Search results for "Brainstem"
showing 10 items of 111 documents
Basal ganglia calcifications and ALS syndrome.
1994
We report the case of a patient with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism and unusually large symmetrical calcifications in the basal ganglia, thalami, cerebellar hemispheres and brainstem, who clinically presented an ALS-like syndrome. We discuss the possible role of abnormal calcium metabolism in the pathogenesis of motoneuron disease.
E-ABR in Patients with Cochlear Implant: A Comparison between Patients with Malformed Cochlea and Normal Cochlea
2019
Objectives This study aims to compare the electrical auditory brainstem response (EABR) following cochlear implant (CI) surgery in pediatric subjects with cochlear malformation and a normal cochlea, in order to assess the sensitivity of EABR and to evaluate the surgery outcome. Materials and methods A total of 26 pediatric subjects who were deaf and scheduled for CI surgery were enrolled into this case control study. Group A (n=20) included subjects with a normo-conformed cochlea. Group B (n=6) included subjects with cochlear malformation. Subjects were evaluated with EABR immediately (T0) and 6 months (T1) post-CI surgery. The EABR Waves III and V average amplitude and latency were compare…
Somatosensory evoked potentials after posterior tibial nerve stimulation — normative data in children
2000
We report normative data of somatosensory evoked potentials to posterior tibial nerve stimulation from 47 children 4–15 years of age. We recorded near-field potentials from the peripheral nerve, the cauda equina, the lumbar spinal cord and the somatosensory cortex. Far-field potentials were recorded from the scalp electrodes with a reference at Erb's point and on the earlobe. The near-field potentials N8 (peripheral nerve) and P40 (cortex) were present in all children. N20 (near-field from the cauda equina) was recorded in 38 subjects. N22 (near-field from the lumbar spinal cord), P30 and N37 ( both farfield waveforms probably generated in the brainstem) were recorded in 46 subjects each. T…
Landmarks for vertebral artery repositioning in bulbar compression syndrome: anatomic and microsurgical nuances
2004
Abstract OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to better elucidate the anatomic relationship between the vertebral artery (VA) along with its perforating vessels and the brainstem to develop anatomic guidelines that would be helpful when decompressing medulla oblongata compressed by the VA. METHODS: Microanatomy dissection was performed in six formalin-fixed cadaveric heads. The VA, posteroinferior cerebellar artery (PICA), anteroinferior cerebellar artery (AICA), and lower brainstem perforators were examined under magnification using a surgical microscope. The outer diameters of the VA, PICA, and AICA were measured. The distance between the VA, lying within the lateral cerebellomedullar…
A human post-mortem brain model for the standardization of multi-centre MRI studies
2015
Multi-centre MRI studies of the brain are essential for enrolling large and diverse patient cohorts, as required for the investigation of heterogeneous neurological and psychiatric diseases. However, the multi-site comparison of standard MRI data sets that are weighted with respect to tissue parameters such as the relaxation times (T1, T2) and proton density (PD) may be problematic, as signal intensities and image contrasts depend on site-specific details such as the sequences used, imaging parameters, and sensitivity profiles of the radiofrequency (RF) coils. Water or gel phantoms are frequently used for long-term and/or inter-site quality assessment. However, these phantoms hardly mimic t…
How a Fish’s Brain May Move a Fish’s Body
1990
The brainstem of the electric fish Eigenmannia virescens contains a small number of neural networks projecting directly onto the motoneuron pools of the spinal cord such that each segment is reached by at least one neuron of all the networks. Quantitative data of movement patterns, recorded from freely moving animals as well as elicited by electrical stimulation of the single networks, suggest that each network contains a full program for a particular movement, e. g. bending of the body axis to one side. By virtue of the structural relationship the programs are executable with a small number of segments. Mixing of small pieces of programs along the body axis allows for a far larger variety …
Localization of neuroglobin protein in the mouse brain.
2003
Neuroglobin is a recently discovered vertebrate oxygen-binding respiratory protein. In situ hybridization data demonstrated that neuroglobin-mRNA is widely expressed in neuronal cells of the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as in endocrine cells. The present study was conducted to investigate the presence of neuroglobin protein in neurons of the mouse brain. A polyclonal antibody directed against a synthetic peptide of neuroglobin was raised in rabbits and affinity-purified. The specificity of the antibody was demonstrated by ELISA and preabsorption tests. We report here for the first time that neuroglobin is expressed on the protein level in many brain sites including cerebra…
Neurophysiological and radiological findings in myotonic dystrophy patients
1999
Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) were recorded in 10 patients with myotonic dystrophy and in 20 sex and age-matched healthy controls. In all patients a brain MRI examination was also performed. In our results, the significantly longer absolute peak latencies of the SEPs and the abnormal increasing of the later components of the BAEPs suggest an involvement of the afferent sensory and central auditory pathways. Brain MRI showed white matter hyperintense lesions (WMHL) in eight patients (80%). No correlations were found between individual abnormal electrophysiological parameters or severity of WMHL and age, age at onset, disease duration …