Search results for "Bol"

showing 10 items of 18211 documents

Whistling is metabolically cheap for communicating bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)

2020

Toothed whales depend on sound for communication and foraging, making them potentially vulnerable to acoustic masking from increasing anthropogenic noise. Masking effects may be ameliorated by higher amplitudes or rates of calling, but such acoustic compensation mechanisms may incur energetic costs if sound production is expensive. The costs of whistling in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) have been reported to be much higher (20-50% of resting metabolic rate, RMR) than theoretical predictions (0.5-1% of RMR). Here we address this dichotomy by measuring the change in the resting O2 consumption rate (V̇O2), a proxy for RMR, in three post-absorptive bottlenose dolphins during whistlin…

0106 biological sciencesmedicine.medical_specialtyPhysiology030310 physiologyVocal modificationsForagingAquatic ScienceSound productionBiologyAudiology010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesAcoustic communication03 medical and health sciencesmedicineO2 consumptionMolecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsUnderwater noise0303 health sciencesRespiratory physiologyMetabolic costInsect ScienceSound productionBasal metabolic rateToothed whalesHydrophone arrayAnimal Science and ZoologyUnderwater noise
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Impact of a Plant Sterol- and Galactooligosaccharide-Enriched Beverage on Colonic Metabolism and Gut Microbiota Composition Using an In Vitro Dynamic…

2019

This document is he Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04796

0106 biological sciencesmedicine.medical_treatmentButyrateGut flora01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundShort-chain fatty acidsmedicineFood science16S rRNA gene sequencingchemistry.chemical_classificationSterol metabolitesbiologyChemistryGalactooligosaccharidePrebiotic010401 analytical chemistryLachnospiraceaeGeneral ChemistryMetabolismbiology.organism_classificationSterol0104 chemical sciencesDynamic colonic fermentationPropionateLactateGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciences010606 plant biology & botany
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Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 2

2016

In this contribution, new data concerning the Italian distribution of alien vascular flora are presented. It includes new records, exclusions and confirmations for Italy or for Italian administrative regions for taxa in the genera Ageratum, Aster, Buddleja, Cedrus, Centranthus, Cephalotaxus, Clerodendrum, Cotoneaster, Cyperus, Honorius, Lantana, Ligustrum, Morus, Muscari, Oenothera, Opuntia, Platycladus, Plumbago, Pseudotsuga, Sedum, Sporobolus, Stachys, Ulmus and Yucca. A nomen novum, Stachys talbotii, is proposed as a replacement name for Sideritis purpurea.

0106 biological sciencesnew combinationClerodendrumUlmusLantanaLigustrumAgeratum Aster Buddleja Cedrus Centranthus Cephalotaxus Clerodendrum Cotoneaster Cyperus Honorius Lantana Ligustrum Morus Muscari Oenothera Opuntia Platycladus Plumbago Pseudotsuga Sedum Sporobolus Stachys Ulmus YuccaZoologyAlienPlant ScienceAgeratumPlatycladusBiologyCentranthus010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesSedumCephalotaxusSporoboluslcsh:BotanyYuccaCyperusCedrusEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsAsterPlumbagoFloristic data ItalySettore BIO/02 - Botanica SistematicaHonoriusOpuntiaFloristic dataCotoneasterMuscariPseudotsugalcsh:QK1-989GeographyItalyOenotheraSettore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E ApplicataItalian FloraStachysMorusBuddleja010606 plant biology & botany
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Nitric oxide contributes to cadmium toxicity in Arabidopsis by promoting cadmium accumulation in roots and by up-regulating genes related to iron upt…

2009

Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) functions as a cell-signaling molecule in plants. In particular, a role for NO in the regulation of iron homeostasis and in the plant response to toxic metals has been proposed. Here, we investigated the synthesis and the role of NO in plants exposed to cadmium (Cd2+), a nonessential and toxic metal. We demonstrate that Cd2+ induces NO synthesis in roots and leaves of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings. This production, which is sensitive to NO synthase inhibitors, does not involve nitrate reductase and AtNOA1 but requires IRT1, encoding a major plasma membrane transporter for iron but also Cd2+. By analyzing the incidence of NO scavenging or inhibition …

0106 biological sciencesroots[ SDV.BV ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal BiologyPhysiologytoxic metalscadmiumNitrogen assimilationArabidopsischemistry.chemical_elementPlant ScienceNitrate reductase01 natural sciencesNitric oxide03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundArabidopsisGeneticsArabidopsis thaliana[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology030304 developmental biologyplasma membrane transporter2. Zero hunger0303 health sciencesCadmiumbiologyAtNOA1ACLNitric oxideMetabolismbiology.organism_classificationNitric oxide synthasechemistryBiochemistrybiology.proteiniron homeostasis010606 plant biology & botany
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Small pelagic fish in the new millennium: A bottom-up view of global research effort

2021

The present review is an outcome of discussions at the ICES-PICES Symposium on Drivers of Dynamics of Small Pelagic Fish convened in Victoria, B.C., Canada in spring 2017.-- This review is a first contribution of a new international Working Group on Small Pelagic Fish started jointly by ICES (WGSPF) and PICES (WG43) to continue world-wide collaboration to advance knowledge on the drivers of populations of SPF.

0106 biological sciencessprat sprattus-sprattus010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global ChangesPopulationnutrient-phytoplankton-zooplanktonAquatic Sciencehumboldt current system01 natural sciencesdaily egg-productionsea-surface temperatureMarine ecosystem14. Life underwatersardine sardinops-sagaxeducation0105 earth and related environmental sciencesTrophic levelAbiotic componenteducation.field_of_studyBiotic componentbiologyEcology010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyGeologyPelagic zonebiology.organism_classificationmenhaden brevoortia-tyrannusGeographyOceanographyherring clupea-harengusClupeidaeearly-life stages13. Climate action[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyVital ratesVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480anchovy engraulis-encrasicolus
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Allee effect in a manipulative parasite within poikilothermic host under temperature change

2022

AbstractTemperature and intraspecific competition are important factors influencing the growth of all organisms, including parasites. The temperature increase is suggested to stimulate the development of parasites within poikilothermic hosts. However, at high parasite densities, this effect could be diminished, due to stronger intraspecific competition. Our study, for the first time, addressed the joint effects of warming and parasite abundances on parasite growth in poikilothermic hosts. The growth of the common fish parasite larvae (trematode Diplostomum pseudospathaceum) within the rainbow trout at different infection intensities and temperatures (15°C and 18°C) was experimentally invest…

0106 biological sciencesthermal responsecrowding effectZoologyDiplostomum pseudospathaceumTrematode InfectionsBiology010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesHost-Parasite InteractionsFish Diseases03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesakeeye flukekirjolohiloisetmetacercariaeAnimalsParasite hostingParasitessize variationEcosystem030304 developmental biologyAllee effect0303 health sciencesHost (biology)imumadotTemperatureparasite growthpopulaatiodynamiikkaInfectious DiseasesPoikilotherminfection intensitiesOncorhynchus mykisssymbolslämpötilaAnimal Science and ZoologyParasitologyTrematodaympäristönmuutoksetParasitology
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Effect of Metal Complexation on the Conductance of Single-Molecular Wires Measured at Room Temperature

2014

The present work aims to give insight into the effect that metal coordination has on the room-temperature conductance of molecular wires. For that purpose, we have designed a family of rigid, highly conductive ligands functionalized with different terminations (acetylthiols, pyridines, and ethynyl groups), in which the conformational changes induced by metal coordination are negligible. The single-molecule conductance features of this series of molecular wires and their corresponding Cu(I) complexes have been measured in break-junction setups at room temperature. Experimental and theoretical data show that no matter the anchoring group, in all cases metal coordination leads to a shift towar…

02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysissymbols.namesakeMolecular wireColloid and Surface ChemistryComputational chemistryMolecular conductanceMolecular orbitalLigandChemistryFermi levelSingle-MoleculeConductanceFermi energyGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesChemical physicsConductancesymbolsDensity functional theoryConductance; Single-Molecule; Break JunctionsBreak Junctions0210 nano-technologyJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Impact loading history modulates hip fracture load and location : A finite element simulation study of the proximal femur in female athletes

2018

Sideways falls impose high stress on the thin superolateral cortical bone of the femoral neck, the region regarded as a fracture-prone region of the hip. Exercise training is a natural mode of mechanical loading to make bone more robust. Exercise-induced adaptation of cortical bone along the femoral neck has been previously demonstrated. However, it is unknown whether this adaption modulates hip fracture behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of specific exercise loading history on fall-induced hip fracture behavior by estimating fracture load and location with proximal femur finite element (FE) models created from magnetic resonance images (MRI) of 111 women w…

02 engineering and technologyFinite element simulationWeight-Bearing0302 clinical medicinemurtumatreisiluuOrthopedics and Sports MedicineFemurOrthodonticsHip fractureluustomedicine.diagnostic_testbiologyProximal femurexerciseRehabilitationfallingfemoral neckta3142lonkkamurtumatBiomechanical Phenomenamedicine.anatomical_structureFemalevahvistaminenAdultFinite Element Analysis0206 medical engineeringBiomedical EngineeringBiophysics030209 endocrinology & metabolismbone strengthYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesmedicineHumansFemoral neckHip Fracturesbusiness.industryAthletesMagnetic resonance imagingfinite element modelingmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classification020601 biomedical engineeringAthletesImpact loadingAccidental FallsCortical bonebusinesshuman activitiesJournal of Biomechanics
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Massively Parallel Huffman Decoding on GPUs

2018

Data compression is a fundamental building block in a wide range of applications. Besides its intended purpose to save valuable storage on hard disks, compression can be utilized to increase the effective bandwidth to attached storage as realized by state-of-the-art file systems. In the foreseeing future, on-the-fly compression and decompression will gain utmost importance for the processing of data-intensive applications such as streamed Deep Learning tasks or Next Generation Sequencing pipelines, which establishes the need for fast parallel implementations. Huffman coding is an integral part of a number of compression methods. However, efficient parallel implementation of Huffman decompre…

020203 distributed computingComputer sciencebusiness.industryDeep learning020206 networking & telecommunicationsData_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY02 engineering and technologyParallel computingHuffman codingsymbols.namesakeCUDATitan (supercomputer)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringsymbolsArtificial intelligencebusinessMassively parallelData compressionProceedings of the 47th International Conference on Parallel Processing
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A Sequential Game Approach for Computation-Offloading in an UAV Network

2017

International audience; Small drones are currently emerging as versatile nascent technology that can be used in exploration and surveillance missions. However, most of the underlying applications require very often complex and time-consuming calculations. Although, the limited resources available onboard the small drones, their mobility, the computation delays and energy consumption make the operation of these applications very challenging. Nevertheless, computation-offloading solutions provide feasible resolves to mitigate the issues facing these constrained devices. In this context, we address in this paper the problem of offloading highly intensive computation tasks, performed by a fleet…

020203 distributed computingSequential gameComputer scienceDistributed computingBase stations020206 networking & telecommunicationsContext (language use)Computational modelingServers02 engineering and technologyEnergy consumptionBase stationsymbols.namesake[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]Nash equilibriumServer0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringsymbolsOverhead (computing)Computation offloadingDelaysGamesDrones
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