Search results for "Breeding"
showing 10 items of 475 documents
Termomodernizacje budynków, a miejsca lęgowe chronionych gatunków ptaków - zagrożenie czy szansa?
2017
Teoretycznie prace związane z termoizolacją budynków, szczególnie bloków mieszkalnych, powinny zostać poprzedzone ekspertyzą ornitologiczną. Nawet jeśli takowa będzie miała miejsce, montowane budki lęgowe kompensujące utratę miejsc lęgowych dla takich gatunków jak wróbel (Passer domesticus) lub jerzyk (Apus apus) często wieszane są nieprawidłowo lub zasiedlone są w następnym sezonie przez inne dziuplaki - głównie szpaki (Sturnus vulgaris). Wobec tego, z punktu widzenia ochrony lęgowych i zagrożonych gatunków, termoizolacja jest uważana za szkodliwą i przynoszącą straty. Jednak w miarę upływu czasu,paradoksalnie, warstwa izolacyjna stwarza ponownie warunki do gniazdowania głównie dzięki nied…
Data from: Low but contrasting neutral genetic differentiation shaped by winter temperature in European great tits
2015
Gene flow is usually thought to reduce genetic divergence and impede local adaptation by homogenising gene pools between populations. However, evidence for local adaptation and phenotypic differentiation in highly mobile species, experiencing high levels of gene flow, is emerging. Assessing population genetic structure at different spatial scales is thus a crucial step towards understanding mechanisms underlying intraspecific differentiation and diversification. Here, we studied the population genetic structure of a highly mobile species – the great tit Parus major – at different spatial scales. We analysed 884 individuals from 30 sites across Europe including 10 close-by sites (< 50 km)…
Chemiczne markery miodów odmianowych
2011
Honey is a natural food product reach in variety of chemical compounds, which are responsible for its quality and aroma. Unifloral honeys are especially attractive for buyers and are quite frequently falsified. Thus, the assessment of their quality is indispensable. Today it relays on identification of the pollen and determination of honey physicochemical properties. In this paper the new methods for the assessment of honey quality are described. They relay on analysis and identification of volatile compounds typical for certain uniflolar honeys. These compounds are called markers. These could virtually all natural products with products of decomposition of phenylalanine, terpenes, flavonoi…
Ģinšu un sugu krustošanas mēģinājumi krustziežu dzimtā (Cruciferae)
2020
Raksts satur informāciju par latviešu botāniķa Aleksandra Zāmeļa (1897 - 1943) doktora disertāciju "Ģinšu un sugu krustošanas mēģinājumi krustziežu dzimtā (Cruciferae)" (1942), kas glabājas Latvijas Universitātes Muzeja Botānikas un mikoloģijas kolekciju krājumā.
Recent Progress in the WCLL Breeding Blanket Design for the DEMO Fusion Reactor
2018
The water-cooled lithium-lead (PbLi) breeding blanket is one of the candidate systems considered for the implementation in the European Demonstration Power Plant (DEMO) nuclear fusion reactor. This concept employs PbLi liquid metal as tritium breeder and neutron multiplier, water pressurized at 15.5 MPa as the coolant, and EUROFER as the structural material. The current design is based on the single module segment approach and follows the requirements of the DEMO-2015 baseline design. The module is constituted by a basic toroidal-radial cell that is recursively repeated along the poloidal direction where the liquid metal flows along a radial-poloidal path. The heat generated by the fusion r…
Genomic inbreeding estimation in small populations: evaluation of runs of homozygosity in local cattle breeds
2015
The availability of high throughput genotyping has facilitated the quantification of inbreeding by genomic markers in farm animals. Run of homozygosity (ROH) are contiguous lengths of homozygous genotypes and represent an estimate of the degree of autozygosity at genome-wide level. The current study aims to quantify the genomic inbreeding derived from ROH (FROH) in three Italian local cattle breeds. Individuals of Cinisara (71), Modicana (72), Reggiana (168) were genotyped with the 50K v2 Illumina BeadChip. Genotypes from 96 animals of the Italian Holstein cattle breed were included in the analysis. The following criteria were used to define a ROH: two missing SNPs; one heterozygous SNP; mi…
Data from: Recolonization after habitat restoration leads to decreased genetic variation in populations of a terrestrial orchid
2012
Colonization is crucial to habitat restoration projects that rely on the spontaneous regeneration of the original vegetation. However, as a previously declining plant species spreads again, the likelihood of founder effects increases through recurrent population founding and associated serial bottlenecks. We related AFLP genetic variation and fitness of all extant populations of the outcrossing terrestrial orchid Dactylorhiza incarnata in an isolated coastal dune complex to colonization history. Around 1970, D. incarnata suffered a severe bottleneck yet eventually persisted and gradually spread throughout the spatially segregated dune slacks, aided by the restoration of an open vegetation. …
Data from: Demographic responses of a site-faithful and territorial predator to its fluctuating prey: long-tailed skuas and arctic lemmings
2013
1. Environmental variability, through interannual variation in food availability or climatic variables, is usually detrimental to population growth. It can even select for constancy in key life-history traits, though some exceptions are known. Changes in the level of environmental variability are therefore important to predict population growth or life-history evolution. Recently, several cyclic vole and lemming populations have shown large dynamical changes, that might affect rodent predator demography or life histories. 2. Skuas constitute an important case study among rodent predators, because of their strongly saturating breeding productivity (they lay only two eggs) and high degree of …
Data from: Highly asymmetric fine-scale genetic structure between sexes of African striped mice and indication for condition dependent alternative ma…
2011
Sex-biased dispersal is observed in many taxa, but few studies have compared sex-biased dispersal among and within populations. We addressed the magnitude and habitat dependency of sex-biased dispersal in social African striped mice by separating group-related from population-related genetic variance to understand the contribution of each sex to deme structure. As dispersal over unoccupied habitat is likely to be more costly than dispersal within a population, we predicted that individuals leaving the natal population have a lower body condition, being inferior to heavier territorial individuals. Fine-scale genetic structure was detected in both sexes. Female relatedness decreased continuou…
Data from: Long live the alien: is high genetic diversity a pivotal aspect of crested porcupine (Hystrix cristata) long-lasting and successful invasi…
2016
Studying the evolutionary dynamics of an alien species surviving and continuing to expand after several generations can provide fundamental information on the relevant features of clearly successful invasions. Here, we tackle this task by investigating the dynamics of the genetic diversity in invasive crested porcupine (Hystrix cristata) populations, introduced to Italy about 1500 years ago, which are still growing in size, distribution range and ecological niche. Using genome-wide RAD markers, we describe the structure of the genetic diversity and the demographic dynamics of the H. cristata invasive populations and compare their genetic diversity with that of native African populations of …