Search results for "Benzophenone"

showing 10 items of 52 documents

Sunscreen Products as Emerging Pollutants to Coastal Waters

2013

A growing awareness of the risks associated with skin exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation over the past decades has led to increased use of sunscreen cosmetic products leading the introduction of new chemical compounds in the marine environment. Although coastal tourism and recreation are the largest and most rapidly growing activities in the world, the evaluation of sunscreen as source of chemicals to the coastal marine system has not been addressed. Concentrations of chemical UV filters included in the formulation of sunscreens, such as benzophehone 3 (BZ-3), 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC), TiO2 and ZnO, are detected in nearshore waters with variable concentrations along the day a…

Marine ChemistryMarine and Aquatic Scienceslcsh:MedicineHeavy MetalsOceanographyWater ChemistryAnalytical Chemistryvisual_art.visual_artistWater AnalysisWater QualityMicroalgaeWater pollutionlcsh:ScienceTitaniumMultidisciplinarySunbathingEcologyChemistryEcologyChemical OceanographyMarine EcologyChemical oceanographyZincChemistryEnvironmental chemistryvisual_artCoastal EcologyResearch ArticlePollutantsAlgal bloomPhosphatesBenzophenonesInhibitory Concentration 50Chemical AnalysisSunbathingMediterranean SeaHumansEnvironmental ChemistrySeawaterMarine ecosystemBiological oceanographyBiologyDiatomsPollutantBiological Oceanographylcsh:RKineticsSpainEarth SciencesSeawaterlcsh:QSunscreening AgentsWater Pollutants ChemicalEnvironmental Protection
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Regiochemical memory in the adiabatic photolysis of thymine-derived oxetanes. A combined ultrafast spectroscopic and CASSCF/CASPT2 computational stud…

2020

[EN] The photoinduced cycloreversion of oxetanes has been thoroughly investigated in connection with the photorepair of the well-known DNA (6-4) photoproducts. In the present work, the direct photolysis of the two regioisomers arising from the irradiation of benzophenone (BP) and 1,3-dimethylthymine (DMT), namely the head-to-head (HH-1) and head-to-tail (HT-1) oxetane adducts, has been investigated by combining ultrafast spectroscopy and theoretical multiconfigurational quantum chemistry analysis. Both the experimental and computational results agree with the involvement of an excited triplet exciplex(3)[BPMIDLINE HORIZONTAL ELLIPSISDMT]* for the photoinduced oxetane cleavage to generate(3)…

Materials science010405 organic chemistryPhotodissociationGeneral Physics and Astronomy010402 general chemistryOxetanePhotochemistry01 natural sciencesQuantum chemistry0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundQUIMICA ORGANICAIntersystem crossingchemistryExcited stateUltrafast laser spectroscopyBenzophenonePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryGround statePhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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Polymorph acceptor-based triads with photoinduced TADF for UV sensing

2021

Abstract In contrast to many donor–acceptor type organic luminophores exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), two deep blue TADF emitters designed in this work contain only typical electron accepting moieties with different electron accepting abilities. Derivatives of benzophenone and diphenylsulfone substituted with phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide donor moieties were synthesized and studied. In addition to the TADF, green to blue emission color switching and strong fluorescence intensity enhancement by more than 60 times was detected for THF solution of the derivative of phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide and benzophenone under increase of UV excitation dose. We proved by a variety of…

Materials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringGeneral ChemistryPhotochemistryAcceptorFluorescenceTolueneIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBenzophenoneEnvironmental ChemistrySinglet stateNaked eyeConformational isomerismExcitationChemical Engineering Journal
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Amorphous and crystalline polyetheretherketone: Mechanical properties and tissue reactions during a 3-year follow-up.

2007

The study was aimed to test the mechanical strength, structural stability, and tissue reactions of optically amorphous and crystalline polyetheretherketone (PEEK) plates during a 3-year follow-up in vivo and in vitro. The injection-moulded PEEK plates were implanted to the dorsal subcutis of 12 sheep, which were sacrificed at 6-156 weeks. Thereafter, the plates were subjected to tensile tests, and levels of crystallinity were assessed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Histological evaluation was carried out using the paraffin technique. In vitro properties were examined with the tensile test and DSC at 0-156 weeks. Tissue reactions were mild and fairly similar for the amorphous an…

Materials scienceYield (engineering)PolymersBiomedical EngineeringBiocompatible MaterialsPolyethylene GlycolsBiomaterialsProsthesis ImplantationCrystallinityBenzophenonesDifferential scanning calorimetryTensile StrengthUltimate tensile strengthMaterials TestingPeekAnimalsAnesthesiaComposite materialTensile testingInflammationSheepMetals and AlloysProstheses and ImplantsKetoneseye diseasesInternal FixatorsAmorphous solidEosinophilsCeramics and Compositessense organsElongationFollow-Up StudiesJournal of biomedical materials research. Part A
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Origin and correction of the deviations in retention times at increasing flow rate with Chromolith columns.

2010

Chromoliths can be used at flow rates beyond those feasible for conventional microparticulate packed columns. Ideally, the plots of the retention time versus the inverse of delivered flow rate should exhibit y-intercept of zero. However, significant positive deviations correlating with the solute polarity were observed for several compounds chromatographed with a Chromolith column, owing to the increased system pressure. Consequently, the dead time marker exhibits a smaller deviation, making the retention factors depend on the flow rate. Chromoliths are made of a silica-based monolith encapsulated within a PEEK tube, and should suffer larger stress with pressure than stainless steel columns…

Monolithic HPLC columnAcetonitrilesPolymersAnalytical chemistryBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryPolyethylene GlycolsStress (mechanics)PropanolaminesBenzophenonesPeekMonolithChromatography High Pressure Liquidgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryChromatographyChemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineDead timeKetonesSilicon DioxideVolumetric flow rateVolume (thermodynamics)Linear ModelsBar (unit)Journal of chromatography. A
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PPAR-γ Agonist GW1929 But Not Antagonist GW9662 Reduces TBBPA-Induced Neurotoxicity in Primary Neocortical Cells

2013

Tetrabromobisphenol A (2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dibromophenyl)propane; TBBPA) is a widely used brominated flame retardant. TBBPA induces neuronal damage, but the mechanism by which this occurs is largely unknown. We studied the possible involvement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) in TBBPA-induced apoptosis and toxicity in mouse primary neuronal cell cultures. TBBPA enhanced both, caspase-3 activity and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release in neocortical cells after 6 and 24 h of exposition. These data were supported at the cellular level with Hoechst 33342 staining. Immunoblot analyses showed that, compared with control cells, 10 μM TBBPA decreased the expression of…

PPAR-γTime FactorsNeuroscience(all)Polybrominated BiphenylsPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptorGW1929Caspase 3ApoptosisNeocortexPharmacologyBiologyToxicologyNeuroprotectionBenzophenonesMicemedicineNeurotoxicityAnimalsAnilidesReceptorCells Culturedchemistry.chemical_classificationNeuronsDose-Response Relationship DrugL-Lactate DehydrogenaseCaspase 3General NeuroscienceNeurotoxicityApoptotic bodymedicine.diseasePPAR gammaTBBPANeuroprotective AgentschemistryCell cultureApoptosisTyrosineNeurotoxicity SyndromesOriginal ArticleCentral Nervous System AgentsNeurotoxicity Research
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Intramolecular Interactions in the Triplet Excited States of Benzophenone–Thymine Dyads

2005

Time-resolved and product studies on the synthesized dyads 1 and 2 have provided evidence that the benzophenone-to-thymine orientation strongly influences intramolecular photophysical and photochemical processes. The prevailing reaction mechanism has been established as a Paterno-Büchi cycloaddition to give oxetanes 3-6; however, the ability of benzophenone to achieve a formal hydrogen abstraction from the methyl group of thymidine has also been evidenced by the formation of photoproducts 7 and 8. These processes have been observed only in the case of the cisoid dyad 1. Adiabatic photochemical cycloreversion of the oxetane ring is achieved upon direct photolysis to give the starting dyad 1 …

PhotochemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral ChemistryOxetaneHydrogen atom abstractionPhotochemistryCatalysisCycloadditionBenzophenoneschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryEthers CyclicExcited stateIntramolecular forceBenzophenoneTriplet stateThymineThymidineMethyl groupChemistry - A European Journal
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Resolving the Benzophenone DNA-Photosensitization Mechanism at QM/MM Level

2015

International audience; Benzophenone, the parent of the diarylketone family, is a versatile compound commonly used as a UV blocker. It may also trigger triplet-based DNA photosensitization. Therefore, benzophenone is involved in DNA photodamage induction. In the absence of experimentally resolved structure, the mechanism of DNA damage production remains elusive. Employing a hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics approach, here we address the spin transfer mechanism between this drug and proximal thymine, that is, the DNA nucleobase most prone to suffer triplet damages.

Photosensitizing AgentsDNA PhotosensitizationDNA damageChemistryDNAMolecular Dynamics SimulationPhotochemistryMolecular mechanicsQM/MM3. Good healthThymineNucleobaseQM/MM[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryBenzophenoneschemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsBenzophenoneEnergy TransferBenzophenoneQuantum TheoryGeneral Materials SciencePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDNA
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Size Reduction of CdSe/ZnS Core−Shell Quantum Dots Photosensitized by Benzophenone: Where Does the Cd(0) Go?

2011

The size of core-shell CdSe/ZnS quantum dots can be decreased by using the combined action of an n,π* aromatic ketone and UVA light. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy as well as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques gave information on the photosensitization mechanism and the eventual destiny of Cd(2+) and Se(2-) core ions. Our data support the electron transfer from the BP ketyl radical to Cd(2+), leading to Cd(0) and H(+), as well as to the recovery of benzophenone. Elemental Cd remains on the core and, eventually, can be oxidized to CdO. In addition, Se(2-) counterions disperse inside the solution mainly attached to protonated amine ligands. The Se(2-) combines with H(+), leadin…

Quenching (fluorescence)ChemistryAnalytical chemistryNanoparticleSurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsPhotochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundElectron transferKetylX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyQuantum dotElectrochemistryBenzophenoneGeneral Materials ScienceSpectroscopySpectroscopyLangmuir
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Efficient flow injection and sequential injection methods for spectrophotometric determination of oxybenzone in sunscreens based on reaction with Ni(…

2001

Spectrophotometric determination of a widely used UV-filter, such as oxybenzone, is proposed. The method is based on the complexation reaction between oxybenzone and Ni(II) in ammoniacal medium. The stoichiometry of the reaction, established by the Job method, was 1:1. Reaction conditions were studied and the experimental parameters were optimized, for both flow injection (FI) and sequential injection (SI) determinations, with comparative purposes. Sunscreen formulations containing oxybenzone were analyzed by the proposed methods and results compared with those obtained by HPLC. Data show that both FI and SI procedures provide accurate and precise results. The ruggedness, sensitivity and LO…

Reaction conditionsChromatographymedicine.diagnostic_testColor reactionAnalytical chemistryBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographySensitivity and Specificitychemistry.chemical_compoundSequential injectionBenzophenoneschemistryAmmoniaNickelSpectrophotometrySpectrophotometrymedicineIndicators and ReagentsOxybenzoneQuantitative analysis (chemistry)Sunscreening AgentsStoichiometryChromatography High Pressure LiquidFresenius' journal of analytical chemistry
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