Search results for "Bioreactor"

showing 10 items of 397 documents

A synthetic biology approach for the fabrication of functional (fluorescent magnetic) bioorganic–inorganic hybrid materials in sponge primmorphs

2020

During evolution, sponges (Porifera) have honed the genetic toolbox and biosynthetic mechanisms for the fabrication of siliceous skeletal components (spicules). Spicules carry a protein scaffold embedded within biogenic silica (biosilica) and feature an amazing range of optical, structural, and mechanical properties. Thus, it is tempting to explore the low-energy synthetic pathways of spiculogenesis for the fabrication of innovative hybrid materials. In this synthetic biology approach, the uptake of multifunctional nonbiogenic nanoparticles (fluorescent, superparamagnetic) by spicule-forming cells of bioreactor-cultivated sponge primmorphs provides access to spiculogenesis. The ingested nan…

ScaffoldbiologyChemistryNanoparticleBioengineeringNanotechnologySilicon Dioxidebiology.organism_classificationApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyFluorescencePoriferaSynthetic biologySpongeBioreactorsSponge spiculeMagnetsAnimalsMagnetic Iron Oxide NanoparticlesSynthetic BiologyHybrid materialFluorescent DyesBiotechnologySuperparamagnetismBiotechnology and Bioengineering
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Assessment of wastewater treatment plant design for small communities: Environmental and economic aspects

2012

The preliminary design and economic assessment of small wastewater treatment plants (less than 2000 population equivalent) are issues of particular interest since wastewaters from most of these agglomerations are not covered yet. This work aims to assess nine different technologies set-up for the secondary treatment in such type of facilities embracing both economic and environmental parameters. The main novelty of this work is the combination of an innovative environmental decision support system (EDSS) with a pioneer approach based on the inclusion of the environmental benefits derived from wastewater treatment. The integration of methodologies based on cost-benefit analysis tools with th…

Secondary treatmentDecision support systemEngineeringEnvironmental EngineeringCost-Benefit Analysis0207 environmental engineering02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesReuseWaste Disposal Fluid01 natural sciencesDecision Support TechniquesWater Purification12. Responsible consumptionBioreactorsEnvironmental ChemistryPonds020701 environmental engineeringWaste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWaste managementCost–benefit analysisbusiness.industryEnvironmental economicsSilicon DioxidePollution6. Clean waterWork (electrical)SustainabilityPopulation equivalentbusinessFiltrationWaste disposalScience of The Total Environment
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Enhanced Accumulation of Betulinic Acid in Transgenic Hairy Roots of Senna obtusifolia Growing in the Sprinkle Bioreactor and Evaluation of Their Bio…

2021

Betulinic acid, which is found in transgenic roots of Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby, is a pentacyclic triterpene with distinctive pharmacological activities. In this study, we report the differences in the content of betulinic acid and selected anthraquinones in transgenic S. obtusifolia hairy roots with overexpression of the PgSS1 gene (SOPSS2 line) and in transformed hairy roots without this genetic construct (SOA41 line). Both hairy root lines grew in 10 L sprinkle bioreactor. Additionally, the extracts obtained from this plant material were used for biological tests. Our results demonstrated that the SOPSS2 hairy root cultures from the bioreactor showed an increase in the c…

Senna PlantTransgeneBioengineeringAnthraquinonesApoptosisMicrobial Sensitivity TestsGram-Positive BacteriaBiochemistryModels BiologicalPlant Rootschemistry.chemical_compoundBioreactorsTriterpeneGene Expression Regulation PlantBetulinic acidCell Line TumorAnthraquinonesGene expressionGram-Negative BacteriaBioreactorHumansAntiviral activityBetulinic AcidMolecular BiologyCell ProliferationPlant Proteinsbcl-2-Associated X Proteinchemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyPlant ExtractsSprinkle bioreactorGeneral ChemistryGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationAntimicrobialPlants Genetically ModifiedBiodiversitatAnticancerchemistryBiochemistryGlucosyltransferasesTransgenic hairy rootsMolecular MedicineAntimicrobialGene expressionTumor Suppressor Protein p53Senna obtusifoliaPentacyclic TriterpenesChemistrybiodiversity
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Effects of Humic Substances and Soya Lecithin on the Aerobic Bioremediation of a Soil Historically Contaminated by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (…

2004

The high hydrophobicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) strongly reduces their bioavailability in aged contaminated soils, thus limiting their bioremediation. The biodegradation of PAHs in soils can be enhanced by employing surface-active agents. However, chemical surfactants are often recalcitrant and exert toxic effects in the amended soils. The effects of two biogenic materials as pollutant-mobilizing agents on the aerobic bioremediation of an aged-contaminated soil were investigated here. A soil historically contaminated by about 13 g kg(-1) of a large variety of PAHs, was amended with soya lecithin (SL) or humic substances (HS) at 1.5% w/w and incubated in aerobic solid-phas…

Settore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaBioengineeringcomplex mixturesApplied Microbiology and Biotechnologyhumic substanceSoilSurface-Active AgentsBioreactorsBioremediationbioremediationsoya lecithinSoil PollutantsHUMIC SUBSTANCESPolycyclic Aromatic HydrocarbonsSoil MicrobiologyChemistryPAHCONTAMINATED SOILSpolycy-clic aromatic hydrocarbonBiodegradationSoil contaminationBioavailabilityBiodegradation Environmentalcontaminated soilEnvironmental chemistrySoil waterPhosphatidylcholinesAerobieSoybeansEcotoxicitySoil microbiologyBiotechnology
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Fed-batch pre-industrial production and purification of a consensus tetratricopeptide repeat (CTPR) scaffold as a container for Fluorescent Proteins …

2022

White light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) are big news in the field of lighting, however, current production processes are still very expensive or based on unsustainable inorganic metals such as inorganic phosphorus. The EU-funded ARTIBLED project aims to produce low-cost and high-efficiency Bio-hybrid light-emitting diodes (Bio-HLEDs). This can be achieved using artificially synthesized fluorescent proteins linked in biological scaffolds like the packaging to obtain LED for lighting applications containing a biogenic phosphor. This study aims to optimize the protein scaffold CTPR10 production process to obtain a high number of scaffolds with a good purity level for Bio-HLEDs construction. Differ…

Settore BIO/10 - BiochimicaBioreactor cultivation Batch Fed-batch purification.
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The fouling phenomenon in membrane bioreactors: assessment of different strategies for energy saving

2012

Membrane fouling represents one of the major limiting issue for membrane bioreactor (MBR) in the wastewater treatment field. Membrane fouling and high aeration requirement (for inducing shear stress to limit fouling) in MBR systems make the operation of such systems economically demanding due to high energetic costs. Despite several studies on MBR fouling have been performed a comprehensive knowledge on how to reduce membrane fouling and consequently energy saving is still lacking and controversial. The aim of this study is to gain insights on the optimization of the operating conditions in an MBR system. In particular, the influence of the aeration intensity and the durations of filtration…

Settore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleEnergetic costs integrated MBR model membrane bioreactor
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New applications in integrated fixed film activated sludge-membrane bioreactor (IFAS-MBR) systems

2020

Abstract This chapter provides an overview on the development and application of integrated fixed film activated sludge-membrane bioreactor (IFAS-MBR) systems. IFAS-MBRs represent a novel configuration for advanced wastewater treatment, and only a few studies are available in literature. With this aim, the results of some studies on IFAS-MBR systems already published are discussed and compared in this chapter. Literature shows that the influent carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) strongly affects the biological process in IFAS-MBR. The organic matter removal efficiency (removed biologically) decreases from 60% to 23.5% with the decrease of influent C/N from 10 to 2 mgCOD mgTN− 1. Nitrogen remova…

Settore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleFoulingCarbon-to-nitrogen ratioChemistryIFAS-MBRMembrane foulingFoulingMembrane bioreactorRemoval efficiencyBiodegradabilityActivated sludgeWastewaterChemical engineeringBioreactorSewage treatmentEPS
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Quantifying sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of a new mathematical model for the evaluation of greenhouse gas emissions from membrane bioreactors

2015

Abstract A new mathematical model able to quantify greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in terms of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) for a Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) is presented. The proposed mathematical model is of the Activated Sludge Model (ASM) family and takes into account simultaneously both biological and physical processes (e.g., membrane fouling). An analysis of the key factors and sources of uncertainty influencing GHG emissions is also presented. Specifically, the standardized regression coefficient, the Extended-FAST and a Monte Carlo based method are employed for assessing model factors which influence three performance indicators: effluent quality index, operational…

Settore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleGlobal warmingMonte Carlo methodMembrane foulingEnvironmental engineeringFiltration and SeparationActivated sludge modelWastewater treatmentMembrane bioreactorBiochemistryMembrane technologyEmissionPilot plantGreenhouse gasEnvironmental scienceGeneral Materials ScienceMaterials Science (all)Emissions; Global warming; Model-based evaluation; Wastewater treatment; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; Materials Science (all); Biochemistry; Filtration and SeparationModel-based evaluationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryUncertainty analysis
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Membrane Fouling Mitigation in MBR via the Feast–Famine Strategy to Enhance PHA Production by Activated Sludge

2022

Fouling is considered one of the main drawbacks of membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology. Among the main fouling agents, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are considered one of the most impactful since they cause the decrease of sludge filterability and decline of membrane flux in the long term. The present study investigated a biological strategy to reduce the membrane-fouling tendency in MBR systems. This consisted of seeding the reactor with activated sludge enriched in microorganisms with polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) storage ability and by imposing proper operating conditions to drive the carbon toward intracellular (PHA) rather than extracellular (EPS) accumulation. For that purpos…

Settore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleProcess Chemistry and Technologyextracellular polymeric substances (EPS) cake layer fouling control membrane bioreactor (MBR) polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) resistance in series (RIS) model soluble microbial products (SMP)Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous)Filtration and Separationextracellular polymeric substances (EPS); cake layer; fouling control; membrane bioreactor (MBR); polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA); resistance in series (RIS) model; soluble microbial products (SMP)Membranes
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Characterization of wastewater and biomass activity in a membrane bioreactor using respirometric techniques

2010

Over the last two decades, Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs) emerged even more for wastewater treatment, ensuring high removal efficiencies as well as very small footprint required. Indeed, in this kind of process, a modification in biomass activity and viability can exist compared to that of a conventional activated sludge (CAS) process. In this context, respirometric analysis represents a reliable tool in order to evaluate the actual biomass kinetic parameters, to insert in mathematical models in the design phase, as well as to monitor the biomass viability, especially when these processes are operated with high sludge retention time (SRT) values. The paper presents some results of respirometri…

Settore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleRespirometric analysis biokinetic coefficients Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) wastewater treatment Solid Retention Time (SRT) pilot plant experiment
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