Search results for "Breed"

showing 10 items of 697 documents

Deploying Genome Editing Tools for Dissecting the Biology of Nut Trees

2019

Walnuts are among the most important nut crops grown in temperate regions of the world. Commercial production in California, and increasingly worldwide, relies on only few clonally grafted scion genotypes, particularly “Chandler,” and more recently clonally propagated disease-resistant rootstocks. Diseases, nematodes, insect pests, abiotic stresses, and other nutritional and environmental factors, can reduce walnut productivity and quality, affecting grower profitability. The California Walnut Breeding Program at UC Davis has developed and released scion cultivars and rootstocks to help address some of these problems. Sequencing of the walnut genome is expected to speed walnut breeding by f…

Phytoene desaturaseCRISPR-Cas9; gene-editing; gRNA; nut crops; oxidative stress; phytoene desaturase; plastid healthBreeding programnut cropgRNAgene-editinglcsh:TX341-641HorticultureManagement Monitoring Policy and LawBiologyGenomeCropGenome editingSettore AGR/07 - Genetica Agrariaoxidative stressGlobal and Planetary Changeoxidative strelcsh:TP368-456Ecologybusiness.industryfungifood and beveragesPhenotypic traitBiotechnologySettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni Arboreelcsh:Food processing and manufacturephytoene desaturaseplastid healthCRISPR-Cas9nut cropsRootstockbusinesslcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supplyAgronomy and Crop ScienceHickory nutFood Science
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Assessment of DEMO WCLL breeding blanket primary heat transfer system isolation valve absorbed doses due to activated water

2020

Abstract Within the framework of the activities foreseen by the EUROfusion action on the cooling water activation assessment for a DEMO reactor equipped with a Water Cooled Lithium Lead Breeding Blanket (WCLL BB), the University of Palermo is involved in the investigation of the absorbed dose induced by the decay of nitrogen radioisotopes produced by water activation, in the main components (e.g. isolation valves) of both First Wall (FW) and Breeder Zone (BZ) cooling circuits. The aim of this work is to assess the spatial distribution of the absorbed dose in the DEMO Upper Pipe Chase (UPC), focusing the attention on the space neighbouring a typical isolation valve of the Primary Heat Transf…

PipingMechanical EngineeringWater cooledNuclear engineeringIsolation valveBlanket01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasWCLL blanketBreeder (animal)Nuclear Energy and EngineeringDoseAbsorbed dose0103 physical sciencesHeat transferNeutronicsWater coolingEnvironmental scienceGeneral Materials Science010306 general physicsDEMOSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural EngineeringFusion Engineering and Design
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Synthèse sur la détection des produits issus des nouvelles technologies génomiques (NGT) appliquées aux plantes. Paris, Paris, le 26 novembre 2021

2021

Synthèse sur la détection des produits issus des nouvelles technologies génomiques (NGT) appliquées aux plantesLa question du statut réglementaire des NGT (New Genomic Techniques), qui ont été définies comme techniques de modification du génome « apparues » depuis 2001 , est actuellement débattue en Europe. Ces techniques n’existaient pas, ou étaient peu développées lors de l’adoption des directives et règlements européens qui encadrent actuellement les organismes génétiquement modifiés (OGM). A l’époque le législateur européen avait choisi de réglementer les techniques de transgénèse et d’exempter les méthodes de mutagénèse notamment sur la base d’une expérience d’usage n’ayant révélé aucu…

Plant Breeding[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/BiotechnologyNew Genomic Technics[SDV.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology
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Production and transport modelling of Po-210 in DEMO reactor

2022

Abstract One of the generic designs of the nuclear fusion DEMO reactor proposed by the EUROfusion consortium foresees the development of a tritium breeding blanket (BB) relying on the use of the liquid-metal PbLi eutectic alloy as both neutron multiplier and tritium breeder, namely the water-cooled lithium lead (WCLL) BB, whose strengths and weaknesses are well known. This paper focuses the attention on one of the possible disadvantages of such a technology: the production of the highly radiotoxic radionuclide 210Po, which could become a safety issue to be accounted for. The 210Po concentration within the PbLi circuit has been assessed by solving a modified version of Bateman’s equations to…

Po-210Nuclear and High Energy Physicsfluid-dynamicsneutronicsBreeding blanketCondensed Matter PhysicsDEMOSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariNuclear Fusion
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How do university systems' features affect academic inbreeding?: Career rules and language requirements in France, Germany, Italy and Spain

2022

Studies on academic inbreeding have mostly focused on institutional inbreeding and its negative effects, whereas little research has explored its causes. We identify current explanations of the macro‐, meso‐ and micro‐level factors that sustain academic inbreeding as well as research gaps. We address a main research gap regarding what macro‐level factors contribute to academic inbreeding, by analysing systems’ norms and rules regulating access to senior academic positions and teaching language requirements in France, Germany, Italy and Spain, the largest public university systems of the European Union. The analysis reveals that career rules designed to guarantee quality may have unintended …

Political scienceDemographic economicsVDP::Social science: 200::Education: 280Affect (psychology)InbreedingEducationPeer review
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Identification of two new alleles at k-casein (CSN3) gene in Girgetana goat breed

2013

In the milk of ruminants, more than 95% of proteins are synthesized by six structural genes, four caseins and two whey proteins. The κ-casein fraction plays an important role in the formation, stabilization and aggregation on casein micelles and thus affects technological and nutritional properties of milk. Goat κ-casein (CSN3) gene comprises five exons with the mRNA coding region for mature protein spanning from exon 3 to exon 4. The κ-casein locus has been widely investigated and several genetic variants have been found in different goat breeds. At protein level, AIEF and BIEF groups corresponding to isoelectric point 5.53 and 5.78, respectively, have been identified. In this study, exon …

Polymorphisms new alleles CSN3 gene Girgentana goat breedSettore AGR/17 - Zootecnica Generale E Miglioramento Genetico
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Simultaneous determination of main phenolic acids and flavonoids in tomato by micellar electrokinetic capillary electrophoresis

2017

[EN] A methodology for the determination of tomato phenolic acids and flavonoids has been developed combining MEKC and DAD detection. The influence on polyphenol separation of pH and background electrolyte, BGE (borax, acetonitrile, methanol and SDS concentrations), was studied and optimized using response surface methodology and weighted desirability function. Separation of polyphenols was achieved within 20 min at 15 degrees C using 11.3 mM borax and 11.2 mM SDS adjusted to pH 8.5 as BGE. Validation was performed using standards and tomato extracts. Recoveries ranged from 77 to 106%. Acceptable repeatabilities were obtained for peak area (% RSD <3.1% and <3.7%) and migration times (% RSD …

Polyphenol01 natural sciencesPlant breedingAnalytical ChemistryMEKCElectrokinetic phenomena0404 agricultural biotechnologyCapillary electrophoresisSolanum lycopersicumPhenolsResponse surface methodologyHydroxybenzoatesResponse surface methodologyMicellesFlavonoidsChromatographyChemistryPlant Extracts010401 analytical chemistryElectrophoresis Capillary04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral Medicine040401 food science0104 chemical sciencesGENETICAFunctional qualityPolyphenolFood Science
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Cracking the nut: Geographical adjacency of sister taxa supports vicariance in a polytomic salamander clade in the absence of node support

2008

The urodelan genus Lyciasalamandra, which inhabits a relatively small area along the southern Turkish coast and some Aegean islands, provides an outstanding example of a diverse but phylogenetically unresolved taxon. Molecular trees contain a single basal polytomy that could be either soft or hard. We here use the information of nuclear (allozymes) and mitochondrial (fractions of the 16S rRNA and ATPase genes) datasets in combination with area relationships of lineages to resolve the phylogenetic relationships among Lyciasalamandra species in the absence of sufficient node support. We can show that neither random processes nor introgressive hybridization can be invoked to explain that the m…

PolytomyLineage (evolution)LyciasalamandraUrodelaLyciasalamandraDNA Mitochondrialsalamandersvicariancesoft polytomyGeneticsVicarianceAnimalsInbreedingCladeMolecular BiologyPhylogenyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsAdenosine TriphosphatasesCell NucleusamphibiansGeographynode supportbiologyPhylogenetic treeEcologybiology.organism_classificationgeographical adjacency of sister taxaMitochondriaTaxonHaplotypesSister groupEvolutionary biologyhard polytomy
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Genome‐wide survey on three local horse populations with a focus on runs of homozygosity pattern

2022

Purosangue Orientale Siciliano, Sanfratellano and Siciliano represent the Sicilian equine genetic resource. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity, population structure and the pattern of autozygosity of Sicilian horse populations using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data generated with the Illumina Equine SNP70 array. The genotyping data of 17 European and Middle East populations were also included in the study. The patterns of genetic differentiation, model-based clustering and Neighbour-Net showed the expected positioning of Sicilian populations within the wide analysed framework and the close connections between the Purosangue Orientale Siciliano and the…

Population Densityruns of homozygosityGenomeGenotypeHomozygotegenetic diversityGeneral MedicinePolymorphism Single Nucleotideautochthonous horseautochthonous horsesFood AnimalsAnimalsInbreedingAnimal Science and ZoologyHorsesautochthonous horses genetic diversity runs of homozygosity SNPsSNPsJournal of Animal Breeding and Genetics
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Possible further evidence of low denetic diversity in the El Sidrón (Asturias, Spain) Neandertal Group: congenital clefts of the atlas

2015

Received: June 12, 2015; Accepted: August 5, 2015; Published: September 29, 2015

Populationlcsh:MedicineBiologyMandibular canineGenetic variationAnimalsCervical Atlaslcsh:ScienceeducationNeanderthalsGeneticseducation.field_of_studyGenetic diversityMultidisciplinaryFossilslcsh:RGenetic VariationPaleogeneticsGenetics PopulationSpainEvolutionary biologyEndogamyPaleoanthropologylcsh:QInbreedingResearch Article
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