Search results for "Biogas"
showing 10 items of 156 documents
Methane and hydrogen production from crop biomass through anaerobic digestion
2011
Biogas Pollution and Mineral Deposits Formed on the Elements of Landfill Gas Engines
2022
Municipal landfills generate a significant amount of high-energy biogas, which can be used as a renewable gaseous fuel. However, it is necessary to improve the quality of this biogas due to the presence of various chemical compounds. The most common pollutants in landfill biogas include volatile compounds of silicon, sulphur, phosphorus and chlorine. The aforementioned elements, as well as other metals, were found both in the deposits and in the engine oil. The paper presents detailed characteristics of the solid residues formed in selected parts of gas engines powered by landfill biogas. Its elemental composition and morphology were investigated in order to determine the structure and infl…
Disintegration of Wastewater Activated Sludge (WAS) for Improved Biogas Production: A Mini Review
2018
Due to rapid urbanization, the quantity of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) has increased, and with it the amount of waste generated by them. Sustainable management of this waste can lead to the creation of energy-rich biogas through the fermentation process. This review presents recent advances in the anaerobic digestion process resulting in greater biogas production. Disintegration techniques for enhancing waste activated sludge fermentation can be generally partitioned into biological, physical and chemical, each of which are covered in this review. These disintegration techniques were compared mainly in terms of their biogas yield. It was found that ultrasonic and microwave disintegra…
CONSIDERATIONS OVER A BIOGAS PLANT COMPONENTS
2014
This paper starts from the conviction that one of the main environmental problems of today’s society is the continuously increasing production of organic wastes. In many countries, sustainable waste management have become major political priorities in order to reduce pollution and greenhouse gas emissions and to avoid, as much as possible, global climate changes. This problem becomes more and more present in our country too. Production of biogas through anaerobic digestion of animal manure and slurries as well as of a wide range of digestible organic wastes, converts these substrates into renewable energy and offers a natural fertiliser for agriculture. That is why we consider that biogas p…
Real-time optimization of the key filtration parameters in an AnMBR: Urban wastewater mono-digestion vs. co-digestion with domestic food waste
2018
[EN] This study describes a model-based method for real-time optimization of the key filtration parameters in a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) treating urban wastewater (UWW) and UWW mixed with domestic food waste (FW). The method consists of an initial screening to find out adequate filtration conditions and a real-time optimizer applied to a periodically calibrated filtration model for minimizing the operating costs. The initial screening consists of two statistical analyses: (1) Morris screening method to identify the key filtration parameters; (2) Monte Carlo method to establish suitable initial control inputs values. The operating filtration cost after implementing the…
Biogas composition and upgrading to biomethane
2009
Saija Rasin tutkimus osoittaa, että jätteistä tai energiakasveista tuotettua biokaasua voidaan hyödyntää sähkön ja lämmön tuotantoon. Biokaasua voidaan käyttää jalostettuna myös korkealaatuista polttoainetta vaativissa kohteissa, kuten ajoneuvoissa ja polttokennoissa. Fossiilisten polttoaineiden korvaaminen uusiutuvilla polttoaineilla, esimerkiksi biokaasulla, vähentää merkittävästi kasvihuone- ja muita haitallisia päästöjä. Biokaasun pääkomponentit ovat metaani ja hiilidioksidi, ja lisäksi se voi sisältää pieniä pitoisuuksia energiakäyttöä haittaavia yhdisteitä, joiden määrä ja laatu vaihtelevat. Nämä yhdisteet voivat esimerkiksi estää koko teknologian käytön tai lyhentää laitteistojen huo…
MODELLING BIOGAS GENERATION AND RELEASE FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS
2015
MSW sanitary landfills represent nowadays one of the most important issue related to the waste management cycle. In particular, knowledge about biogas production is a key aspect for a proper exploitation of this energy source, even in the after-care phase. In the present study, a simple mathematical model was proposed for the simulation of biogas production. The model is based on 1st order biodegradation kinetic and takes also into account the temperature variation in time and depth and the landfill settlement. The model was applied to a real landfill located in Sicily (ITALY) and its simulation result was compared with experimental data (volumes of biogas collected by the recovery system a…
DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF BIOGAS
2015
All over the world, researches are made in order to improve the technologies, the operational and process stability and performance of biogas plants, because the world markets for biogas increased considerably in Europe and all over the world. In this paper we studied the most important parameters related to a biogas plant, starting from the ecologic landfill of Cristian, Sibiu, a landfill which storages industrial and household waste. In this respect, we studied operational parameters, such as organic load and hydraulic retention time, and parameters for evaluation of a biogas plant. Also, we made a case study concerning the evaluation of used waters in the landfill described above under t…
Potential production of biogas from prinkly pear (opuntia ficus-indica L.) in sicilian uncultivated areas
2017
The aim of this work is to evaluate the potential production of biogas and, indirectly, biomethane or electric and thermal energy, from prinkly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.), to be grown in a part of Sicilian uncultivated areas and co-digested together with the available livestock manure and slurry. In order to increase the Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and reduce the dependency from fossil ones, the conversion of biomass into biogas through Anaerobic Digestion (AD) process is paramount for producing biomethane, to be used as fuel for means of transport and agricultural machines or heating, or electric and thermal energy through Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plants. Moreover, the digestat…
Modelling of Emissions from Large Biogas Plants
2015
Głównym celem wskazanym w „Wytycznych dla rozwoju biogazowni rolniczych w Polsce w latach 2010-2020” jest budowa biogazowni rolniczych przetwarzających zasoby biomasy w odpowiednich dla gminy warunkach. W Czechach produkuje się około 6,5% energii ze źródeł odnawialnych. Biogazownie, w przeciwieństwie do elektrowni słonecznych i wiatrowych, pracują stabilnie przez cały rok. Biomasa powinna być kluczowym źródłem realizacji zobowiązań czeskich wobec UE, w ramach których przyjęto produkcję 13% energii ze źródeł odnawialnych w 2020 roku. Dotychczasowe doświadczenia z działającymi 317 biogazowniami rolniczymi wykazały, że istnieją poważne problemy z właściwym ulokowaniem nowo zaprojektowanych bio…