Search results for "Biochar"
showing 10 items of 94 documents
BIOCHAR SURFACE PROPERTIES THROUGH APPLICATION OF AN INNOVATIVE NMR TECHNIQUE: FAST FIELD CYCLING RELAXOMETRY
2013
Biochar is a carbonaceous material obtained by pyrolysis of biomass feedstocks. It is applied to soils in order to improve fertility and mitigate greenhouse-gases emissions. In fact, from the one hand, biochar changes physical-chemical soil properties, thereby affecting soil fertility. From the other hand, biochar is resistant to chemical and biochemical degradation. For this reason, its use allows carbon sequestration in soils and consequent reduction of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Here, dynamics of water at the liquid-solid interface of water saturated biochars is discussed. Results revealed that water dynamics is affected by the nature of biochar parent biomasses. Moreover, biochar…
Improvement of physical, chemical and biochemical proprieties of a salt affected Alfisol by addition of biochar and gypsum
2017
Salinization is one of the major environmental problems threatening agricultural productivity. Soil salinization is defined as an excessive accumulation of salts within the soil profile. It negatively affects soil physical and chemical properties, as well as the biochemical ones. Reclamation of salt affected soils requires removal of soluble salts and Na+ from the soil exchange sites. Subsequently, salts are leached out the root zone by irrigation water when available. Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) is the most commonly used chemical amendment for reclamation of salt affected soils since it provides Ca2+ that replaces Na+ on the exchange sites and improves soil structure. Also organic amendments have …
Hydrocarbons removal from synthetic bilge water by adsorption onto biochars of dead Posidonia oceanica.
2022
AbstractBilge waters are wastewaters produced on boats during navigation and usually contain hydrocarbons and oils. They cannot be directly released into the sea if not below a hydrocarbons concentration limit set by current legislation. Appropriate oil in water separator (OWS) systems can be installed on board boats to remove hydrocarbons from bilge water allowing their spillage into the sea. These systems may contain an adsorption step on a suitable adsorbent. Here, biochars produced from pyrolysis of dead Posidonia oceanica, pristine or chemically activated, have been tested as hydrocarbons adsorbents. Adsorption experiments with aqueous dispersions simulating bilge waters containing a m…
STUDY OF CHEMICAL-PHYSICAL PROPERTIES IN INDUSTRIAL BIOCHAR
2014
Activated Biochar From Posidonia Oceanica. A New Adsorbent Material of Hydrocarbons from Wastewater
2019
Environmental pollution by petroleum derivatives is a very current topic. In particular, low concentration of this kind of pollutants can seriously compromise the life of animals and plants of aquatic ecosystems (Yu, 2017). The current legislation provides that bilgewater, wastewater produced by boats, can be discharged directly into the sea only if the total hydrocarbon concentration not exceds 15 mg L-1. In this work, new activated carbons were tested as adsorbent materials of oil / hydrocarbons from wastewater. Moreover, an instrumental technique able to quickly measure the required low hydrocarbons concentration is also proposed. The new activated carbons were obtained from bio-oil prod…
Hydrocarbons removal from wastewater by adsorption onto biochar from Posidonia oceanica
Environmental pollution by petroleum derivatives is a very current topic. In particular, low concentration of this kind of pollutants can seriously compromise the life of animals and plants of aquatic ecosystems [1]. For this reason, recent environmental legislation imposes severe restriction to oil-in-water content for overboard discharge with concentration limits from 15 to 5 ppm [2]. The shipping industry is trying to adapt to these directives by equipping ships with cleaning treatment devices in which there are several oil removal steps. Usually, the last step of bilge water treatment is based on adsorption onto suitable adsorbent materials that must be able to remove the last and most …
Analysis of emerging contaminants and nanomaterials in plant materials following uptake from soils
2017
The reuse of treated wastewater or wastewater-impacted river water is growing, particularly in arid areas, due to the climate change. As well, the disposal of sludges, biosolids or biochar as soil amendments to improve agricultural output is widely implemented in the EU. These practices can be a source of emerging contaminants and engineering nanomaterials (ENMs) to the environment and condition their incorporation to food chain that could affect human beings. This review covers current analytical techniques, instruments and methodologies used to determine emerging contaminants and ENMs from irrigation water and/or soil amendments in plants. Trends regarding sample treatment, separation and…
Obtaining lignocellulosic biomass-based catalysts and their catalytic activity in cellobiose hydrolysis and acetic acid esterification reactions
2021
Global challenges prompt the world to modify its strategies and shift from a fossil-fuel-based economy to a bio-resource-based one with the production of renewable biomass chemicals. Different processes exist that allow the transformation of raw biomass into desirable bio-based products and/or energy. In this work different biochars that were obtained as a by-product from birch chip fast pyrolysis and carbonization were used as is or chemically/physically treated. These sulfonated carbon catalysts were compared to a commercially available sulfonated styrene-divinylbenzene macroreticular resin (Dowex 50W X8). Characterisation (water content and pH value, FTIR, base titration, element analysi…
Mechanisms of Organic Coating on the Surface of a Poplar Biochar
2017
Background: Recent studies highlighted that biochar efficiency to improve soil fertility is enhanced after it is blended with fresh organic materials. It was suggested that organic coating of inner-porous biochar surfaces acts as a kind of “glue” for plant-nutrients, thereby allowing their slow release towards plant-roots and/or microorganisms. Objective: The aim of the present study is to improve the understanding of the nature of the interactions between fresh organic matter and a poplar biochar. Method: Two fluorinated organic models were used as target molecules in order to apply heteronuclear (i.e. 19F) fast field cycling (FFC) NMR relaxometry. Results: The results suggest that organic…
Effect of pruning-derived biochar on heavy metals removal and water dynamics
2014
Biomass-derived biochar is considered as a promising heavy metal adsorbent, due to abundance of polar functional groups, such as carboxylic, hydroxyl, and amino groups, which are available for heavy metal removal. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of an orchard pruning-derived biochar in removing some heavy metals (through the evaluation of isotherms) and to study water dynamics at the solid-liquid interface as affected by heavy metal adsorption (through an innovative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry approach). Both isotherms and NMR spectra revealed that Pb and Cr showed a good affinity for the biochar surface (Pb > Cr), while Cu was less affine. Accordi…