Search results for "Biomas"

showing 10 items of 980 documents

Study of aerobic granular sludge stability in a continuous-flow membrane bioreactor.

2015

A granular continuous-flow membrane bioreactor with a novel hydrodynamic configuration was developed to evaluate the stability of aerobic granular sludge (AGS). Under continuous-flow operation (Period I), AGS rapidly lost their structural integrity resulting in loose and fluffy microbial aggregates in which filamentous bacteria were dominant. The intermittent feeding (Period II) allowed obtaining the succession of feast and famine conditions that favored the increase in AGS stability. Although no further breakage occurred, the formation of new granules was very limited, owing to the absence of the hydraulic selection pressure. These results noted the necessity to ensure, on the one hand the…

FlocculationEnvironmental EngineeringAerobic granular sludge (AGS)Segmented filamentous bacteria0208 environmental biotechnologyMicrobial ConsortiaBiomassBioengineering02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesMembrane bioreactor01 natural sciencesWaste Disposal FluidBioreactorsBreakageBioreactorPressureBiomassWaste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesContinuous-flow reactorSettore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleBacteriaSewageRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemistryContinuous flowFeast/famine conditionMembraneEnvironmental engineeringWashoutFlocculationGeneral MedicineEquipment DesignPulp and paper industryAerobiosis020801 environmental engineeringHydraulic selection pressureAerobic granular sludge (AGS); Continuous-flow reactor; Feast/famine conditions; Hydraulic selection pressure; Membrane; Bioengineering; Environmental Engineering; Waste Management and DisposalBioresource technology
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Bioflocculation of Euglena gracilis via direct application of fungal filaments: a rapid harvesting method

2021

Funding Information: Special thanks to the US Agricultural Research Service for the provision of fungal strains. Thanks also to Dr Marilyn Wiebe (Technical Research Centre of Finland) for her expert advice on fungi and Johanna Oja for her technical help. This research was enabled by funding from The Land and Water Technology Foundation, The Finnish Cultural Foundation, and The Finnish Foundation for Technology Promotion. Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s). The high cost and environmental impact of traditional microalgal harvesting methods limit commercialization of microalgal biomass. Fungal bioflocculation of microalgae is a promising low-cost, eco-friendly method but the range of …

FlocculationEuglena gracilisFilamentous fungifungal pelletizationved/biology.organism_classification_rank.speciesBiomassPlant ScienceAquatic ScienceleväthiutaleetmenetelmätPenicillium restrictumAlgaeSettlingDry weightBioflocculationEuglena gracilisFungal pelletizationMicroalgal harvestingmicroalgal harvestingbiologyChemistryved/biologyfilamentous fungibiofocculationmikrolevätPulp and paper industrybiology.organism_classificationhiutaloituminenkustannuksetsadonkorjuuympäristövaikutuksetPleurotus ostreatus
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Semi-Continuous Lab-scale Plant for Hydrothermal or Organosolv Treatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass

2013

Lignocellulosic biomass is increasingly being considered as a potential alternative source for both fuels and goods production. In order to better address the starting material to higher conversion and selectivity in the desired products, the possibility to selectively control the dissolution of the three main constituents of the matrix (hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) should be pursued. As the three biopolymers are intimately connected one another, a suitable pretreatment step could help the effectiveness of the whole process, by producing cleavage of the biomacromolecules interconnecting bonds and by starting their depolymerization . In this frame, we developed a semi-continuous lab-…

Flowthrough LWHLignocellulosic biomaBiomassPretreatment
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CFD modelling of flue gas particulates in a biomass fired stove with electrostatic precipitation

2013

Abstract The biomass fired stoves have been used in medium and large scales applications from several years and are utilizing electrostatic precipitator technology. Biomass based technologies are considered as renewable energy source and less harmful to the environment. The combustion of biomass generates a high concentration of flue gas particulates. The most of the flue gas particulates in the exhaust gas can be filtered through an electrostatic precipitator. In this work, a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model has been developed for analysing the trajectory of particulates in a small scale domestic stove using biomass material. It is considered that electrostatic precipitator is based…

Flue gasWaste managementEnvironmental engineeringExhaust gasElectrostatic precipitatorBiomassParticulatesCondensed Matter PhysicsCombustionSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsStoveEnvironmental scienceChimneyElectrical and Electronic EngineeringBiotechnologyJournal of Electrostatics
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The Effect of Combustion Dynamics on the Formation of Pollutant Emissions by Co-Firing the Wood Biomass with Gaseous Fuel

2008

Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesFuel gasPollutant emissionsMechanical EngineeringEnvironmental engineeringEnvironmental scienceBiomassCondensed Matter PhysicsCombustionHeat Transfer Research
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A Constructal Law optimization of a boiler inspired by Life Cycle thinking

2018

Abstract The aim of the paper is to explore how design optimization contributes to a technology's ecological evolution. The article develops this concept through an application of Constructal Law, used to account for the “evolution” of technologies design (configuration, shape, structure, pattern, rhythm), and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), used for quantifying the environmental impacts of the design choices. The combination of both methods assesses how technology evolution affects the environment during its life, extending the concept of evolution of design. The study is applied to a case study of a real biomass boiler. The study analyses basic case and a series of alternative scenarios opti…

Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesGlobal energyConstructal lawBiomass boilerBoilerSettore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica AmbientaleComputer sciencebusiness.industry020209 energyBoiler (power generation)Technological evolution02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyIndustrial engineeringOverall Performance CoefficientLife cycle thinkingLife cycle assessment0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringConstructal Law0210 nano-technologybusinessLife-cycle assessmentThermal energy
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No evidence of trophic cascades in an experimental microbial-based soil food web

1998

Trophic-dynamic theories predict the biomass and productivity of trophic levels to be partially top-down regulated in food webs, and that the top-down regulation will manifest itself as cascading trophic interactions. We tested the two principal predictions deduced from these theories: trophic cascades of (1) biomass regulation and (2) productivity regulation occur in food webs. We created three food webs with either one, two, or three trophic levels in soil microcosms containing a sterilized mixture of leaf litter and humus. Twenty species of bacteria and fungi formed the first trophic level, a bacterivorous nematode (Caenorhabditis elegans) and a fungivorous nematode (Aphelenchoides sp.) …

Food chainBiomass (ecology)Productivity (ecology)EcologyBotanySoil food webTrophic state indexBiologyTrophic cascadeEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsFood webTrophic level
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Solar radiation as a prospective energy source for green and economic processes in the food industry: From waste biomass valorization to dehydration,…

2019

International audience; Solar energy has recently attracted the attention of both industry and academia, to be used as a source of clean energy for green production of various products such as food-related commodities. This review aims to explore the applicability of this green energy source for extraction of valuable components (e.g., bioactive compounds and essential oils) from plant materials and waste biomass, dehydration of plant materials, water recovery through desalination, decontamination, cooking, and baking of agri-food products. According to the literature, concentrated solar power systems (CSP) have been successfully employed for bioactive compounds (e.g. essential oils) extrac…

Food industry020209 energyStrategy and Management[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]BiomassValorization02 engineering and technology7. Clean energyDesalinationIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringBioactive compounds12. Responsible consumptionSolar energyConcentrated solar power[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringDecontamination0505 lawGeneral Environmental ScienceWaste managementRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryDesalination05 social sciencesfood and beveragesWaterHuman decontaminationSolar energyRenewable energyWaste biomass13. Climate actionEssential oils050501 criminologyEnvironmental scienceEnergy sourcebusiness
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Yeast biomass, an optimised product with myriad applications in the food industry

2015

Abstract Background Yeasts, especially Saccharomyces cerevisiae and related species, have been used by humans since ancient times. In past centuries, the increased demand in yeast-related products has converted yeast biomass into a valuable product, and has forced the generation and optimisation of industrial yeast biomass production processes, which currently generate vast quantities of yeasts yearly. Scope and approach In this article, we review key aspects for the yield first produced empirically, but by also using recent yeast physiology knowledge. We summarise the classical and latest yeasts biomass applications in the food industry, which range from the yeast extract used as an additi…

Food industrybusiness.industryIndustrial productionSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiomassBiologybiology.organism_classificationYeastfood.foodBiotechnologyProduct (business)foodNutritional yeastYeast extractbusinessFood ScienceBiotechnologyTrends in Food Science & Technology
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Biomass Fractionation Using Emerging Technologies

2021

Food wasteEmerging technologiesEnvironmental scienceBiomassFractionationPulp and paper industryFermentation Processes
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