Search results for "Biochemistry"

Eye Muscle Antibodies in Endocrine Exophthalmos

1989

Serum samples were obtained from 65 patients with endocrine exophthalmos class I-V. In 33/65 patients who were treated either with prednisone or with ciclosporin, blood was sampled before, during and after therapy. Antibodies against eye muscle were determined during the course of immunosuppressive therapy in order to have an objective parameter of the therapeutic effect. To ascertain the specificity of the reaction both eye and abdominal muscles were used as antigens in an ELISA system. Both IgG and IgM antibodies were detected. In 45/65 patients (71%) eye muscle antibodies were positive before starting therapy. Antibodies were mostly detected in patients with active disease. Patients with…

Management of the Sponataneous Bleeding Episodes in Factor VII Deficiency. A Prospective Evaluation of the STER,

2011

Abstract Abstract 3368 Introduction Patients with an inherited factor VII (FVII) deficiency may display a wide range of clinical phenotypes, from an asymptomatic condition to serious hemorrhagic episodes such as fatal central nervous system (CNS) or gastrointestinal (GI) bleeds (Mariani G et al. Thromb Haemost 2005; 93: 481–7). Symptomatic patients can be divided into two major categories: those with mild-to-moderate bleeding tendency and individuals with a severe bleeding tendency which may be more severe than that in hemophilia. The former group mainly experience mucosal bleeding, a clinical picture that mimics that of a platelet disorder and often does not call for treatment. In contrast…

Missense Mutations in the Proline-Rich Region of Coagulation Factor XII in Hereditary and Idiopathic Angioedema.

2006

Abstract Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is characterized by recurrent skin swelling, abdominal pain attacks, and potentially life-threatening upper airway obstruction. The two classic HAE types (I and II) are caused by mutations in the complement C1 inhibitor gene, resulting in a functional deficiency of C1 inhibitor. Recently, a novel type of hereditary angioedema has been described, these patients showing normal C1 inhibitor concentration and activity in plasma (HAE with normal C1 inhibitor, HAE type III). With few exceptions, all reported patients have been women, and exposition to estrogens appears to be an important precipitating factor. Screening of twenty unrelated female patients with …

Farber disease (acid ceramidase deficiency) epidemiology: literature review and patient cohort data indicate moderate and attenuated phenotypes are l…

2017

The impact of chocolate on cardiovascular health

2011

Cardiovascular disease is the leading determinant of mortality and morbidity in women. Functional foods are attracting interest as potential regulators of the susceptibility to disease. Supported by epidemiological evidence, chocolate has emerged as a possible modulator of cardiovascular risk. Chocolate, or cocoa as the natural source, contains flavanols, a subclass of flavonoids. The latter years have witnessed an increasing number of experimental and clinical studies that suggest a protective effect of chocolate against atherogenesis. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial function define three biological mechanisms that have shown sensitivity to chocolate. Moreover, the consumpt…

Zentralnervöse Appetitregulation: Mechanismen und Bedeutung für die Entstehung der Adipositas

1990

This review focuses on neurotransmitter and neuropeptide actions on food ingestion, as well as on some of the mechanisms that may lead to the development and maintenance of obesity. In particular, the role of hypothalamic amines (catecholamines, serotonin) in appetite control is described. Thus, hypothalamic noradrenaline appears to stimulate food intake, while an enhanced brain serotonergic neurotransmission leads to a suppression of food ingestion, preferentially of carbohydrate intake. The involvement of brain serotonin neurons in appetite control is most attractive, since serotonin synthesis and release is readily affected by either precursor loading (i.e., 1-tryptophan) or pharmacologi…

Rôle des lipides dans la régulation du comportement alimentaire

2008

Obesity constitutes a major public health problem for the 21 st Century, with its epidemic spread worldwide, particularly in children. The overconsumption of fatty foods greatly contributes to this phenomenon. Rodents and humans display a spontaneous preference for lipid-rich foods. But why are lipids so attractive? What are the molecular mechanisms involved? The purpose of this mini review is to explore few basic questions raised by recent data providing evidences on the relationships between dietary lipids and feeding behavior.

FORUM ISSUE: “Free Radicals and Physical Exercise”

2013

Different modes of activating phosphofructokinase, a key regulatory enzyme of glycolysis, in working vertebrate muscle

2002

Glycolytic flux in white muscle can be increased several-hundredfold by exercise. Phosphofructokinase (PFK; EC 2.7.1.11) is a key, regulatory enzyme of glycolysis, but how its activity in muscle is controlled is not fully, understood. In order not to neglect integrative aspects of metabolic regulation, we have studied in frogs (Rana temporaria) a physiological form of muscle work (swimming) that can be triggered like a reflex. We analysed swimming to fatigue in well rested frogs, recovery from exercise, and repeated exercise after 2 h of recovery. At various times, gastrocnemius muscles were tested for glycolytic intermediates and effectors of PFK. All metabolites responded similarly to the…

Studying hypertension in ocular fundus images using Hausdorff dispersion ordering.

2010

Retinal arterial and vein diameters are altered in individuals at risk of cardiovascular events mainly due to high blood pressure. The measurement of retinal vessel diameters has been proved to reflect individuals' vascular health. Dispersion of such measures which are obtained by means of ocular fundus images is a major factor not usually considered in clinical research. In this paper, a method to evaluate if different levels of clinically relevant covariables induce greater dispersion in retinal arterial and vein diameters is proposed. A multivariate dispersion ordering, the Hausdorff dispersion order, is used to compare the level of dispersion in such diameters for different groups of pa…