Search results for "Bioreactor"

showing 10 items of 397 documents

Nitrogen removal from on-site treated anaerobic effluents using intermittently aerated moving bed biofilm reactors at low temperatures

2005

Abstract On-site post-treatment of anaerobically pre-treated dairy parlour wastewater (DPWW e ; 10 °C) and mixture of kitchen waste and black water (BWKW e ; 20 °C) was studied in moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR). The focus was on removal of nitrogen and of residual chemical oxygen demand (COD). Moreover, the effect of intermittent aeration and continuous vs. sequencing batch operation was studied. All MBBRs removed 50–60% of nitrogen and 40–70% of total COD (COD t ). Complete nitrification was achieved, but denitrification was restricted by lack of carbon. Nitrogen removal was achieved in a single reactor by applying intermittent aeration. Continuous and sequencing batch operation provid…

0106 biological sciencesBiochemical oxygen demandEnvironmental EngineeringDenitrificationNitrogen010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesBioreactors010608 biotechnologyBioreactorWaste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWater Science and TechnologyCivil and Structural EngineeringWaste managementChemistryMoving bed biofilm reactorEcological ModelingChemical oxygen demandPollution6. Clean waterCold TemperatureWastewaterBiofilmsNitrificationAerationWater Pollutants ChemicalWater Research
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Biotrickling filter modeling for styrene abatement. Part 1: Model development, calibration and validation on an industrial scale

2017

Abstract A three-phase dynamic mathematical model based on mass balances describing the main processes in biotrickling filtration: convection, mass transfer, diffusion, and biodegradation was calibrated and validated for the simulation of an industrial styrene-degrading biotrickling filter. The model considered the key features of the industrial operation of biotrickling filters: variable conditions of loading and intermittent irrigation. These features were included in the model switching from the mathematical description of periods with and without irrigation. Model equations were based on the mass balances describing the main processes in biotrickling filtration: convection, mass transfe…

0106 biological sciencesConvectionEngineeringEnvironmental EngineeringHealth Toxicology and MutagenesiseducationBiotrickling filter010501 environmental sciencesResidence time (fluid dynamics)01 natural scienceslaw.invention:Enginyeria química::Química del medi ambient::Química atmosfèrica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Filter (large eddy simulation)Bioreactorslaw010608 biotechnologyMass transferEnvironmental ChemistryGases - PurificationVolatile organic compoundDiffusion (business)FiltrationStyrene0105 earth and related environmental scienceschemistry.chemical_classificationgeographyAir PollutantsVolatile Organic Compoundsgeography.geographical_feature_categorybusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthEnvironmental engineeringGeneral MedicineGeneral ChemistryPilot unitModels TheoreticalVolatile organic compoundInletPollutionGasos - DepuracióBiodegradation EnvironmentalchemistryCalibrationMathematical modelingBiological air treatmentbusinessFiltration
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Parameter identification and state estimation of a microalgae dynamical model in sulphur deprived conditions: Global sensitivity analysis, optimizati…

2014

International audience; In this article, a dynamic model describing the growth of the green microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii , under light attenuation and sulphur‐deprived conditions leading to hydrogen production in a photobioreactor is presented. The strong interactions between biological and physical phenomena require complex mathematical expressions with an important number of parameters. This article presents a global identification procedure in three steps using data from batch experiments. First, it includes the application of a sensitivity function analysis, which allows one to determine the parameters having the greatest influence on model outputs. Secondly, the most influentia…

0106 biological sciencesEngineeringObserver (quantum physics)business.industryGeneral Chemical Engineering05 social sciencesExperimental dataPhotobioreactorFunction (mathematics)01 natural sciences7. Clean energy[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]Extended Kalman filterSoftware010608 biotechnology0502 economics and business[INFO]Computer Science [cs]Stage (hydrology)Gas composition050207 economicsBiological systembusinessSimulationThe Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering
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Aeration control in membrane bioreactor for sustainable environmental footprint

2020

In this study different scenarios were scrutinized to minimize the energy consumption of a membrane bioreactor system for wastewater treatment. Open-loop and closed-loop scenarios were investigated by two-step cascade control strategies based on dissolved oxygen, ammonia and nitrite concentrations. An integrated MBR model which includes also the greenhouse gas formation/emission processes was applied. A substantial energy consumption reduction was obtained for the closed-loop scenarios (32% for Scenario 1 and 82% for Scenario 2). The air flow control based on both ammonia and nitrite concentrations within the aerobic reactor (Scenario 2) provided excellent results in terms of reduction of o…

0106 biological sciencesEnvironmental EngineeringAeration-based control strategyBioengineeringWastewater010501 environmental sciencesMembrane bioreactorWaste Disposal Fluid01 natural sciencesGreenhouse Gaseschemistry.chemical_compoundBioreactorsAmmonia010608 biotechnologyBioreactorWaste WaterNitriteWaste Management and DisposalOperating cost0105 earth and related environmental sciencesProportion-integration controlSettore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentEnvironmental engineeringGeneral MedicineEnergy consumptionOxygenchemistryGreenhouse gasMembrane bioreactorEnvironmental scienceSewage treatmentAerationBioresource Technology
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Removal of acetone from air emissions by biotrickling filters: providing solutions from laboratory to full-scale

2018

A full-scale biotrickling filter (BTF) treating acetone air emissions of wood-coating activities showed difficulties to achieve outlet concentrations lower than 125 mg C m-3, especially for high inlet concentrations and oscillating emissions. To solve this problem, a laboratory investigation on acetone removal was carried out simulating typical industrial conditions: discontinuous and variable inlet concentrations and intermittent spraying. The results were evaluated in terms of removal efficiency and outlet gas emission pattern. Industrial emissions and operational protocols were simulated: inlet load up to 70 g C m-3 h-1 during 2 cycles of 4 h per day and intermittent trickling of 15 min …

0106 biological sciencesEnvironmental EngineeringAlkalinity010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesAcetonechemistry.chemical_compoundBioreactorsTechnology Transfer010608 biotechnologyAcetoneVolatile organic compoundVehicle Emissions0105 earth and related environmental scienceschemistry.chemical_classificationPollutantAir PollutantsVolatile Organic Compoundsgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryEquipment DesignGeneral MedicinePulp and paper industryInletFilter (aquarium)Air FilterschemistryBiofilterEnvironmental scienceLaboratoriesFugitive emissionsFiltrationJournal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A
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Anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) scale-up from laboratory to pilot-scale for microalgae and primary sludge co-digestion: Biological and filtrati…

2020

This research work proposes the scale-up evaluation in terms of biological and filtration performance from laboratory to pilot-scale of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) co-digesting raw microalgae and primary sludge. Best operating conditions for this scale-up were energetically and economically assessed based on laboratory results. Economic balance showed 3% higher annual costs when operating a reactor at 100 d solids retention time (SRT) compared to 70 d SRT. Energetic balance showed a 5.5-fold increase in heat demand working at thermophilic temperature comparing to mesophilic. The AnMBR operating conditions were set at 70 d SRT and 35 °C. The pilot-scale and lab-scale co-digester…

0106 biological sciencesEnvironmental EngineeringBioengineering010501 environmental sciences01 natural scienceslaw.inventionBioreactorsBiogaslaw010608 biotechnologyMicroalgaeBioreactorAnaerobiosisWaste Management and DisposalFiltration0105 earth and related environmental sciencesSewageRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemical oxygen demandGeneral MedicinePulp and paper industryAnaerobic digestionBiofuelSCALE-UPEnvironmental scienceMethaneFiltrationMesophileBioresource Technology
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Co-digestion of harvested microalgae and primary sludge in a mesophilic anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR): Methane potential and microbial divers…

2020

Abstract Anaerobic co-digestion of primary sludge and raw microalgae (Scenedesmus and Chlorella) was performed in a lab-scale semi-continuous anaerobic membrane bioreactor to assess the biological performance and identify the microbial community involved in the co-digestion process. The reactor was operated at 35 °C for 440 days, working at a solids retention time of 100 days. The system achieved 73% biodegradability and showed high stability in terms of pH and volatile fatty acids. An enriched microbial community was observed. Of the several phyla, Chloroflexi and Proteobacteria were the most abundant. Cellulose-degraders phyla (Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi and Thermotogae) were detected. Sy…

0106 biological sciencesEnvironmental EngineeringBioengineeringChlorella010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesMethanosaetaBioreactors010608 biotechnologyMicroalgaeAnaerobiosisWaste Management and DisposalEffluent0105 earth and related environmental sciencesSewagebiologyRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemistryGeneral MedicineBiodegradationbiology.organism_classificationPulp and paper industryChloroflexi (class)Microbial population biologyDigestateProteobacteriaMethaneMesophileBioresource Technology
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Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR) treating urban wastewater in mild climates

2020

[EN] Feasibility of an AnMBR demonstration plant treating urban wastewater (UWW) at temperatures around 25-30 degrees C was assessed during a 350-day experimental period. The plant was fed with the effluent from the pretreatment of a full-scale municipal WWTP, characterized by high COD and sulfate concentrations. Biodegradability of the UWW reached values up to 87%, although a portion of the biodegradable COD was consumed by sulfate reducing organisms. Effluent COD remained below effluent discharge limits, achieving COD removals above 90%. System operation resulted in a reduction of sludge production of 36-58% compared to theoretical aerobic sludge productions. The membranes were operated a…

0106 biological sciencesEnvironmental EngineeringBioengineeringMild/warmer climateWastewater010501 environmental sciencesWaste Disposal Fluid01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundBioreactors010608 biotechnologyBioreactorUrban wastewater (UWW)AnaerobiosisSulfateWaste Management and DisposalEffluentTECNOLOGIA DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentAnaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR)Membrane foulingMembranes ArtificialGeneral MedicineBiodegradationPulp and paper industryMethane productionIndustrial-scale membraneMembraneWastewaterchemistryEnvironmental scienceMethaneAnaerobic exerciseDemonstration plant
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A plant-wide modelling comparison between membrane bioreactors and conventional activated sludge

2020

Abstract A comprehensive plant-wide mathematical modelling comparison between conventional activated sludge (CAS) and Membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems is presented. The main aim of this study is to highlight the key features of CAS and MBR in order to provide a guide for an effective plant operation. A scenario analysis was performed to investigate the influence on direct and indirect greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and operating costs of (i) the composition of inflow wastewater (scenario 1), (ii) operating conditions (scenario 2) and (iii) oxygen transfer efficiency (scenario 3). Scenarios show higher indirect GHG emissions for MBR than CAS, which result is related to the higher energy con…

0106 biological sciencesEnvironmental EngineeringBioengineeringWastewater010501 environmental sciencesMembrane bioreactor01 natural sciencesWaste Disposal FluidGreenhouse GasesBioreactors010608 biotechnologyBioreactorWaste WaterScenario analysisWaste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWWTPEnergy demandMathematical modellingSewageSettore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentEnvironmental engineeringMembranes ArtificialGeneral MedicineEnergy consumptionActivated sludgeWastewaterPlant-wide modelGreenhouse gasSimple modelEnvironmental scienceWaste disposal
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Unexpected high production of biohydrogen from the endogenous fermentation of grape must deposits

2020

International audience; The aim of this work was to assess the performances of wine byproduct biomass for hydrogen production by dark fermentation. Grape must deposits from two grape varieties (Pinot Gris and Chardonnay) were considered, either with external microbial inoculum or without. We show that grape must residues contain endogenous microflora, well adapted to their environment, which can degrade sugars (initially contained in the biomass) to hydrogen without any nutrient addition. Indeed, hydrogen production during endogenous fermentation is as efficient as with an external heat-treated inoculum (2.5 ± 0.4 LH2.L-1reactor and 1.61 ± 0.41 molH2.mol-1consumed hexose, respectively) with…

0106 biological sciencesEnvironmental EngineeringBiomassWinery wasteBioengineeringValorization010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciences7. Clean energyEndogenous fermentationBioreactorsRNA Ribosomal 16S010608 biotechnologyBioreactorVitisBiohydrogenFood scienceWaste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesHydrogen productionWineRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemistryfood and beveragesGeneral MedicineDark fermentationBiofuelFermentationFermentation[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionDark fermentationHydrogen
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