Search results for "Biomas"
showing 10 items of 980 documents
Shifts in plankton assemblages promoted by free water surface constructed wetlands and their implications in eutrophication remediation
2015
Abstract Two units of free water surface constructed wetlands (FWSCWs) were created in 2009 in a Mediterranean protected site, the Albufera de Valencia Natural Park, to treat eutrophic inflows to the Albufera de Valencia lagoon, the largest coastal lagoon in the Iberian Peninsula, affected by cultural eutrophication. Data of phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass and richness of the inflows and outflows corresponding to the first 3.5 years of operation of the system have been analyzed to evaluate the role of plankton in the eutrophication reversion. The FWSCWs significantly reduced the exported microalgal biomass, stimulated the potential mixotrophic groups of phytoplankton such as Euglenoph…
Soil and Plant Nitrogen Pools as Related to Plant Diversity in an Experimental Grassland
2007
Increasing plant species richness decreases soil NO 3 - concentrations in experimental plant mixtures, but the role of particular plant functional groups has remained unclear. Most analyses have focused on particular times of the year or were restricted to NO 3 - . We tested whether plant species richness or particular plant functional groups affect the size of plant-available N pools in soil (KCl-extractable NO 3 - , dissolved inorganic N and organic N [DON] and total dissolved N [TDN] in soil solution) and N concentrations and pools in aboveground biomass. Furthermore, we assessed seasonal variations in the effects of plant species richness and plant functional groups. The experimental gr…
Biopaliwa pozyskiwane z biomasy glonów
2016
Glony mogą być wykorzystywane do produkcji różnych rodzajów biopaliw. Należą do nich biogaz produkowany w wyniku beztlenowego rozkładu biomasy glonów, a także biodiesel oraz bioetanol powstający z oleju pozyskiwanego z alg. W pracy dokonano przeglądu literatury dotyczącej metod hodowli glonów oraz możliwości produkcji z ich biomasy biopaliw płynnych i gazowych.
Effect of long-term salinity increase on nitritation and denitritation kinetics in activated sludge and granular sludge reactors
2017
The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of moderate and drastic long-termincrease of salinity.Particularly, the study was aimed at assessing the shock effecton nitritationand denitritation kineticsof halophilic biomass inboth forms:flocculent activated sludge and granular sludge.
Scientific and methodical foundations of heat saving of rural territories on the basis of use of local biomass
2018
W ostatnich latach gaz ziemny na Ukrainie, a w szczególności w regionie połtawskim,wykorzystywany jest najczęściej do ogrzewania prywatnych domów. Niestety co roku państwo podnosi cenę gazu. Koszty ogrzewania stają się dla mieszkańców wsi dużym obciążeniem. Wcześniej na wsi tradycyjnie budowano domy o dużej powierzchni. Dlatego obecnie wspólnoty terytorialne szukają alternatywnych sposobów ogrzewania. W celu oszczędzania ciepła ważnymi dla nich stają się zagadnienia związane z izolacją budynków mieszkalnych, zakładów produkcyjnych. Głównym celem artykułu jest analiza możliwości wykorzystania biomasy jako materiału termoizolacyjnego oraz źródła energii alternatywnej. Przedstawiono doświadcze…
Advanced biorefinery concepts related to non-wood feedstocks
2018
Agricultural residues, such as wheat straw (Triticum aestivum), okra stalk (Abelmoschus esculentus), and giant miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus, a hybrid of M. sinensis and M. sacchariflorus) were investigated to assess their possible consumption for integrated lignocellulosic biorefining. The efficient fractionation and recovery of all important chemical components (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin) of such feedstocks are a prerequisite for realistic biorefinery concepts. Water is one of the most eco-friendly solvents with the highest potential for industrial use, and it is also suitable for full-scale biorefinery purposes. For example, under pressure at elevated temperatures over 1…
The influence of lipid content and taxonomic affiliation on methane and carbon dioxide production from phytoplankton biomass in lake sediment
2021
The greenhouse gases methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are end products of microbial anaerobic degradation of organic matter (OM) in lake sediments. Although previous research has shown that phytoplankton lipid content influences sediment methanogenesis, current understanding on how OM quality affects methanogenesis is still limited. Such information is needed to more accurately assess how lake greenhouse gas emissions may change in response to anthropogenic activities. We cultured 11 phytoplankton species from five classes and studied how taxonomic identity, C : N ratio, lipid content, and fatty acid composition of phytoplankton biomass affects the CH4 and net CO2 production in anaero…
Homogēnu un heterogēnu reakciju modelēšana gazifikācijas procesā
2020
Ik gadu pieaugošais pieprasījums pēc enerģijas, kas saistīts ar pasaules populācijas pieaugšanu un nepārtrauktu industralizāciju, liek meklēt veidus, kā enerģiju iegūt pēc iespējas videi draudzīgākā ceļā. Tiek paredzēts, ka gazifikācija kā enerģijas iegūšanas veids nākotnē kļūs aizvien pieprasītāks, jo kā izejmateriālu iespējams izmantot dažāda veida biomasas, tai skaitā jebkādus organiskos atkritumus, kas ļauj izvairīties no neataunojamo dabas resursu patērēšanas. Lai arī gazifikācija ir jau sen pazīstams enerģijas iegūšanas veids, tā kontrole ir sarežģīta un procesa efektivitāte nav bijusi pietiekama, kas ir kavējis plašāku tās izmantošanu. Lai šo procesu labāk izprastu un optimizētu, pēd…
Biomass Waste Processing into Artificial Humic Substances
2021
Abstract To address the biomass waste processing problem and transform it into refractory forms of carbon, recently suggested hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of biomass in alkaline environment can be considered as a prospective and climate neutral approach. Biomass HTC provides possibilities to obtain form of biochar (hydrochar) and artificial humic substances, however the conditions of the HTC have not been much studied. Optimization by Response Surface Methodology of the HTC using microwave treatment with three experimental variables (treatment temperature, length of microwave treatment, amount of biomass per volume) provides the possibility to significantly increase the yield of humic s…
Activated carbon from hydrolysis lignin: Effect of activation method on carbon properties
2022
This study presents the effects of different activation methods to produce activated carbon from the hydrolysis lignin. Pretreatment of the feedstock with common mineral acids (HCL, HNO3, and H3PO4), different steam rates for physical activation, and different chemical activating agents (ZnCl2, Na2CO3, and KOH) for chemical activation were investigated. The pretreated biomass was carbonized and activated in one-stage process and the surface characteristics, such as total pore volume, pore size distribution and specific surface area, were investigated. The results showed that the activated carbon surface properties were not greatly affected by acid pretreatment. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) …