Search results for "Biomechanical"
showing 10 items of 524 documents
Improved Bone Biomechanical Properties in Rats after Oral Xylitol Administration
1999
The effects of 5, 10, and 20% dietary xylitol supplementations on the biomechanical properties, histological architecture, and the contents of collagen, pyridinoline, and deoxypyridinoline in long bones of rats were studied. Tibiae were used for the three-point bending test, and femurs were used for the torsion and loading test of the femoral neck. The 10 and 20% oral xylitol administrations caused a significant increase of tibial stress, femoral shear stress, and stress of the femoral neck as compared with the controls. Parallel, but not significant, effects were also seen in the 5% xylitol supplementation group. No significant differences in strain or Young's modulus of the tibiae were de…
Spontaneous electromechanical activity in the rat duodenumin vitro
1990
Isolated rat duodenum shows spontaneous mechanical and electrical activities. Mechanical activity consists in changes both in endoluminal pressure and in isometric tension. Electrical activity is characterized by slow waves with superimposed bursts. This spontaneous activity is tetrodotoxin (TTX) resistant and therefore it is myogenic in origin. Indeed, TTX pretreatment, even in the presence of atropine and guanethidine, caused an increase in amplitude and in frequency of the electrical and mechanical activities. This finding indicates the presence of tonically active inhibitory intramural non adrenergic, non cholinergic (NANC) nerves. Duodenal longitudinal strips showed a spontaneous mecha…
Ball Impact Position in Recreational Male Padel Players: Implications for Training and Injury Management
2021
Racket sports such as padel are characterized by the repetition of unilateral gestures, which can lead to negative adaptations like asymmetries or overuse musculoskeletal injuries. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in ball impact positions (i.e., forward or backward of the center of gravity) in nine stroke types in a sample of forty-eight recreational male padel players. The sample included 14,478 shots corresponding to 18 matches from six tournaments. Forty-eight male padel players were classified into two groups according to their level: trained (n = 24) and novice (n = 24). Type of stroke and ball impact position were registered using a computerized motion tracki…
Effect of intramedullary gradual elongation of the shorter limb on gait patterns
2003
Background: Seven young patients were followed 52 weeks after intramedullary lengthening for limb length discrepancy (LLD). The mean LLD before surgery was 3.0 ± 1.1 cm and 1 year after surgery at the time of the nail-removal it was 0.3 ± 0.3 cm. Methods: The plantar pressures and the ground reaction forces (GRF) were recorded simultaneously with electromyographic (EMG) activities at normal and fast walking speeds. Results: Bilateral comparison indicated that the uncorrected LLD resulted in asymmetrical gait patterns. The peak pressures were higher in the lateral heel and in the medial forefoot in the longer limb as compared to the shorter limb at normal walking speed. At fast walking speed…
Changes in plantar pressure and spatiotemporal parameters during gait in older adults after two different training programs
2020
Improving gait is in exercise programs for older adults (OAs) but little is known about how different gait-training approaches affect spatiotemporal parameters and plantar pressure distributions in OAs. High plantar pressures are linked to tissue injury risk, ulceration, and pain in OAs, but no studies have yet compared how they affect podobarometric variables.The effect of changing plantar pressure on absolute and mean maximum pressure, the pressure-time integral, stride time, stance time, and gait speed in OAs following either a multicomponent training program (EG) or interval-walking training (WG).Comfortable gait speed, strength (seat-to-stand test), and plantar pressure (Pedar-X mobile…
Bone rigidity to neuromuscular performance ratio in young and elderly men.
2009
Given the adaptation of bone to prevalent loading, bone loss should follow, but lag behind, the decline in physical performance during aging. Furthermore, bone responsiveness to load-induced strains is believed to decrease with aging. However, the relationship between bone and lean body ( approximately muscle) mass appears to remain rather constant throughout adulthood. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between age and bone to neuromuscular performance ratio. Young (N=20, age 24 SD+/-2 years, body mass 77+/-11 kg, height 178+/-6 cm) and elderly (N=25, 72+/-4 years, 75+/-9 kg, 172+/-5 cm) men served as subjects. Bone structural traits were measured at the right distal …
Inhibitory effects of indicaxanthin on mouse ileal contractility: analysis of the mechanism of action.
2011
Recently, we have showed that indicaxanthin, the yellow betalain pigment abundant in the fruit of Opuntia ficus indica, has remarkable spasmolytic effects on the intestinal contractility in vitro. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of action underlying the observed response. We used organ bath technique to record the mechanical activity of the mouse ileum longitudinal muscle and ELISA to measure the levels of cAMP. Indicaxanthin induced inhibitory effects on spontaneous mechanical activity, which were unaffected by indomethacin, a non-selective inhibitor of cycloxygenase; 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one, a selective inhibitor of nitric oxide-…
Seven-Weeks Gait-Retraining in Minimalist Footwear Has No Effect on Dynamic Stability Compared With Conventional Footwear.
2021
Purpose: To investigate the effects of two different running footwear conditions (transition to minimalist footwear and conventional running footwear) on dynamic postural stability before and after 7 weeks of gait retraining program, and to evaluate the effect of fatigue on dynamic stability. Method: This randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out by 42 recreational male runners, who were randomly divided into two groups; Conventional Footwear Group (CFG) (n = 22) and Minimalist Footwear Group (MFG) (n = 20). Dynamic Postural Stability Index (DPSI), in a fatigued and non-fatigued state, were assessed before and after a gait retraining program. The gait retraining program consisted…
Immediate effects of shoes inducing ankle-destabilization around Henke's axis during challenging walking gaits: Gait kinematics and peroneal muscles …
2017
International audience; Due to its high frequency of occurrence, as well as possible residual symptoms, proper treatment of lateral ankle sprains (LAS) is important. From a physiological point of view, increasing the quantity of electromyographic (EMG) activity in the peroneal muscles will mechanically improve the functional stability of the ankle joint. The present study investigated the immediate effects of an ankle destabilization device (ADD) specifically designed to induce imbalances along the Henke’s axis during 3 challenging walking tasks. As the effects of such a device have to be tested on healthy participants before being implemented in rehabilitation programs, 12 healthy particip…
Children’s Single-Leg Landing Movement Capability Analysis According to the Type of Sport Practiced
2020
(1) Background: Understanding children&rsquo