Search results for "Braille"
showing 5 items of 5 documents
Cortical plasticity associated with Braille learning
1998
Blind subjects who learn to read Braille must acquire the ability to extract spatial information from subtle tactile stimuli. In order to accomplish this, neuroplastic changes appear to take place. During Braille learning, the sensorimotor cortical area devoted to the representation of the reading finger enlarges. This enlargement follows a two-step process that can be demonstrated with transcranial magnetic stimulation mapping and suggests initial unmasking of existing connections and eventual establishment of more stable structural changes. In addition, Braille learning appears to be associated with the recruitment of parts of the occipital, formerly `visual', cortex (V1 and V2) for tacti…
Why braille reading is important and how to study it /Por qué es importante la lectura en braille y cómo estudiarla
2016
AbstractDespite its relevance in theoretical and practical terms, braille reading has received little attention from researchers. Awareness of the pros and cons of the different procedures used to examine braille reading is needed to facilitate the realization of systematic studies and to improve teaching methods in braille reading. This study provides a critical examination of braille reading methods and highlights key points for future studies on tactile reading.
Letter Position Coding Across Modalities: The Case of Braille Readers
2012
BackgroundThe question of how the brain encodes letter position in written words has attracted increasing attention in recent years. A number of models have recently been proposed to accommodate the fact that transposed-letter stimuli like jugde or caniso are perceptually very close to their base words.MethodologyHere we examined how letter position coding is attained in the tactile modality via Braille reading. The idea is that Braille word recognition may provide more serial processing than the visual modality, and this may produce differences in the input coding schemes employed to encode letters in written words. To that end, we conducted a lexical decision experiment with adult Braille…
Synthèse et formulation de résines photopolymérisables issues de la biomasse : application pour l'impression Braille
2014
The work of the PhD deals with the synthesis of polymerizable monomers derived from biomass, the study of their photopolymerization and the characterization of the resulting materials. The formulated monomers were tested in a printing method of Braille characters.The monomers were prepared in a two-steps reaction that is simple, economic and environmentally friendly. The first step comprised a reaction between glycerol derivatives (glycerol carbonate or glycidol) and fatty acids. In the second step, the obtained [alpha]-monoglycerides were functionalized to obtain photopolymerizable monomers. The different obtained monomers that bear (meth)acrylate and/or epoxy groups were photopolymerized …
Neuroplasticity in the Adjustment to Blindness
1999
Loss of vision due to injury to the eyes results in deafferentation of very large areas of the human cortex and poses striking demands on other sensory systems to adjust to blindness in a society that heavily relies on vision. Blind subjects need to extract crucial spatial information from touch and hearing. To accomplish this, plastic trans-modal changes appear to take place by which a larger area of the sensorimotor cortex is devoted to the representation of the reading finger in Braille readers, and parts of the former visual cortex are recruited for the processing of tactile and auditory information.