Search results for "Biomas"

Kolmivaiheisen pyrolyysiprosessin mallintaminen

2015

Työssä rakennetun mallin avulla määritettiin kolmivaiheisen hitaan pyrolyysiprosessin massa- ja energiavirrat. Mallissa reaktoriin syötettiin 2 kg tuoretta mäntyä, josta kuivausvaiheen jälkeen saatiin tuotteena 1 kg kuivaa puuta. Lämpötilassa 260 °C suoritetun torrefioinnin kiintosaanto oli 0,84 kg torrefiointiöljyn 0,13 kg ja kaasujen 0,04 kg. Hapan torrefiointiöljy sekä torrefiointikaasut johdettiin ulos prosessista ja torrefioitu puu pyrolysoitiin 450 °C:ssa, jolloin muodostui biohiiltä 0,28 kg, pyrolyysiöljyä 0,35 kg ja pyrolyysikaasuja 0,37 kg kiloa torrefioitua puuta kohti. Kuivausvaihe kulutti energiaa 3260 kJ/kg-tuore puu ja torrefiointi 619 kJ/kg-kuiva puu. Pyrolyysivaihe sen sijaa…

Evolutionary advantage conferred by an eukaryote-to-eukaryote gene transfer event in wine yeasts

2015

Although an increasing number of horizontal gene transfers have been reported in eukaryotes, experimental evidence for their adaptive value is lacking. Here, we report the recent transfer of a 158-kb genomic region between Torulaspora microellipsoides and Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine yeasts or closely related strains. This genomic region has undergone several rearrangements in S. cerevisiae strains, including gene loss and gene conversion between two tandemly duplicated FOT genes encoding oligopeptide transporters. We show that FOT genes confer a strong competitive advantage during grape must fermentation by increasing the number and diversity of oligopeptides that yeast can utilize as a s…

Identification of Energy Hubs for the Exploitation of Residual Biomass in an Area of Western Sicily

2017

Recent years have witnessed a marked reduction in financial incentives for renewable energy production in Italy as a consequence of the fact that the nation has already reached its energy policy targets for 2020, However, incentives still persist in certain sectors, such as those of specialized crops for biomass and residual biomass. In order to increase use-efficiency of biomass resources, careful study is needed of their characteristics, and their distribution within an area and over time: biomass use is of interest when production is concentrated in a given area and sufficiently available throughout the year. In order to assess the competitiveness of the biomass energy sector, the logist…

Biometaanin ja -vedyn tuotantopotentiaali Suomessa

2010

Globaali tarve edistää kestävää kehitystä, vähentää ympäristökuormitusta ja hidastaa ilmastonmuutosta edellyttää mm. materiaalivirtojen tehokasta hallintaa ja paluuta uusiutuvien ja kierrätettävien resurssien käyttöön. Biokaasuteknologia tarjoaa yhden ratkaisun, yhdistäen jätteiden käsittelyn ja energian tuotannon. Kiinnostus biokaasuteknologian käyttöön on lisääntynyt viime vuosina myös Suomessa. Suunnitteilla on useita biokaasulaitoksia. Lisäksi useat tahot ovat tehneet selvityksiä biokaasun hyödyntämiseksi. Tämän työn tavoitteena oli selvittää biokaasuprosessin raaka-aineeksi soveltuvien erilaisten biomassojen määrät ja sijainnit Suomessa. Tavoitteena oli myös selvittää näiden jakeiden m…

Tyypillisten biomassamateriaalien kemiallinen koostumus

2009

Biomassa, un modello energetico di hgestione sostenibile delle foreste

2014

Applicability of hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. × P. tremuloides Michx.) bark extract as a precursor of rigid carbon foam and activated carbon

2023

Hybrid aspens have long attracted scientific interest, but the research on their use as feedstocks for chemical applications are still very limited. The bark biomass of the poplar species contains many valuable extractives that can be utilized as value-added products. This paper examines the applicability of hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. × P. tremuloides Michx.) bark extract as a precursor of rigid carbon foam and activated carbon. To explore this, the study considers 1) the basic chemical composition of the bark in terms of added value potential, 2) the basic chemical composition of the bark extract and the effect of its pretreatment on the extract composition, 3) the production of rigi…

Author Correction: Evaluation of three methods for biomass estimation in small invertebrates, using three large disparate parasite species as model o…

2018

Invertebrate biomass is considered one of the main factors driving processes in ecosystems. It can be measured directly, primarily by weighing individuals, but more often indirect estimators are used. We developed two indirect and non-destructive approaches to estimate biomass of small invertebrates in a simple manner. The first one was based on clay modelling and the second one was based on image analysis implemented with open-source software. Furthermore, we tested the accuracy of the widely used geometric approximation method (third method). We applied these three different methods to three morphologically disparate model species, an acanthocephalan worm, a crustacean and a flatworm. To …

In-Depth Characterization of Bioactive Extracts from Posidonia oceanica Waste Biomass

2019

© 2019 by the authors.

Inferring Phytoplankton, Terrestrial Plant and Bacteria Bulk δ¹³C Values from Compound Specific Analyses of Lipids and Fatty Acids.

2015

Stable isotope mixing models in aquatic ecology require δ13C values for food web end members such as phytoplankton and bacteria, however it is rarely possible to measure these directly. Hence there is a critical need for improved methods for estimating the δ13C ratios of phytoplankton, bacteria and terrestrial detritus from within mixed seston. We determined the δ13C values of lipids, phospholipids and biomarker fatty acids and used these to calculate isotopic differences compared to the whole-cell δ13C values for eight phytoplankton classes, five bacterial taxa, and three types of terrestrial organic matter (two trees and one grass). The lipid content was higher amongst the phytoplankton (…