Search results for "Bismuth"

showing 10 items of 151 documents

Pressure effects on the vibrational properties of alpha-Bi2O3: an experimental and theoretical study

2014

We report an experimental and theoretical high-pressure study of the vibrational properties of synthetic monoclinic bismuth oxide (alpha-Bi2O3), also known as mineral bismite. The comparison of Raman scattering measurements and theoretical lattice-dynamics ab initio calculations is key to understanding the complex vibrational properties of bismite. On one hand, calculations help in the symmetry assignment of phonons and to discover the phonon interactions taking place in this low-symmetry compound, which shows considerable phonon anticrossings; and, on the other hand, measurements help to validate the accuracy of first-principles calculations relating to this compound. We have also studied …

Models MolecularPhase transitionPhononHydrostatic pressureMolecular Conformationchemistry.chemical_elementMolecular physicsVibrationPhase TransitionBismuthCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakeAb initio quantum chemistry methodsMaterials TestingPressureTransition TemperatureGeneral Materials ScienceComputer SimulationHydrostatic pressureChemistryLattice dynamicsCondensed Matter PhysicsAmorphizationAmorphous solidCrystallographyModels ChemicalFISICA APLICADAsymbolsSesquioxidesAb initio calculationsBismuthRaman scatteringMonoclinic crystal system
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Nanowires for NEMS Switches

2020

Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are a promising novel technology for operation in extreme conditions (e.g. high temperature and radiation levels), where complementary semiconductor technology devices might fail due to electronic instability. An example for a NEMS device is a nanowire-based switch, which employs mechanical deflection of a nanowire to open and close an electrical circuit. To date, assembly and operation of individual nanowire based NEMS switches have been successfully demonstrated at laboratory level, but their further technological development remains a challenge. This chapter gives an insight into the current advances in applications of nanowires for NEMS switches. Syn…

Nanoelectromechanical systemsMaterials sciencebusiness.industryNanowirechemistry.chemical_elementGermaniumNanotechnologylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundSemiconductorchemistrylawElectrical networkBismuth selenideMechanical resonancebusinessNanodevice
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Catalyst-free vapour-solid technique for deposition of Bi2Te3 and Bi2Se3 nanowires/nanobelts with topological insulator properties.

2015

We present a simple two-stage vapour–solid synthesis method for the growth of bismuth chalcogenide (Bi2Te3, Bi2Se3) topological insulator nanowires/nanobelts by using Bi2Se3 or Bi2Te3 powders as source materials. During the first stage of the synthesis process nanoplateteles, serving as “catalysts” for further nanowire/nanobelt growth, are formed. At a second stage of the synthesis, the introduction of a N2 flow at 35 Torr pressure in the chamber induces the formation of free standing nanowires/nanobelts. The synthesised nanostructures demonstrate a layered single-crystalline structure and Bi : Se and Bi : Te ratios 40 : 60 at% for both Bi2Se3 and Bi2Te3 nanowires/nanobelts. The presence of…

NanostructureMaterials scienceChalcogenideNanowirechemistry.chemical_elementNanotechnologyBismuthchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical engineeringTopological insulatorTorrGeneral Materials ScienceDeposition (law)Surface statesNanoscale
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Mass measurement of cooled neutron-deficient bismuth projectile fragments with time-resolved Schottky mass spectrometry at the FRS-ESR facility

2005

Masses of 582 neutron-deficient nuclides ($30\leq{Z}\leq{85}$) were measured with time-resolved Schottky mass spectrometry at the FRS-ESR facility at GSI, 117 were used for calibration. The masses of 71 nuclides were obtained for the first time. A typical mass accuracy of 30 $\mu$u was achieved. These data have entered the latest atomic mass evaluation. The mass determination of about 140 additional nuclides was possible via known energies ($Q$-values) of $\alpha-$, $\beta-$, or proton decays. The obtained results are compared with the results of other measurements.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsA=79–207ProtonAtomic massesNuclear Theorychemistry.chemical_element[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Mass spectrometry01 natural sciences7. Clean energyBismuthmassesNuclear physicsZ=30–850103 physical sciencesNeutronNuclide010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsTime-resolved Schottky mass spectrometrySchottky diodeAtomic massMasschemistrymeasured
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Development of a liquid Pb-Bi target for high-power ISOL facilities

2016

Abstract This paper describes some R&D activities conducted in support of the design and safe operation of a high-power liquid Pb-Bi target within the LIEBE (Liquid Eutectic Lead Bismuth Loop Target for EURISOL) project. The target material is lead bismuth eutectic (LBE) which also acts as a primary coolant. As a consequence of interaction of the highly pulsed 1.4-GeV protons at ISOLDE with the target, heat powers of the order of 2 GW would be instantaneously deposited in the target during a bunch. Considerable R&D effort is thus required to demonstrate its continued coolability and structural integrity. This paper mainly reports on the conjugate flow (CFD) and heat deposition (Monte Carlo)…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsLiquid metalMaterials science010308 nuclear & particles physicsLead-bismuth eutecticNuclear engineeringMonte Carlo methodRadiochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementFluid mechanics01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasBismuthCoolantchemistry0103 physical sciencesDeposition (phase transition)InstrumentationEutectic systemNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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The nuclear magnetic moment of 208Bi and its relevance for a test of bound-state strong-field QED

2018

Physics letters / B 779, 324 - 330 (2018). doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2018.02.024

Nuclear and High Energy Physicschemistry.chemical_elementHyperfine anomaly53001 natural sciencesBismuth0103 physical sciencesBound stateNuclear Physics - Experimentddc:530Physics::Atomic PhysicsLaser spectroscopy010306 general physicsSpectroscopyHyperfine structureQuantum electrodynamicsPhysicsSpecific difference010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear structurelcsh:QC1-999chemistryNuclear magnetic momentNuclear magnetic momentPräzisionsexperimente - Abteilung BlaumAtomic physicsAnomaly (physics)Bismuthlcsh:PhysicsOrder of magnitudePhysics Letters B
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The πd scattering length from Kα X-rays

1974

Abstract X-rays from the K α transition (2P → 1S) of the π − d mesic atom have been observed. Their energy, 2592.8 −2.0 +1.6 , has been measured by the critical absorber technique, using the M V absorption edge in bismuth. The strong interaction shift in the 1S state is −4.8 eV, corresponding to a scattering length a ( π d) = −(0.052 −0.017 +0.022 ) m π −1 , in agreement with recent calculations. The intensity ratio K α /K total = 0.548 ± 0.015.

Nuclear reactionPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsAbsorption edgechemistryAtomStrong interactionchemistry.chemical_elementScattering lengthAtomic physicsIntensity ratioSpectral lineBismuthPhysics Letters B
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Optimization of Data Harvesters Deployment in an Urban Areas for an Emergency Scenario

2013

International audience; Since its appearance in the VANETs research community, data collection where vehicles have to explore an area and collect various local data, brings various issues and challenges. Some architectures were proposed to meet data collection requirements. They can be classified into two categories: Decentralized and Centralized self-organizing where different components and techniques are used depending on the application type. In this paper, we treat time-constrained applications in the context of search and rescue missions. For this reason, we propose a centralized architecture where a central unit plans and manages a set of vehicles namely harvesters to get a clear ove…

OptimizationMathematical optimizationVANETOperations researchComputer scienceHeuristic (computer science)[SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics]Search and Rescue050801 communication & media studies02 engineering and technologyTopology[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]0508 media and communications11. Sustainability0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringHeuristic algorithmsLocal search (optimization)Greedy algorithmMetaheuristicHarvestersGreedy randomized adaptive search procedureIncremental heuristic searchbusiness.industryData Collection05 social sciencesVehicles020206 networking & telecommunicationsRoadsEmergencyBeam searchbusinessBismuthVariable neighborhood search
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Crystal structure of a novel bismuth phthalocyanine-bismuth iodide complex

1999

Abstract A new phthalocyaninato complex of bismuth with formula [(BiPc) 4 (Bi 4 I 16 )] was obtained in the reaction of bismuth with 1,2-dicyanobenzene in iodine vapour. The crystal and molecular structure of the complex was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The unit cell consists of four discrete (BiPc) + cations and (Bi 4 I 16 ) 4− anions. The (Bi 4 I 16 ) 4− complex anion is formed by four edge-sharing BiI 6 octahedra. The arrangement of molecules in the crystalline structure of the complex is mainly determined by ionic attraction between the (BiPc) + and (Bi 4 I 16 ) 4− moieties, i.e. each (Bi 4 I 16 ) 4− complex anion is encapsulated between four (BiPc) + cations. The str…

Organic ChemistryIonic bondingchemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structureAnalytical ChemistryBismuthInorganic ChemistryCrystalchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryOctahedronPhthalocyanineMoleculeSingle crystalSpectroscopyJournal of Molecular Structure
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A multicommutated flow system for determination of bismuth in milk shakes by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry incorporating on-lin…

2004

Abstract A highly sensitive method was developed for determination of bismuth in milk shakes by multicommutation hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS) based on off-line sonication for 10 min with aqua regia 8% (v/v) and on-line waste treatment. The instrumentation and chemistry variables were studied in order to provide the best performance. The limit of detection in the original samples, established for a probability level of 99.6% (k = 3), was 1.67 ng/g Bi. The method provides a fast alternative in control analysis with a sampling throughput of 72 h as compared with 31 h obtained by the classical continuous measurement. Additionally, multicommutation reduces waste g…

PharmacologyDetection limitChromatographyHydrideSpectrophotometry AtomicAnalytical chemistryFluorescence spectrometrychemistry.chemical_elementShakeAnalytical ChemistryBismuthWaste treatmentchemistry.chemical_compoundMilkSpectrometry FluorescencechemistryEnvironmental ChemistryAqua regiaAnimalsCattleMicrowavesAgronomy and Crop ScienceEffluentBismuthFood Science
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