Search results for "Bog"
showing 10 items of 148 documents
Complex-forming properties of peat humic acids from a raised bog profiles
2013
Abstract Humic substances (HS) belong to the most powerful complex-forming agents, significantly affecting major and trace element speciation in natural environment. Several authors have focused on humic–metal interactions, using differing methods and comparing humic substances on different sources. However, the intrinsic differences among the HS of different origin and the impact of humification degree on the complex formation between humic substances and metals have not received the necessary attention until now. The aim of this study is to determine the Cu(II) complexing capacity and stability constants of Cu(II) complexes of humic acids (HA) isolated from two well-characterized raised b…
Parasitoids (Hymenoptera) of leaf-spinning moths (Lepidoptera) feeding on Vaccinium uliginosum L. along an ecological gradient in central European pe…
2011
Parasitoids of leaf-spinning Lepidoptera associated with two isolated central European peat bogs were investigated. Five families of parasitoid Hymenoptera (Braconidae, lchneumonidae, Eulophidae, Pteromalidae and Encyrtidae) were recorded. Three categories were recognised: (1) primary parasitoids, (2) facultative hyperparasitoids and (3) obligatory hyperparasitoids. Ten species of Braconidae, five species and seven marked morphospecies among lchneumonidae, and three species of Chalcidoidea were identified. Despite of some niche-specific (but less host-specific) parasitoids, all these hymenopterans are likely to be generalists and none of them were confirmed to be habitat and/or host special…
Rapid recovery of invertebrate communities after ecological restoration of boreal mires
2015
Mire degradation due to drainage for forestry results in the loss of mire specialist species. To halt the loss in biodiversity, ecological restoration is needed and already implemented. However, a major challenge in ecological restoration is whether actions taken have the desired outcome. Key abiotic and biotic conditions for the successful restoration of invertebrate communities can be identified by testing the “Field of Dreams” hypothesis, which postulates that if a habitat is successfully restored, species will return. This study was conducted in nine boreal mires located in Eastern Finland, 1–3 years after restoration. Parts of each mire were drained for forestry during the 1960s and 19…
Ecological variation between marginal and central populations of Potamogeton polygonifolius, a rare and endangered species in Central Europe
2012
Abstract The present study is focused on Potamogeton polygonifolius – the species considered to be endangered in Germany, the Czech Republic, Poland and Switzerland. Field studies were carried out in Lower Silesia and Lusatia in southwestern Poland in order to verify the present state of the marginal populations of P. polygonifolius, to determine the habitat preferences of the species in the study area, to compare the ecological data between marginal and central populations and finally to recognise the factors constraining the easternmost limit of the P. polygonifolius. In total, 18 populations were examined, and 11 releves were collected. The releves gathered were compared with 95 releves …
Reconstruction of the Holocene palaeoenvironmental conditions accordingly to the multiproxy sedimentary records from Lake Pilvelis, Latvia
2015
Abstract Reconstruction of the Holocene palaeoenvironment conditions in Southeastern Latvia is based on multiproxy records from Lake Pilvelis: pollen, plant macrofossil and microfossil analysis; loss-on-ignition (LOI) measurements; 14 C dating; humic substances content; humification index; and elemental composition of gyttja organic mass. The data complex obtained in the result of multiproxy studies of sediments in Lake Pilvelis indicates significant changes in the depositional environment during the lake development. Data from Lake Pilvelis show that the start of organic-rich sediments formation before approximately 9750 cal BP, when birch–pine forest dominated in the surrounding landscape…
A study of major and trace element accumulation in humic acids
2015
It has been widely studied recent as well as historic accumulation of elements in peat profiles depending on intensity of anthropogenic pollution and thereby peat profiles serve as archives for research of environmental change. Peat ability to accumulate major and trace elements depends on the character of element supply, potency of metal ions to bind functionalities in the peat structure, pH reaction, oxygen presence, presence of complexing compounds, inorganic ions and many other factors. The aim of this study is to assign major and trace element distribution in humic acids (HA) for two well characterized ombrotrophic peat profiles of Eipurs and Dzelve Bog and analyse factors affecting el…
Drained organic soils under agriculture — The more degraded the soil the higher the specific basal respiration
2019
Abstract Drained peatlands are hotspots of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from agricultural soils. As a consequence of both drainage-induced mineralisation and anthropogenic mixing with mineral soils, large areas of former peatlands under agricultural use underwent a secondary transformation of the peat (e.g. formation of aggregates). These soils show contents of soil organic carbon (SOC) at the boundary between mineral and organic soils. However, the carbon (C) dynamics of such soils have rarely been studied so far. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the vulnerability of soil organic matter (SOM) to decomposition over the whole range of peat-derived soils under agriculture includ…
Peat stratigraphy and changes in peat formation during the Holocene in Latvia
2015
Mires represented by raised bogs, fens, and transitional mires cover approximately 10 % of Latvia. They started to form towards the end of the last glacial period and the beginning of the Holocene under varying geological and palaeoecological conditions. The aim of the study was to evaluate how the results of peat palaeobotanical investigation can reveal changes in the conditions of peat formation and allow a subdivision to be made of the Holocene according to the scheme suggested by the INTIMATE group (Walker et al. 2012). Records from 21 mires have been evaluated to find evidence of changes in mire vegetation and peat formation, and to discover whether these records define boundaries allo…
Fen peat in environmentally friendly technologies
2018
Abstract Using peat as an energy source is currently incompatible with Environmental Policy Strategy of Latvia and 2030 Climate and Energy Package of European Union. The European Commission is looking at cost-efficient ways to make European economy more climate-friendly and less energy consuming. Although, fen peat alongside raised bog peat is categorized as fossil fuel, it is not traditionally used as fuel or growth substrate or for any other significant purposes in reasonable amounts. Large areas of fens are neglected where fen peat is slowly mineralizing and emitting greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, that are ones of the main triggers for the Climate Change. Thus, to …
Limiting climatic factors and habitats ofErica tetralixat the eastern edge of its distribution range
2015
We determined the limiting climatic factors, as well as the preferred habitats, of Erica tetralix L. at the eastern limit of its distribution range in the eastern Baltic region. It was found that E. tetralix in this region is a typical bog woodland plant preferring the wettest Sphagnum-rich sites. Northern Atlantic wet heath fragments, base-rich fens and species-rich Nardus grasslands were other habitats for the species. The species composition in E. tetralix habitats resembled that found in appropriate habitats within its main distribution range, although the habitats in the eastern Baltic region lack many Atlantic floristic elements characteristic of wet heath. A generalised linear model …