Search results for "Biophysic"

showing 10 items of 3565 documents

Host-guest complexes of C-propyl-2-bromoresorcinarene with aromatic N-oxides*

2018

The host-guest complexes of C-propyl-2-bromoresorcinarene with pyridine N-oxide, 3-methylpyridine N-oxide, quinoline N-oxide and isoquinoline N-oxide are studied using single crystal X-ray crystallography and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The C-propyl-2-bromoresorcinarene forms endo-complexes with the aromatic N-oxides in the solid-state when crystallised from either methanol or acetone. In solution, the endo-complexes were observed only in methanol-d4. In DMSO the solvent itself is a good guest, and crystallisation provides only solvate endo-complexes. The C-propyl-2-bromoresorcinarene shows remarkable flexibility when crystallised from either methanol or acetone, and packs into one-dimensional sel…

crystal structurekemiaSupramolecular chemistryCrystal structurechemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundPolymer chemistryPyridinecrystalssupramolekulaarinen kemiaAcetoneresorcinarenesmoleculesIsoquinolineta116Biochemistry Biophysics and Structural Biologyvetysidoksetta114010405 organic chemistryHydrogen bondQuinolinemolekyylitGeneral Chemistrykiteet0104 chemical sciencesaromatic N-oxidesSolventChemistrychemistryvetyhydrogenhydrogen bondsSupramolecular chemistrySUPRAMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
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Combined dynamics of the 500–600 nm leaf absorption and chlorophyll fluorescence changes in vivo: Evidence for the multifunctional energy quenching r…

2021

Carotenoids (Cars) regulate the energy flow towards the reaction centres in a versatile way whereby the switch between energy harvesting and dissipation is strongly modulated by the operation of the xanthophyll cycles. However, the cascade of molecular mechanisms during the change from light harvesting to energy dissipation remains spectrally poorly understood. By characterizing the in vivo absorbance changes (Delta A) of leaves from four species in the 500-600 nm range through a Gaussian decomposition, while measuring passively simultaneous Chla fluorescence (F) changes, we present a direct observation of the quick antenna adjustments during a 3-min dark-to-high-light induction. Underlying…

delta-pH0106 biological sciencesBiophysicsxanthophyll cyclesXanthophyllslight-harvesting complex01 natural sciencesBiochemistryFluorescenceEnergy quenchingAbsorbanceabsorbency changes03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundSpectroscopyChlorophyll fluorescenceantheraxanthin030304 developmental biologychemistry.chemical_classification4112 Forestrya fluorescence0303 health sciencesChlorophyll AAntheraxanthincarotenoidsdissipationCell BiologyFluorescencephotoprotectionzeaxanthinchemistrysinglet excited chlaChemical physicsExcited stateXanthophylldynamic quenchingleavesspectral fittinglutein epoxide cycle010606 plant biology & botanyBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics
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Non-uniformity of displacement and strain within the Achilles tendon is affected by joint angle configuration and differential muscle loading.

2020

Although the Achilles tendon (AT) has been studied for more than a century, a complete understanding of the mechanical and functional consequences of AT structural organization is currently lacking. The aim of this study was to assess how joint angle configuration affects subtendon displacement and strain of soleus (SOL) and lateral gastrocnemius (LG) muscles. Knots sutured onto SOL and LG subtendons of 12 Wistar rats, were videotaped to quantify displacements and the ankle torque was assessed for different isometric activation conditions (i.e., individual and simultaneous) of the triceps surae muscles. Changing ankle and knee joint angle affected the magnitude of displacement, relative dis…

displacementMaleStrain (injury)lihakset02 engineering and technologyIsometric exerciseKnee JointStrainWeight-Bearing0302 clinical medicineSoleusgastrocnemiusOrthopedics and Sports MedicinerasitusAchilles tendonRehabilitationankle torqueBiomechanical Phenomenamedicine.anatomical_structureAnkle torquekantajännebiomekaniikkaMaterials science0206 medical engineeringBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsshearAchilles Tendonjänteet03 medical and health sciencesstrainmedicineGastrocnemiusAnimalsDisplacement (orthopedic surgery)Rats WistarMuscle SkeletalBalance (ability)soleusShearDisplacementmedicine.disease020601 biomedical engineeringRatsnilkatAchilles tendonTorqueJoint angleJointsAnkle030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBiomedical engineeringJournal of biomechanics
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On the ubiquitous presence of histone acetyltransferase B in eukaryotes

1985

AbstractHistone acetyltransferase B activity has been found in pea (Pisun sativum) seedlings. The enzyme has been partially purified and it has been found that it is highly specific for H4. The results confirm that histone acetyltransferase B occurs in 3 eukaryotic kingdoms.

educationBiophysicsBiochemistrySativumHistone H1Structural BiologyHistone H2AGeneticsMolecular BiologyPisum sativumchemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyfood and beveragesCell BiologyHistone acetyltransferaseChromatinhumanitiesChromatinHistone acetyltransferase BEnzymeHistone acetylationPCAFBiochemistrychemistryHistone methyltransferasebiology.proteinFEBS Letters
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High-resolution spectroscopy of difference and combination bands of SF6 to elucidate the ν3 + ν1 − ν1 and ν3 + ν2 − ν2 hot band structures in the ν3 …

2014

The strong infrared absorption in the ν3 S–F stretching region of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) near 948 cm−1 makes it a powerful greenhouse gas. Although its present concentration in the atmosphere is very low, it is increasing rapidly, due to industrial pollution. The ground state population of this heavy species is only 32% at room temperature and thus many hot bands are present. Consequently, a reliable remote-sensing spectroscopic detection and monitoring of this species require an accurate modelling of these hot bands. We used two experimental set-ups at the SOLEIL French synchrotron facility to record some difference and combination bands of SF6: (1) a new cryogenic multiple pass cell w…

education.field_of_studyAbsorption spectroscopyChemistryPopulationBiophysicsAnalytical chemistryInfrared spectroscopyCondensed Matter PhysicsHot bandSpectral lineSynchrotronlaw.inventionlawPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyeducationGround stateMolecular BiologyMolecular Physics
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Design and experimental validation of a generic model for combinatorial assembly of DNA tiles into 1D-structures.

2010

Abstract Background Quantitative modeling of the self-assembly of DNA tiles leading either to defined end-products or distribution of biopolymers is of practical importance for biotechnology and synthetic biology. Methods The combinatorial process describing tile assembly was implemented into a generic algorithm allowing quantitative description of the population of significant species accumulating during the reaction course. Experimental formation and characterization by optical and electrophoresis approaches of copolymers resulting from the self-assembly of a limited number of half-complementary tiles were used to define and validate generic rules allowing definition of model parameters. …

education.field_of_studyBase SequenceModels GeneticSystems biologyDesign of experimentsPopulationMolecular Sequence DataBiophysicsStructure (category theory)Process (computing)Reproducibility of ResultsNanotechnologyDNABiologyBiochemistryCharacterization (materials science)Synthetic biologyKineticsDrug DesignCombinatorial Chemistry TechniquesComputer SimulationMacroeducationBiological systemMolecular BiologyBiochimica et biophysica acta
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Calcium efflux from human erythrocyte ghosts

1970

The passive Ca efflux from human red cell ghosts was studied in media of differing ion compositions and compared to the ATP-dependent Ca efflux. Cells were loaded with(45)Ca during reversible hemolysis, and the loss of radioactivity into the non-radioactive incubation medium was measured, usually for 3 hr at 37°C. Analysis of the efflux curves revealed that(45)Ca efflux followed the kinetics of a simple two-compartment system. In the concentration range between 0 and 1MM Ca in the external solution ([Ca(++)] o ), the rate constant of passive Ca efflux (k min(-1), fraction of(45)Ca lost per minute into the medium) increased from 0.00732 to 0.0150 min(-1). There was no further increase at hig…

education.field_of_studyChromatographyPhysiologyChemistryDiffusionKineticsPopulationBiophysicsCell BiologyMersalylchemistry.chemical_compoundReaction rate constantBiophysicsEnzyme kineticsEffluxeducationIncubationThe Journal of Membrane Biology
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Activation and Inactivation of Tetanus Toxin in Chromaffin Cells

1993

Tetanus toxin is produced by Clostridium tetani as a single chain, almost non-toxic, protein with a molecular weight of approximately 150.000 representing 1315 amino acids. Bacterial proteases cleave the molecule between positions A 457 and S 458 (extracellular activation), yielding a heavy chain (MW 100.000) and a light chain (MW 50.000) tetanus toxin (HC-TeTx, LC-TeTx). Both chains remain connected to each other by a disulphur bond between positions C 439 and C 467 (Dichain-TeTx)1. The cleavage or nicking dramatically increases the biological activity2. HC-TeTx is involved in binding DC-TeTx to gangliosides lodged in the plasma membrane, which is a prerequisite for incorporation into the …

education.field_of_studyClostridium tetaniChemistryPopulationEndocytosismedicine.disease_causeExocytosisCytosolmedicine.anatomical_structureChromaffin cellmedicineExtracellularBiophysicseducationIntracellular
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Two-photon excitation microscopy of tryptophan-containing proteins.

2002

We have examined the feasibility of observing single protein molecules by means of their intrinsic tryptophan emission after two-photon excitation. A respiratory protein from spiders, the 24-meric hemocyanin, containing 148 tryptophans, was studied in its native state under almost in vivo conditions. In this specific case, the intensity of the tryptophan emission signals the oxygen load, allowing one to investigate molecular cooperativity. As a system with even higher tryptophan content, we also investigated latex spheres covered with the protein avidin, resulting in 340 tryptophans per sphere. The ratio of the fluorescence quantum efficiency to the bleaching efficiency was found to vary b…

education.field_of_studyPhotonsMultidisciplinarygenetic structuresChemistryPopulationTryptophanAnalytical chemistryTryptophanCooperativityFluorescence correlation spectroscopyBiological SciencesFluorescencePhotobleachingRespiratory proteinTwo-photon excitation microscopyHemocyaninsBiophysicseducationProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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Toward Anticancer Immunotherapeutics: Well-Defined Polymer-Antibody Conjugates for Selective Dendritic Cell Targeting

2014

This paper describes the synthesis of semitelechelic maleimide-modified N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamid) (HPMA) based polymers of narrow dispersity that can be conjugated e.g. to anti-DEC-205 antibodies affording "star-like" topologies (one antibody decorated with several polymer chains). FCS revealed a hydrodynamic diameter of R(h)  = 7.9 nm and SEC narrow dispersity (1.45). Primary in vitro studies with bone marrow derived dendritic cells (DC) show higher cellular binding and uptake rates compared to control samples. Moreover, incubating these conjugates to primary splenocytes demonstrates a much higher affinity to the primary DCs than to any other immune cell population within the splee…

education.field_of_studyPolymers and PlasticsbiologyStereochemistryChemistryDispersityPopulationBioengineeringDendritic cellConjugated systemIn vitroBiomaterialsMaterials ChemistryBiophysicsbiology.proteinSplenocyteAntibodyeducationBiotechnologyConjugateMacromolecular Bioscience
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