Search results for "Blood pressure."
showing 10 items of 1248 documents
Volume flow in the common carotid artery does not decrease postprandially.
2003
Background and Purpose. A commonplace explanation for postprandial fatigue is the assumption of the redistribution of perfusion from the cerebral to the mesenterial territory. However, this assumption has never been scientifically proven. Methods. Because approximately 70% of the blood flow in the common carotid artery (CCA) is directed to the internal carotid artery, this vessel can be seen as a major brain-supplying artery. Flow volume in the CCA can be measured by color M-mode duplex sonography. The authors investigated the flow volume rate in 20 healthy volunteers before and after the intake of a high-energy meal. Heart rate, blood pressure, and expiratory CO2 were also measured at both…
Retinal vessel analysis and heart rate variability
2014
Heart rate variability (HRV) is used to index the vegetative nervous system and is linked with cardiovascular and nervous diseases [1]. Funduscopic assessment of the retinal vasculature can be utilized to evaluate the health status of microcirculation and to assess the predisposition of major vascular diseases [2]. The purpose of this study was, for the first time, to examine the influence of HRV on microcirculation as an early marker of cardiovascular alteration. The study population was comprised of apparently healthy employees of a high-tech company in Germany. The participants spanned the entire age of the work force (18–65 years) and all levels of socioeconomic status. A total of 292 s…
The novel combination of theophylline and bambuterol as a potential treatment of hypoxemia in humans.
2017
Hypoxemia can be life-threatening, both acutely and chronically. Because hypoxemia causes vascular dysregulation that further restricts oxygen availability to tissue, it can be pharmacologically addressed. We hypothesized that theophylline can be safely combined with the β2-adrenergic vasodilator bambuterol to improve oxygen availability in hypoxemic patients. Ergogenicity and hemodynamic effects of bambuterol and theophylline were measured in rats under hypobaric and normobaric hypoxia (12% O2). Feasibility in humans was assessed using randomized, double-blind testing of the influence of combined slow-release theophylline (300 mg) and bambuterol (20 mg) on adverse events (AEs), plasma K+,…
Atenolol interaction with aspirin, allopurinol, and ampicillin.
1983
Atenolol kinetics were investigated in six healthy subjects after 100 mg orally, as monotherapy a 6-day treatment began 48 hr later. After a therapy-free interval of 4 wk, the same subjects received the same dose of atenolol with 1 gm ampicillin, 500 mg aspirin, and with 300 mg allopurinol. Allopurinol and aspirin did not substantially alter the kinetics of atenolol. After a single oral dose of 100 mg atenolol combined with 1 gm ampicillin, the bioavailability of atenolol was reduced to 36 +/- 5% compared to 60 +/- 8% after monotherapy. During long-term treatment with atenolol and ampicillin the bioavailability of atenolol fell to 24% (P less than 0.01). Mean peak plasma levels were lowered…
Causal attribution and psychobiological response to competition in young men.
2016
Abstract A contribution to a special issue on Hormones and Human Competition. Psychoneuroendocrine effects of competition have been widely accepted as a clear example of the relationship between androgens and aggressive/dominant behavior in humans. However, results about the effects of competitive outcomes are quite heterogeneous, suggesting that personal and contextual factors play a moderating role in this relationship. To further explore these dimensions, we aimed to examine (i) the effect of competition and its outcome on the psychobiological response to a laboratory competition in young men, and (ii) the moderating role of some cognitive dimensions such as causal attributions. To do so…
Sex differences in autonomic response and situational appraisal of a competitive situation in young adults.
2017
Competition is a social stressor capable of eliciting physiological responses modulated by the outcome. The main objective of this study was to analyze the psychophysiological changes associated with competition and its outcome in men and women, taking into account the role of situational appraisal. To this end, 112 young people (46 men and 66 women) participated in a laboratory task in a competitive or non-competitive condition, while Blood Pressure (BP), Heart Rate Variability (HRV), and Skin Conductance (SC) responses were measured. Our results indicate that competition elicits higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) than a non-competitive task; in addition, winners presented a greater R-R …
Lipid profile, cardiovascular disease and mortality in a Mediterranean high-risk population: The ESCARVAL-RISK study
2018
Introduction The potential impact of targeting different components of an adverse lipid profile in populations with multiple cardiovascular risk factors is not completely clear. This study aims to assess the association between different components of the standard lipid profile with all-cause mortality and hospitalization due to cardiovascular events in a high-risk population. Methods This prospective registry included high risk adults over 30 years old free of cardiovascular disease (2008–2012). Diagnosis of hypertension, dyslipidemia or diabetes mellitus was inclusion criterion. Lipid biomarkers were evaluated. Primary endpoints were all-cause mortality and hospital admission due to coron…
Evaluation of regional haemodynamics and alterations of vascular wall of the lower limbs in hypertensive subjects
1995
This study was designed to analyse the relationship between arterial hypertension and changes in arterial blood flow and vascular wall damage of the lower limbs in hypertensive patients with various degrees of hypertension. Six hundred and fifty-four hypertensive patients (421 males and 233 females) aged 35 to 70 years and 88 healthy subjects (63 males and 25 females) aged 39 to 60 years were studied. Strain-gauge plethysmography of the lower limbs was used to calculate arterial calf blood flow (RF), arterial calf blood flow after post-ischaemic hyperaemia (PF), basal and minimal vascular resistances (BVR and MVR), time to reach peak flow (tPF), time until 50% reduction of peak flow (tT1/2)…
Automatic algorithm for monitoring systolic pressure variation and difference in pulse pressure.
2009
BACKGROUND: Difference in pulse pressure (dPP) reliably predicts fluid responsiveness in patients. We have developed a respiratory variation (RV) monitoring device (RV monitor), which continuously records both airway pressure and arterial blood pressure (ABP). We compared the RV monitor measurements with manual dPP measurements. METHODS: ABP and airway pressure (PAW) from 24 patients were recorded. Data were fed to the RV monitor to calculate dPP and systolic pressure variation in two different ways: (a) considering both ABP and PAW (RV algorithm) and (b) ABP only (RV(slim) algorithm). Additionally, ABP and PAW were recorded intraoperatively in 10-min intervals for later calculation of dPP …
Causal transfer function analysis to describe closed loop interactions between cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory variability signals
2004
Although the concept of transfer function is intrinsically related to an input-output relationship, the traditional and widely used estimation method merges both feedback and feedforward interactions between the two analyzed signals. This limitation may endanger the reliability of transfer function analysis in biological systems characterized by closed loop interactions. In this study, a method for estimating the transfer function between closed loop interacting signals was proposed and validated in the field of cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory variability. The two analyzed signals x and y were described by a bivariate autoregressive model, and the causal transfer function from x to y w…