Search results for "Blockchain"
showing 10 items of 100 documents
A Survey on Technologies Which Make Bitcoin Greener or More Justified
2022
According to recent estimates, one bitcoin transaction consumes as much energy as 1.5 million Visa transactions. Why is bitcoin using so much energy? Most of the energy is used during the bitcoin mining process, which serves at least two significant purposes: a) distributing new cryptocurrency coins to the cryptoeconomy and b) securing the Bitcoin blockchain ledger. In reality, the comparison of bitcoin transactions to Visa transactions is not that simple. The amount of transactions in the Bitcoin network is not directly connected to the amount of bitcoin mining power nor the energy consumption of those mining devices; for example, it is possible to multiply the number of bitcoin transactio…
UML Artefacts for a Blockchain-enabled Platform for Fairtrade
2021
Fairtrade-certified products have successfully entered the mainstream distribution channels mostly in developed countries, and these products are now sold in famous supermarket chains. Nonetheless, the packaging and labeling of products as “Fairtrade” commands premium pricing in the marketplace. How much of this, however, is valid and justified? Despite the reputable certification mechanisms for quality assurance, mass media reports suggest that much of the “surplus value” goes to the accreditation agencies themselves instead of the producers. This article proposes an agenda to set this right with a blockchain platform that provides “trust-free” assurances of verifiable labeling. Using an A…
Bitcoinin historiallinen kehitys vuosina 2008-2018
2018
Kryptovaluutta Bitcoinista on kasvanut sen kymmenvuotisen historiansa aikana merkittävä vaihtoehtoisvaluutta, joka on saanut aikaan valtavan, globaalin ilmiön. Ihmiset, yritykset eivätkä yhteiskunnat kuitenkaan ymmärrä Bitcoinin historiaa, tarkoitusta saati teknologiaa, mikä johtaa monenlaisiin väärinkäsityksiin tästä virtuaalivaluutasta. Tässä kirjallisuuskatsauksena toteutetussa kandidaatintutkielmassa tarkasteltiin kryptovaluutta Bitcoinin historiallista kehitystä sen alkuvuodesta 2008 vuoteen 2018 asti. Historian tunteminen on tärkeää, kun pyritään ymmärtä-mään nykypäivää. Tutkielmassa pystyttiin käymään läpi Bitcoinin koko histo-ria aivan sen alkuvuosista asti, koska Bitcoinin ensiaske…
Contributo per una visione contemporanea dell’azienda agricola: tra sostenibilità e sfide del mondo digitale
2023
Le sfide che l’umanità sta affrontando e da cui dipende la sopravvivenza del pianeta, il diffondersi nell’ambito dell’attività agricola di tecnologie digitali sempre più avanzate e la necessità di adottare un approccio sostenibile che preservi le risorse a tutela delle generazioni future hanno condotto l’azienda agricola a cambiare gradualmente volto. Questo libro mira a contribuire a un’aggiornata riflessione sul ruolo dell’imprenditore agricolo e dell’azienda da lui condotta, osservandone l’organizzazione e composizione alla luce delle regole che oggi la disciplinano e guardando alle innovazioni necessarie a garantire il raggiungimento dei pressanti obiettivi climatici e ambientali verso …
Consequences of applying new technologies to sources of law (overview)
2020
Technological change has a very significant impact on the functioning of a lawyer. It is not only an advocate, judge, adviser or notary public with a law, but also specialized software in which the law is incorporated. The quality of this software, safety but also the certainty of its correctness is very important for legal certainty and functioning of lawyers. Modern law is not only the text of legal acts or contracts but also IT codes in which the law is incorporated (for example, smart contract). The law is controlled by the courts. The question arises as to who will control the codes in which the law is written. In the EU, only a few countries have recognised this problem when creating …
Influencia algorítmica e inmutabilidad de los Smart Contacts: ¿cómo impactan estas tecnologías en la asimetría contractual?
2022
En el presente trabajo nos proponenos analizar el impacto de dos tecnologías de la Cuarta Revolución Industrial en el Derecho de los Contratos, con un marcado enfoque en los sujetos vulnerables del contrato. La primera de ellas es la “inteligencia artificial” que tiene un rol preponderante al momento de la formación, celebración y análisis del contrato. Aquí nos preguntamos cómo impactan los algoritmos en la toma de decisiones, para lo cual, haremos un paso por las neurociencias. La segunda tecnología a abordar, es la denominada blockchain que se emplea en los Smart Contracts (contratos inteligentes). El eje del análisis radicará en una de sus más destacadas características: la inmutabilida…
An Efficient and Privacy-Preserving Blockchain-Based Authentication Scheme for Low Earth Orbit Satellite Assisted Internet of Things
2022
Recently, integrating satellite networks (e.g. Low-earth-orbit satellite constellation) into the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem has emerged as a potential paradigm to provide more reliable, ubiquitous and seamless network services. The LEO satellite networks serves as a key enabler to transform the connectivity across industries and geographical border. Despite the convenience brought from the LEO satellite networks, it arises security concerns, in which the essential one is to secure the communication between the IoT devices and the LEO satellite network. However, some challenges inheriting from the LEO satellite networks need to be considered : 1) the dynamic topology; 2) the resource…
Aggregation and remuneration in Demand-Response with a blockchain-based framework
2020
This paper describes the possibility to use the blockchain technology for load and generation aggregation in a new distributed Demand Response (DR) service and customers remuneration system. The blockchain technology and the use of smart contracts for DR allow the creation of a distributed system in which customers can communicate directly, in a transparent, secure and traceable way, with the grid operator to provide their flexibility. In this paper, the DR problem formulation takes into account several aspects, which are periodically executed. First, the blockchain records customers’ energy consumption or production, then, the smart contract starts calculating the baseline and the potentia…
Incentive Mechanism for Edge Computing-Based Blockchain: A Sequential Game Approach
2022
The development of the blockchain framework is able to provide feasible solutions for a wide range of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications. While the IIoT devices are usually resource-limited, how to make sure the acquisition of computational resources and participation of the devices will be the driving force to realize blockchain. In this work, an edge computing-based blockchain framework is considered, where multiple edge service providers (ESPs) can provide computational resources to the IIoT devices. We focus on investigating the trading between the devices and ESPs, where ESPs are the sellers and devices are the buyers. A sequential game is formulated and by exploring the…
Fundamentos regulatorios de los emisores y proveedores de servicios con criptoactivos
2023
En esta tesis estudiamos la regulación de los criptoactivos y de los agentes económicos que los incorporan en sus procesos de negocio. Esto lo efectuamos principalmente desde la perspectiva de sus fundamentos regulatorios. En esa línea, presentamos en la primera parte un análisis jurídico de los orígenes de las tecnologías de registro distribuido, el blockchain y los primeros criptoactivos: las monedas virtuales o criptomonedas, pues de sus fundamentos seminales extraemos importantes reflexiones para la respuesta jurídica que se despliega sobre ellos. Luego, efectuamos una aproximación a la teoría de la regulación económica, específicamente a la regulación sectorial financiera, pues es dent…