Search results for "Building automation"
showing 10 items of 41 documents
Impact of building automation control systems and technical building management systems on the energy performance class of residential buildings: An …
2014
Abstract The paper focuses on the evaluation of the impact on residential buildings of building automation control (BAC) and technical building management (TBM) systems. This work shows how the control, monitoring and automation functions considered by the European Standard EN 15232 can considerably influence the energy performance of a single-family test house and, consequently, its energy performance class. The study puts into evidence that the benefit that can be drawn from the installation of BAC and TBM systems depends on the type of technical appliances in the household and on the starting energy performance class. Finally, the economic impact due to the introduction of BACS or TBM fu…
Economic impact of BACS and TBM systems on residential buildings
2013
The paper presents the results of a study on the economic impact of building automation control systems and technical building management systems on residential buildings. The different functions considered by European Standard EN 15232 and having impact on the energy performance of buildings are applied to a test house, varying its energy efficiency class. The economic impact due to the introduction of each BACS or TBM function is evaluated using the BAC factors method, considering the real costs for the purchase and the installation of the components that implement the specific functions and the yearly energy costs of the building before and after their installation.
Artificial Intelligence in Protecting Smart Building’s Cloud Service Infrastructure from Cyberattacks
2020
Gathering and utilizing stored data is gaining popularity and has become a crucial component of smart building infrastructure. The data collected can be stored, for example, into private, public, or hybrid cloud service infrastructure or distributed service by utilizing data platforms. The stored data can be used when implementing services, such as building automation (BAS). Cloud services, IoT sensors, and data platforms can face several kinds of cybersecurity attack vectors such as adversarial, AI-based, DoS/DDoS, insider attacks. If a perpetrator can penetrate the defenses of a data platform, she can cause significant harm to the system. For example, the perpetrator can disrupt a buildin…
A decentralized load control architecture for smart energy consumption in small islands
2020
Abstract In this paper we propose the adoption of Overgrid, a new decentralized load control architecture, for balancing the energy production variations introduced with the adoption of renewable sources, facilitating and improving the smart energy retrofit. The system is presented and applied for managing the aggregated daily load profile of a community of domestic end-users in the island of Lampedusa, Italy, exploiting the load profiles gathered in a real measurement campaign. The Overgrid Demand Response (DR) architecture is used for managing the residential flexible loads, estimating the aggregated power demand without any centralized server and creating a virtual “community” of smart b…
Definition and Assessment of a BAC Factor for Estimating Electrical Consumption of Outdoor Lighting
2018
The BAC factors method was introduced by the international Standard EN 15232 for a rough evaluation of energy savings in buildings obtained thanks to automation. The above standard considers the building's services such as heating, cooling, ventilation and lighting and takes into account automation on the basis of assumed usage profile for the related technical installations. However, the standard does not refer specifically to the automation of outdoor lighting systems such as those serving gardens, entrance walkways and passages around the building and supplied by it. In this paper, the authors propose a method for evaluation an outdoor BAC factor for lighting system considering various s…
Building Automation and Control Systems and Electrical Distribution Grids: A Study on the Effects of Loads Control Logics on Power Losses and Peaks
2018
Growing home comfort is causing increasing energy consumption in residential buildings and a consequent stress in urban medium and low voltage distribution networks. Therefore, distribution system operators are obliged to manage problems related to the reliability of the electricity system and, above all, they must consider investments for enhancing the electrical infrastructure. The purpose of this paper is to assess how the reduction of building electricity consumption and the modification of the building load profile, due to load automation, combined with suitable load control programs, can improve network reliability and distribution efficiency. This paper proposes an extensive study on…
On the effects of BAC systems and load control programs on the utility grid
2017
The electricity demand increasing for the comfort improvement in residential buildings is nowadays stressing the MV and LV networks in urban areas. In this framework, the Distribution System Operators (DSO) are exposed to the risk of reliability decrease and there is, earlier than expected, the issue of new and substantial investments for enhancing the network infrastructure. Nevertheless, DSOs have a very strong inclination to defer investment in new facilities in favour of more "flexible measures" for improving the life of the existing components. Solutions of this type are primarily based on demand management, i.e. activities aimed at encouraging the end-users to a different/smart electr…
Efficientamento energetico di utenze domestiche nelle isole minori italiane
2020
L’articolo tratta l’efficientamento energetico nel settore residenziale delle piccole isole non connesse alla rete di trasmissione elettrica nazionale. L’analisi ha riguardato un’utenza tipo dell’Isola di Lampedusa, individuata sulla base dei dati statistici ISTAT, di cui sono stati acquisiti i dati di consumo da bolletta e monitorati i consumi elettrici al fine di selezionare gli interventi di retrofit più adeguati. Fra questi vi sono: la sostituzione degli scalda-acqua elettrici esistenti e il ricorso a tecnologie di Building Automation Control system (BACs) per la gestione dell’impianto di illuminazione e di altri carichi elettrici flessibili. La valutazione dei risparmi conseguibili è s…
Experimental validation of the BAC factor method for lighting systems
2017
In the last few years, many buildings have been equipped with Building Automation and Control (BAC) systems. BAC systems can be used to achieve a significant reduction of the electrical consumption and to have all the well acknowledged benefits from the daylight (e.g. occupant comfort, health, well-being and productivity). For this reason, Standard EN 15232 "Energy performance of buildings — Impact of Building Automation, Controls and Building Management" puts into evidence the importance of the presence of BAC and Technical Building Management (TBM) systems, suggests a classification of these systems, explains their main functionalities and presents a simplified method to estimate their im…
A set of indices to assess the real performance of daylight-linked control systems
2017
Abstract The installation of Building Automation Control Systems (BACs) in general is an effective action to achieve relevant energy savings. Commercial BACs, installed in residential or small offices, often include functions of lighting control, acting as Daylight-Linked Control Systems (DLCSs). Nevertheless, because system performance is strictly dependent on different parameters, BAC’s hardware and software configuration and as well as an inaccurate commissioning do not always allow a perfect execution of the desired tasks; therefore, the system could not work as expected. Moreover, it is well known that energy saving potential is specifically related to the variability of the light envi…