Search results for "Brown"

showing 10 items of 478 documents

An X-shooter survey of star forming regions: Low-mass stars and sub-stellar objects

2011

We present preliminary results of our X-shooter survey in star forming regions. In this contribution we focus on sub-samples of young stellar and sub-stellar objects (YSOs) in the Lupus star forming region and in the TW Hya association. We show that the X-shooter spectra are suitable for conducting several parallel studies such as YSO + disk fundamental parameters, accretion and outflow activity in the very low-mass (VLM) and sub-stellar regimes, as well as magnetic activity in young VLM YSOs, and Li abundance determinations. The capabilities of X-shooter in terms of wide spectral coverage, resolution and limiting magnitudes, allow us to assess simultaneously the accretion/outflow, magnetic…

PhysicsYoung stellar objectBrown dwarfAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAccretion (astrophysics)Spectral lineT Tauri starStarsaccretion accretion disks ISM: jets and outflows stars: formation stars: low-mass brown dwarfs stars: pre-main sequence T Tauri starsSpace and Planetary ScienceOutflowLow Massjets and outflows stars: formation stars: low-mass brown dwarfs stars: pre-main sequence T Tauri stars [accretion accretion disks ISM]
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Dynamics of Dense Polymers: A Molecular Dynamics Approach

1988

The physics of polymeric materials[1, 2] is one of the most challenging problems in condensed matter physics today. It is a problem of great interest both from a fundamental viewpoint and for their various technical applications. In addition to theortical and experimental approaches, computer simulations[3–11] have played an important role in our present understanding of polymers. For static properties Monte Carlo methods have been widely used and give excellent results for static critical exponents. To investigate dynamic properties three different methods — Monte Carlo (MC)[3–7], molecular dynamics (MD)[8, 9] and Brownian dynamics methods[10] — have been used. Detailed microscopic dynamic…

Physicschemistry.chemical_classificationPersistence lengthMolecular dynamicsReptationStar polymerchemistryMonte Carlo methodBrownian dynamicsStatistical physicsPolymerCritical exponent
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ChandraX‐Ray Observation of the Orion Nebula Cluster. II. Relationship between X‐Ray Activity Indicators and Stellar Parameters

2002

Using the results of our first paper on the Chandra HRC observation of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC), here we explore the relation between the coronal activity of its 1-Myr-old pre-main sequence population and stellar parameters. We find that median X-ray luminosities of low mass stars (M/M_sun < 3) increase with increasing mass and decreasing stellar age. Brown dwarfs (0.03 < M/M_sun < 0.08) follow the same trend with mass. From M~0.1 to M~0.5M_sun, median L_X/L_bol values increase by about half an order of magnitude and then remain constant at ~10^-3.5 for the mass range from 0.5 to 3.0 M/M_sun. In these same two mass ranges, L_X/L_bol remains roughly constant with age, until it…

Physicseducation.field_of_studyStellar massStellar populationAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics (astro-ph)PopulationBrown dwarfFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAstrophysicsAccretion (astrophysics)StarsSpace and Planetary ScienceOrion NebulaAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsLow MasseducationAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsThe Astrophysical Journal
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Quantitative approximation of certain stochastic integrals

2002

We approximate certain stochastic integrals, typically appearing in Stochastic Finance, by stochastic integrals over integrands, which are path-wise constant within deterministic, but not necessarily equidistant, time intervals. We ask for rates of convergence if the approximation error is considered in L 2 . In particular, we show that by using non-equidistant time nets, in contrast to equidistant time nets, approximation rates can be improved considerably.

Physics::Computational PhysicsMeasurable functionRate of convergenceApproximation errorPath integral formulationMathematical analysisEquidistantStochastic approximationConstant (mathematics)Brownian motionMathematicsStochastics and Stochastic Reports
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Bistability and “Negative” Viscosity for a Suspension of Insulating Particles in an Electric Field

2003

It is shown that a suspension of insulating particles in a liquid with low conductivity possesses bistability and has a "negative" effective viscosity effect in the electric field due to internal rotations. By Brownian dynamics simulation it has been found that thermal fluctuations of the angular velocity of particles in this bistable system can have a large effect on the viscosity of the suspension.

Physics::Fluid DynamicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterPhysicsViscosityCondensed matter physicsBistabilityElectric fieldBrownian dynamicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermal fluctuationsAngular velocityConductivitySuspension (vehicle)Physical Review Letters
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Dynamic Density Functional Theories for Inhomogeneous Polymer Systems Compared to Brownian Dynamics Simulations

2017

Dynamic density functionals (DDFs) are popular tools for studying the dynamical evolution of inhomogeneous polymer systems. Here, we present a systematic evaluation of a set of diffusive DDF theories by comparing their predictions with data from particle-based Brownian dynamics (BD) simulations for two selected problems: Interface broadening in compressible A/B homopolymer blends after a sudden change of the incompatibility parameter, and microphase separation in compressible A:B diblock copolymer melts. Specifically, we examine (i) a local dynamics model, where monomers are taken to move independently from each other, (ii) a nonlocal "chain dynamics" model, where monomers move jointly with…

Polymers and PlasticsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterDynamic density01 natural sciencesInorganic Chemistrysymbols.namesakeChain (algebraic topology)0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistryStatistical physics010306 general physicsDebyePhysicsCovariance matrixOrganic ChemistryDynamics (mechanics)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MattersymbolsCompressibilityBrownian dynamicsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Particle0210 nano-technologyMacromolecules
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Conformations, Transverse Fluctuations and Crossover Dynamics of a Semi-Flexible Chain in Two Dimensions

2014

We present a unified scaling description for the dynamics of monomers of a semiflexible chain under good solvent condition in the free draining limit. We consider both the cases where the contour length $L$ is comparable to the persistence length $\ell_p$ and the case $L\gg \ell_p$. Our theory captures the early time monomer dynamics of a stiff chain characterized by $t^{3/4}$ dependence for the mean square displacement(MSD) of the monomers, but predicts a first crossover to the Rouse regime of $t^{2\nu/{1+2\nu}}$ for $\tau_1 \sim \ell_p^3$, and a second crossover to the purely diffusive dynamics for the entire chain at $\tau_2 \sim L^{5/2}$. We confirm the predictions of this scaling descr…

PolymersCrossoverMolecular ConformationGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesMolecular Dynamics SimulationCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterChain (algebraic topology)Statistical physicsPhysics - Biological PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryScalingBrownian motionPhysicsPersistence lengthQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMathematics::Functional AnalysisModels TheoreticalSolutionsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMean squared displacementLennard-Jones potentialBiological Physics (physics.bio-ph)SolventsBrownian dynamicsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
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POLYPHENOL OXIDASE ACTIVITY FROM THREE SICILIAN ARTICHOKE (CYNARA CARDUNCULUS L. VAR. SCOLYMUS L. (FIORI)) CULTIVARS: STUDIES AND TECHNOLOGICAL APPLI…

2010

Several papers helped with the development of more methods to control browning, or study thermal polyphenol oxidase (PPO) inactivation, but did not provide any solutions to technological process problems and food process improvement. Artichokes [ Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus L. (Fiori)] are susceptible to browning; this alteration could affect and reduce the suitability for its use, fresh or processed. Within this study, the catecholase and cresolase activities of PPO from three different Sicilian artichokes cultivar were characterized with regard to substrate specificity and enzyme kinetics, optimum pH and temperature, temperature and pH stability, and inhibitor test; all of the res…

Polyphenol oxidaseFood HandlingPolyphenol oxidaseSubstrate SpecificityCynara scolymusBotanyEnzyme StabilityBrowningCynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus L. (Fiori)CultivarCatechol oxidaseSicilyPlant ProteinsbiologyChemistryCynara scolymusCynaraTemperaturefood and beveragesGeneral Chemistrybiology.organism_classificationinhibitionHorticultureKineticsbiology.proteinPostharvestScolymusenzymatic browningGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesCatechol Oxidase
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OXIDASES ACTIVITIES AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF MINIMALLY PROCESSED BABY ROMAINE LETTUCE (Lactuca sativa L. CV. DUENDE) CULTIVATED UNDER DIFFERENT SA…

2007

[SPA] El pardeamiento enzimático es uno de los principales problemas implicados en el procesamiento mínimo y en la siguiente conservación de hortalizas de hoja, reduciendo la vida comercial del producto. Se han evaluado las variaciones de las dos principales oxidasas, polifenol oxidasa (PPO) y peroxidasa (POD), así como del contenido en fenoles, del color y de la capacidad antioxidante (metodo ORAC) durante 10 días de conservación a 4 °C de lechuga Baby Romaine (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Duende) mínimamente procesada, cultivada bajo 3 distintas condiciones de salinidad (2,8, 3,8, 4,8 dS/m), para determinar la condición más apta al siguiente procesamiento. Niveles crecientes de salinidad redujer…

Polyphenol oxidaseenzymes activity ORAC ready-to-eatORACAITEPBrowningTecnología de los AlimentosSettore AGR/15 - Scienze E Tecnologie AlimentariHydric stressPeroxidase
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Coalescing directed random walks on the backbone of a 1 +1-dimensional oriented percolation cluster converge to the Brownian web

2018

We consider the backbone of the infinite cluster generated by supercritical oriented site percolation in dimension 1 +1. A directed random walk on this backbone can be seen as an "ancestral line" of an individual sampled in the stationary discrete-time contact process. Such ancestral lineages were investigated in [BCDG13] where a central limit theorem for a single walker was proved. Here, we consider infinitely many coalescing walkers on the same backbone starting at each space-time point. We show that, after diffusive rescaling, the collection of paths converges in distribution to the Brownian web. Hence, we prove convergence to the Brownian web for a particular system of coalescing random…

Probability (math.PR)FOS: MathematicsOriented percolation coalescing random walks Brownian webMathematics - Probability
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