Search results for "Bioquímica"
showing 10 items of 221 documents
Epidemiological and molecular associations between central nervous system disorders and cancer
2021
The study of comorbidity is becoming a key topic in biomedical research, which is especially relevant in the context of population ageing. Comorbidity has profound implications for individuals, practitioners, and health care systems. As a consequence, increasing efforts are being made by the scientific community to characterize better how disorders relate to each other and to identify the factors producing these associations. Cancer and central nervous system (CNS) disorders are among the top leading causes of death and disease burden worldwide. In recent decades direct and inverse patterns of association between CNS disorders and cancer have been reported. However, observational studies ha…
Naturaleza dinámica de MnmG. Una flavoenzima ancestral modificadora de tRNAs bacterianos y mitocondriales
2016
La modificación del tRNA es un proceso universal presente en todos los organismos y orgánulos de origen endosimbionte como mitocondria y cloroplasto. Las modificaciones de la uridina localizada en la posición de tambaleo del anticodón (conocida abreviadamente como U34) que implican la adición de un grupo aminometileno (o derivado) en la posición 5 (xm5) son especialmente importantes en el proceso de reconocimiento codón-anticodón y, por tanto, para una descodificación óptima del mensaje genético. La ausencia de estas modificaciones se asocia con un fenotipo pleiotrópico e incluso letalidad en determinadas condiciones. Las modificaciones del tipo xm5 son introducidas en la U34 de los tRNAs d…
Development and application of (bio)analytical methodologies in capillary electrophoresis. Enantioselectivity considerations
2014
El desarrollo de nuevos fármacos es un proceso largo, complejo y costoso que incluye la evaluación en diferentes etapas de propiedades farmacocinéticas y farmacodinámicas de la nueva molécula. En las primeras etapas del desarrollo de un fármaco es habitual el uso de métodos in vitro para el cribado de alto rendimiento de las propiedades de nuevas moléculas, con el objetivo de obtener datos preliminares sobre la potencial actividad farmacológica de una molécula y sobre su farmacocinética. Cuando se emplean moléculas quirales, tanto sus propiedades farmacocinéticas como las farmacodinámicas pueden presentar un cierto grado de enantioselectividad debido a la interacción con biomacromoléculas ó…
[1,2,3]Triazolo[1,5-a]piridinas y compuestos relacionados : aplicaciones en química supramolecular : actividad biológica
2013
Los heterociclos nitrogenados son moléculas clave dentro de numerosos campos científicos. En concreto, los triazoles han encontrado numerosas aplicaciones en química médica como antifúngicos (fluconazol, posaconazol), antidepresivos (trazodona) o anticancerígenos (triazoloacridonas). En este contexto se decidió sintetizar nuevos derivados de [1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]piridinas con el fin de explorar su capacidad de interaccionar con ADN y su actividad leishmanicida y antichagásica. Con este objetivo se ha utilizado la química clásica de las triazolopiridinas (reacción de litiación regioselectiva de este heterociclo, seguida de adición de un electrófilo), para obtener nuevos derivados con estruc…
Activation of AMPK by medicinal plants and natural products: Its role in type 2 diabetes mellitus
2019
Type-2 Diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disease characterized by permanent hyperglycemia, whose development can be prevented or delayed by using therapeutic agents and implementing lifestyle changes. Some therapeutic alternatives include regulation of glycemia through modulation of different mediators and enzymes, such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a highly relevant cellular energy sensor for metabolic homeostasis regulation, with particular relevance in the modulation of liver and muscle insulin sensitivity. This makes it a potential therapeutic target for antidiabetic drugs. In fact, some of them are standard drugs used for treatment of T2D, such as biguanides and thiazoli-dindione…
Role of Ca2+-activated K+ channels and Na+,K+-ATPase in prostaglandin E1- and E2-induced inhibition of the adrenergic response in human vas deferens
2011
We studied the role of K(+) channels and Na(+),K(+)-ATPase in the presynaptic inhibitory effects of prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)) and PGE(2) on the adrenergic responses of human vas deferens. Furthermore, we determined the effects of increasing extracellular K(+) concentrations ([K(+)](o)) and inhibition of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase on neurogenic and norepinephrine-induced contractile responses. Ring segments of the epididymal part of the vas deferens were taken from 45 elective vasectomies and mounted in organ baths for isometric recording of tension. The neuromodulatory effects of PGEs were tested in the presence of K(+) channel blockers. PGE(1) and PGE(2) (10(-8) to 10(-6)M) induced inhibition of …
dIvergEnt: How IgE Axis Contributes to the Continuum of Allergic Asthma and Anti-IgE Therapies
2017
[EN] Asthma is an airway disease characterised by chronic inflammation with intermittent or permanent symptoms including wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and cough, which vary in terms of their occurrence, frequency, and intensity. The most common associated feature in the airways of patients with asthma is airway inflammation. In recent decades, efforts have been made to characterise the heterogeneous clinical nature of asthma. The interest in improving the definitions of asthma phenotypes and endotypes is growing, although these classifications do not always correlate with prognosis nor are always appropriate therapeutic approaches. Attempts have been made to identify the m…
Inhibition of liver trans-sulphuration pathway by propargylglycine mimics gene expression changes found in the mammary gland of weaned lactating rats…
2003
In the lactatingmammary gland, weaning produces mitochondrial cytochrome c release and nuclear DNA fragmentation, as determined by gel electrophoresis. This is followed by a significant decrease in lactation. Weaning for 2 h produces an early induction of the tumour suppressor/transcription factor p53, whereas the oncoprotein c-Jun and c-Jun N-terminal kinase are elevated after 24 h of weaning when compared with controls. The expression of p21cip1 and p27kip1, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, was significantly higher in weaned rats when compared with control lactating rats. All the changes mentioned above also happen in the lactatingmammary gland when propargylglycine, an inhibitor of th…
Extraction of lipids from microalgae using classical and innovative approaches
2022
Microalgae, as a photosynthetic autotrophic organism, contain a variety of bioactive compounds, including lipids, proteins, polysaccharides, which have been applied in food, medicine, and fuel industries, among others. Microalgae are considered a good source of marine lipids due to their high content in unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) and can be used as a supplement/replacement for fish-based oil. The high concentration of docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA) in microalgae lipids, results in important physiological functions, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immune regulation, being also a prerequisite for its development and application. In this paper, a variety…
Diseño, desarrollo e implementación de una plataforma bioinformática orientada al análisis y gestión de infomación en epidemiología molecular
2011
La investigación genética y epidemiológica de las enfermedades infecciosas requiere actualmente grandes cantidades de datos. En un laboratorio de tamaño medio, la información necesaria para realizar estudios de investigación suele almacenarse de forma independiente en diferentes formatos y lugares, lo que dificulta su gestión y análisis. Esta organización de la información conlleva que el trabajo habitual en un laboratorio se realice de forma lenta y desordenada. En esta situación, la integración de la información es de vital importancia para poder llevar a cabo estos trabajos de forma eficiente, sistematizada y común a todos los investigadores del laboratorio. La principal motivación de es…