Search results for "Biota"
showing 10 items of 679 documents
Toxicity of waste dump leachates and sugar factory effluents and their impact on groundwater and surface water quality in the Opole Province in Poland
2000
A battery of Toxkit microbiotests with 4 aquatic species from different trophic levels has been used to evaluate the toxicity of 2 types of point source pollution in the Voivoidship of Opole in Poland: percolating waters from drainage systems of 4 municipal waste dumps and the effluents of a sugar factory. In addition, the toxicity of groundwaters from 2 wells near 2 waste dumps was also assessed. All the drainage waters of the waste dumps and the groundwaters near one dump (an unprotected landfill) showed toxic effects on all the test species, for samples taken in spring as well as in autumn. The well water of the (more recent) waste dump of the City of Opole in turn did not show any toxic…
Byers Peninsula: A reference site for coastal, terrestrial and limnetic ecosystem studies in maritime Antarctica
2009
Abstract This article describes the development of an international and multidisciplinary project funded by the Spanish Polar Programme on Byers Peninsula (Livingston Island, South Shetlands). The project adopted Byers Peninsula as an international reference site for coastal and terrestrial (including inland waters) research within the framework of the International Polar Year initiative. Over 30 scientists from 12 countries and 26 institutions participated in the field work, and many others participated in the processing of the samples. The main themes investigated were: Holocene changes in climate, using both lacustrine sediment cores and palaeo-nests of penguins; limnology of the lakes, …
Coelobiontic communities in neptunian fissures of synsedimentary tectonic origin in Permian reef, southern Urals, Russia
2007
Sedimentary dykes in the Permian reef complexes of the Russian platform are well preserved and important in providing information about reef growth, the reef biota and, particularly, cavity-dwelling organisms and sediment sources. Two main fissure assemblages are recognized with N80° and N170° (late Asselian-early Sakmarian) and N130°–140° and N60° (Sakmarian-Artinskian) orientations. These contemporaneous orthogonal dyke sets present orientations corresponding to the regional tectonic fabric and a tectonic origin for fracturing associated with the foreland basin development. The largest dykes record eight lithofacies and several stages of fracture opening. Stromatoids and centimetre-thick …
From Dysbiosis to Neurodegenerative Diseases through Different Communication Pathways: An Overview
2023
The microbiome research field has rapidly evolved over the last few decades, becoming a major topic of scientific and public interest. The gut microbiota (GM) is the microbial population living in the gut. The GM has many functions, such as maintaining gut homeostasis and host health, providing defense against enteric pathogens, and involvement in immune system development. Several studies have shown that GM is implicated in dysbiosis and is presumed to contribute to neurodegeneration. This review focuses mainly on describing the connection between the intestinal microbiome alterations (dysbiosis) and the onset of neurodegenerative diseases to explore the mechanisms that link the GM to nerv…
The Synbiotic Combination of Akkermansia muciniphila and Quercetin Ameliorates Early Obesity and NAFLD through Gut Microbiota Reshaping and Bile Acid…
2021
Gut microbiota plays a key role in obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), so synbiotics could be a therapeutic alternative. We aim to evaluate a nutritional intervention together with the administration of the bacteria Akkermansia muciniphila and the antioxidant quercetin in an in vivo model of early obesity and NAFLD. 21-day-old rats were fed with control or high-fat diet for six weeks. Then, all animals received control diet supplemented with/without quercetin and/or A. muciniphila for three weeks. Gut microbiota, NAFLD-related parameters, circulating bile acids (BAs) and liver gene expression were analyzed. The colonization with A. muciniphila was associated with less bod…
The Role of Human Microbiota in Myasthenia Gravis: A Narrative Review
2023
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune neuromuscular disease characterized by fluctuating weakness of the skeletal muscles. Although antibodies against the neuromuscular junction components are recognized, the MG pathogenesis remains unclear, even if with a well-known multifactorial character. However, the perturbations of human microbiota have been recently suggested to contribute to MG pathogenesis and clinical course. Accordingly, some products derived from commensal flora have been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory effects, while other have been shown to possess pro-inflammatory properties. In addition, patients with MG when compared with age-matched controls showed a distinctive …
Pholiotina cyanopus, a rare fungus producing psychoactive tryptamines
2014
Abstract Pholiotina cyanopus was collected from wood chips and other woody remnants of undetermined tree species. Its basidiomata were found in June within the area of closed sawmill in the central part of Żywiec city (SW Poland). Description and illustration of Ph. cyanopus based on Polish specimens are provided and its ecology, general distribution and comparison with similar taxa – Pholiotina smithii, Pholiotina sulcatipes, and others are discussed as well. The identity of the active compounds of Ph. cyanopus was additionally determined. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) data sets were obtained to support the occurrence of psilocybin and its analogues – psilocin, baeocystin…
HUMAN MILK IS NOT “MERELY NUTRITIOUS”: HOW ITS BIOACTIVE ROLE CAN INFLUENCE CHILD HEALTH
2021
Maternal milk represents the best food for the newborn, providing specific physiologic advantages over the other sources of nutrition. It also contains many hundreds to thousands of bioactive molecules that protect against infection (i.e. IgA), inflammation (i.e. 5-methylthioadenosine) and contribute to eliciting strong immune responses in breastfed children (i.e. allergens or viral antigens). Quality and quantity of breast milk components may influence the development of infant body composition in the first years of life; in particular, it has been shown that a different composition of human oligosaccharides (HMOs) in overweight/obese women’s human milk can be correlated with her offspring…
Parámetros clínicos y características microbiológicas en pacientes con tejidos periimplantarios sanos, mucositis y peri-implantitis
2014
La restauración de los dientes ausentes mediante implantes dentales constituye hoy en día un tratamiento rutinario y muy extendido. Varios estudios longitudinales han demostrado altas tasas de supervivencia de los implantes en función, que van desde el 90 % al 95 % en un periodo de hasta 20 años de seguimiento. Las complicaciones biológicas alrededor de los implantes dentales se clasifican en tempranas y tardías. Los fracasos tempranos son los que tienen lugar en el tiempo hasta la conexión del pilar al implante y son más fáciles de diagnosticar debido a la falta de osteointegración. Los fracasos tardíos son el resultado de la incapacidad de mantener la oseointegración, siendo la complicaci…
Intestinal microbiota mutualism and gastrointestinal diseases
2015
The purpose of this work is to investigate the link between an altered intestinal mcro-biota or dysbiosis and chronic inflammatory disorders, in particular inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Along with probiotics, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) opts to be a promising therapeutic treatment for restoring the bacterial homeostasis of the hu-man intestine and reducing the risk of colorectal carcinogenesis. Microbiota is the com-plex microbial flora that resides in the gut establishing a mutually beneficial relation-ship. Alteration of the microbiota’s composition, termed as dysbiosis, may lead to pathological conditions. Treatment with probiotics can restore the normal commensal flora i…