)&ndash

Chlorobenzoatesaryl estersPharmaceutical ScienceMedicinal chemistryArticleCatalysisAnalytical ChemistryCatalysislcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundironlcsh:Organic chemistryDrug Discoverycross-couplingPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAlkylchemistry.chemical_classificationNucleophilic additionMolecular StructureArylOrganic ChemistryBenzoatesChlorobenzoateschemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)Fe-catalysisFunctional groupKumada cross-couplingMolecular MedicineOrganic synthesisC–O activationIron CompoundsMolecules
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Displacement of phenprocoumon (Marcumar) from albumin by sulfonylurea compounds, suramin, and ioglycamic acid.

1972

The technique of Sephadex gel filtration was employed to characterize the effect of some sulfonylurea compounds, ioglycamic acid, and suramin on the binding of phenprocoumon to bovine serum albumin.

ChlorpropamideChlorpropamideSuraminTolbutamideSerum albuminSuraminIn Vitro TechniquesBenzoatesPhenprocoumonCoumarinsBenzyl CompoundsmedicineAnimalsBovine serum albuminPharmacologyChromatographyBinding SitesbiologyChemistryAlbuminAnticoagulantsDextransSerum Albumin BovineGeneral MedicineCarbutamideGlycolatesCarbutamideSulfonylurea CompoundsSephadexbiology.proteinChromatography GelIodobenzoatesCattlemedicine.drugProtein BindingNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology
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