Search results for "Blood Pressure"

AB0691 INCREASED CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN MIXED CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASE: EVALUATION OF MACROVASCULAR INVOLVEMENT AND ITS PREDICTORS BY AORTIC PULSE W…

2019

Background: Macrovascular involvement and cardiovascular (CV) risk have not been sufficiently studied in patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). In particular, the gold standard assessment method of aortic stiffness carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) (1) has never been evaluated in patients with this disease. Objectives: Aims of the present study were to examine cfPWV in MCTD and to evaluate its associations with MCTD associated parameters and traditional CV risk factors. Methods: cfPWV measurements were performed in 43 MCTD patients and 107 healthy controls. The difference between cfPWV in the two groups was statistically examined and subsequently controlled for the …

2018

Importance Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States, but regional variation within the United States is large. Comparable and consistent state-level measures of total CVD burden and risk factors have not been produced previously. Objective To quantify and describe levels and trends of lost health due to CVD within the United States from 1990 to 2016 as well as risk factors driving these changes. Design, Setting, and Participants Using the Global Burden of Disease methodology, cardiovascular disease mortality, nonfatal health outcomes, and associated risk factors were analyzed by age group, sex, and year from 1990 to 2016 for all residents in the United…

Cardiovascular health in former elite male athletes

2015

To increase our knowledge on the effects of previous and current physical activity on cardiovascular health, we studied a group of Finnish male former elite athletes (endurance, n = 49; power, n = 50) and their 49 age and area-matched controls, aged 64–89 years. Body mass index (BMI), fasting serum glucose, lipids, blood pressure, and ultrasonography of cardiac and carotid artery structure and function were measured. Former endurance athletes smoked less, had lower prevalence of hypertension, and had higher intensity and volume of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) than the controls. No difference was detected in cardiac or carotid artery structure and function between these groups. Form…

Current and birth weights exert independent influences on nocturnal pressure-natriuresis relationships in normotensive children

1998

The objective was to study the impact of birth weight on the relationship between ambulatory blood pressure and urinary sodium excretion in children and adolescents. The study included 134 healthy children (61 boys), all Caucasians, who were born at term after a normotensive pregnancy. For each subject, a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and a complete urine collection were simultaneously performed according to the protocols designed. Average ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and the urinary excretion rates for sodium, potassium, and creatinine were calculated separately for 24-hour, awake, and sleep periods defined by a mini-diary. The excretion rate of sodium during sleep time wa…

Quantification of atelectatic lung volumes in two different porcine models of ARDS.

2006

BACKGROUND: Cyclic recruitment during mechanical ventilation contributes to ventilator associated lung injury. Two different pathomechanisms in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are currently discussed: alveolar collapse vs persistent flooding of small airways and alveoli. We compare two different ARDS animal models by computed tomography (CT) to describe different recruitment and derecruitment mechanisms at different airway pressures: (i) lavage-ARDS, favouring alveolar collapse by surfactant depletion; and (ii) oleic acid ARDS, favouring alveolar flooding by capillary leakage. METHODS: In 12 pigs [25 (1) kg], ARDS was randomly induced, either by saline lung lavage or oleic acid (…

Hypotensive Hemostasis in Patients Presenting with Ruptured Aortic Aneurysm

2017

Hypotensive hemostasis in aortic rupture has been showed to be feasible and advantageous, especially in trauma patients. To date, there are no randomized studies on hypotensive hemostasis in patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA), but observational studies indicate similar advantages when hypotensive hemostasis is used for endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) as in trauma patients. Actually, in EVAR for rAAA, a target systolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or even lower is considered safe in conscious patients. Fluids should be administrated judiciously with the sole aim of maintaining adequate cardiac output and tissue oxygenation, whereas vasoactive pressors or dilatators may …

Standalone sauna vs exercise followed by sauna on cardiovascular function in non‐naïve sauna users: A comparison of acute effects

2021

Background and aimsSauna bathing and aerobic exercise have each been shown to affect cardiovascular function. However, direct comparisons between standalone sauna bathing and a combination of exercise and sauna on vascular indices remain limited. Therefore, we conducted a cross-over study using matched durations to explore the hemodynamic changes of sauna exposure when compared to a combination of aerobic exercise and sauna exposure.MethodsParticipants (N = 72) with at least one cardiovascular risk factor underwent, on two separate occasions: (a) a 30-minute sauna at 75°C (SAUNA) and (b) the combination of a 15-minute cycling exercise at 75% maximum heart rate followed by 15-minute sauna ex…

Role of microglia in blood pressure and respiratory responses to acute hypoxic exposure in rats

2021

AbstractMicroglia modulate cardiorespiratory activities during chronic hypoxia. It has not been clarified whether microglia are involved in the cardiorespiratory responses to acute hypoxia. Here we investigated this issue by comparing cardiorespiratory responses to two levels of acute hypoxia (13% O2 for 4 min and 7% O2 for 5 min) in conscious unrestrained rats before and after systemic injection of minocycline (MINO), an inhibitor of microglia activation. MINO increased blood pressure but not lung ventilation in the control normoxic condition. Acute hypoxia stimulated cardiorespiratory responses in MINO-untreated rats. MINO failed to significantly affect the magnitude of hypoxia-induced bl…

The Small Size and Superficial Location Suggest That Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy Is the First Choice for the Treatment of Juxtaglomerular Cell T…

2021

BackgroundJuxtaglomerular cell tumor (JGCT) is a very rare disease, and surgical resection is the only possible way to cure this tumor. Open nephrectomy and partial nephrectomy have been reported to manage JGCTs with excellent results in the previous reviews. Laparoscopic surgery has been popularized in recent years, while critical issues associated with laparoscopic surgical management have been seldom reported. We summarized the JGCTs in our center to discover the optimal surgical management and its anatomic foundation.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we enrolled a total of 14 JGCT patients. All patients received surgeries and were followed up for up to 11 years. We mainly summarized t…

The Effect of Tyramine, Noradrenaline, and Angiotensin on the Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients with Aldosteronism and Low Plasma Renin

1970

The reactivity to the pressor action of tyramine, noradrenaline, and angiotensin was determined in 9 patients with hypertension, aldosteronism and low plasma renin concentration (4 patients with solitary adrenal adenomas, 3 patients with nodular adrenal hyperplasia, 2 patients with unknown adrenal status). In 7 patients tests were repeated following unilateral or subtotal adrenalectomy respectively. For comparison, 5 patients with phaeochromocytoma, 10 patients with benign essential hypertension, and 12 normotensive control subjects were studied. — In the hypertensive patients with aldosteronism and low plasma renin, responsiveness to tyramine was significantly reduced. In contrast, pressor…